POL-GOV

LESSON 1:
THE EVOLUTION OF
PHILIPPINE DEMOCRATIC
POLITICS
PREPARED BY: TSUNADE SENJU
Barangay System

The social order in a barangay was divided into three

classes:
Barangay system where central government is
headed by Datu, Raha, or Sultan.
1. Datu – is chieftain holds the three (3) powers or
three (3) branches of government.
2. Timawa or Free man – refers to an intermediate social class.
These groups of people do or make things according to their will.
They were not paid they work for themselves. They cannot be sold.

Alipin has Two Categories:

3.1. Aliping Namamahay – i t i s t h e s l ave w i t h a h i g h e r
s t a t u s . T h ey we re s l ave s b u t t h e n t h ey we re t o l ive o n
t h e h o u s e. T h ey c a n ’t b e s o l d .
3.2. Aliping Saguiguilid – i t i s a s l ave s w i t h a l owe r
s t a t u s . T h ey we re p a i d a n d t h ey c a n b e s o l d .
SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF A BARANGAY
IN PRE- COLONIAL ERA
SPANISH ERA
• The King is the head of all
the colonies.
• Governor-general serves
as the “governor of the
provinces or what is called
“colonies”. He also a
Commander-in-Chief.
• Royal Audencia – the
Spanish supreme court.
King Philip II
THE LAWS WERE
COMPILED TO
BECOME THE
COLONIAL CODE
 SPANISH RULES:
• Polo y servicio – the forced labor rendered by Filipinos
Falla – the exception fee for forced labor.
Another paying of tribute or tax called Tributo.
Executive – he enforced he Spanish laws and decrees in the
Philippines.
• Legislative – he enacted and issues law. Regulation and decrees
• Judicial – he was the president or presiding officer of the Royal
Audencia.
• Accelesiastic – power to recommend priest for appointment and
intervene in controversies within the church.
From 1565-1898 total of 122 governors general served
in the Philippines.

The first governor general from

1565-1572
• Worked on for the Spaniards
and native Filipinos to live
together as one community

Miguel Lopez de Legaspi

 - Outstanding governor for
his agricultural contribution
and economic programs.
- He established the
tobacco monopoly.

JOSE BASCO Y
VARGAS
 REVOLUTION AND
THE FIRST REPUBLIC
The PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT was
established from 1889-1895 through founding
of LA SOLIDARIDAD NEWSPAPER which
became the medium of the PROPAGANDISTS .
Propagandists: José Rizal , Marcelo H.. Del Pilar
and Graciano Lopez-Jaena.

El Fili and Noli Me Tangere- the BEST NOVELS

WRITTEN BY A FILIPINO.
THE First editor of LA SOLIDARIDAD was
GRACIANO LOPEZ JAENA known as the
ORATOR OF THE SAID MOVEMENT.
Rizal got arrested and had to stay in
prison for 4 years. In Rizal's absence,
the katipunan was founded and
advocated complete independence
under the command of

ANDRES BONIFACIO
(KKK)
MAGDIWANG MAGDALO
Bonifacio was hunted down, arrested, tried for
treason control and executed after the death of
bonifacio and his brother.
IN 1898 THE MOCK BATTLE IN MANILA
Aguinaldo proclaim the independence of the
Philippines on June 12, 1898 in Cavite .
 AMERICAN
OCCUPATION AND
WORLD WAR II
• The AMERICAN PERIOD was lasted from 1899 to 1946 where the
Americans introduced the presidential system under 1935 constitution.
• The PRESIDENT is the HEAD OF THE GOVERNMENT while the VICE
PRESIDENT is the HEAD OF THE STATE.
• The MILITARY government suppressed the rebellions in the whole
archipelago under MILITARY GOVERNOR- GENERAL.
• CIVIL GOVERNMENT managed the peace and order of the whole
archipelago.
• The 1935 constitution introduced the basic principles of the state such
as separation of CHURCH AND STATE and the powers of the main
branches of the government.
MANUEL L. QUEZON
AUGUST 19, 1878

• He is the second
president of the
Philippines and
the first
president of the
commonwealth of
the Philippines
 SERGIO OSMENA
SEPTEMBER 9, 1878
• He is the vice
president of
manuel l. Quezon
• After the death
of pres. Manuel l.
Quezon he
became the
president
JAPANESE OCCUPATION
• The 1935 constitution was set aside when the
JAPANESE occupied the PHILIPPINES from 1941-
1945.
• The Japanese implemented the “GREATER EAST
ASIA CO-PROSPERITY SPHERE” where the
Japanese imposed laws and customs on the country.
INDEPENDENCE AND
THE THIRD REPUBLIC
When the Philippines gained
independence from the
united states on July 4, 1946,
Roxas became the first
president of the new
republic.
Elpidio Quirino, president from
1948–53

•Quirino assumed the presidency

on April 17, 1948, taking his oath
of office two days after the death
of Manuel Roxas.
Ramon magsaysay, president from
1953–57
•“man of the masses”
Carlos P. Garcia, president
from 1957–61

He was well known when he

exercised the Filipino first
policy during his term in office.
Diosdado Macapagal,
president from 1961–65

Macapagal ran against Garcia

and defeated the incumbent
president by a 55% to 45%
margin in the 1961
presidential election.
MARTIAL LAW
 FERDINAND E. MARCOS
SEPTEMBER 21, 1972

• The ninth president of

the Philippines
• He is the first
president implement
the martial law
PEOPLE POWER AND
AQUINO
ADMINISTRATION
 SNAP ELECTION
• Feb 7, 1986
• Marcos parin vs. Tama na, sobra na,
palitan na!
• Most historic:
• First women candidate
• Most expensive and dirtiest
• Most Filipino were honest and
could not be bribed
• Most confusing election in our
country
COMPARE
SNAP ELECTION
EDSA PEOPLE POWER REVOLUTION
CONTEMPORARY
PERIOD 1986 TO
PRESENT
ALL COVERED BY 1987 CONSTITUTION
A.PEOPLE POWER PRESIDENT – Corazon C.
Aquino (1986-1992)
B.CENTENNIAL PRESIDENTS- Fidel Ramos (1992-
1998) , Joseph Estrada (1998- 2001) and Gloria
Macapagal-Arroyo (2001-2010).
C.ELECTRONIC PRESIDENTS- Benigno C. Aquino
(2010-2016) and Pres. Rodrigo Roa Duterte (2016-
present)
• Images Sources;
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EZTLgtTOTNo
• https://www.pinterest.ph/jennfsantucci/my-book-culture/
• http://www.memoriachilena.gob.cl/602/w3-article-8943.html