MATHEMATICS 7

Module 5 : Week 5 : Second Quarter

LAWS OF EXPONENTS

Learning Competencies
The learner derives the laws of exponents.
Code: M7AL-IId-e-1

Objectives
The learner should be able to apply the laws of exponents.

Let’s Recall (Review)

A. Give the value of the following

1. 3.
2.

B. Simplify.
1. 3.

2.

C. Identify the base and the exponent.

1. 3.
2.

Let’s Understand (Study the Concept)

You have learned in Module 3 that an exponent is a small number placed on

the upper right portion of a variable or an expression. It tells you how many times the
base is used as a factor. It is a convenient way of writing repeated multiplication. For
example, can be expressed as . There are laws of exponents which
help us in simplifying expressions. Now, it is time to discover these laws of
exponents.
 MATH 7 - 2nd Quarter - Module 5 - Week 5

a. Multiply:
Solution:

So,

Product of Powers Rule

To multiply powers of the same base, copy the base and add the
exponents.

Example 1: Multiply:
Solution:

So,

Example 2: Multiply:
Solution:

So,

Try this!
Multiply.
1. 2.

b. Simplify:
Solution:

So,

Power of a Power Rule

To raise a power to a given power, multiply the two exponents and
write the product as the exponent of the base.

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 MATH 7 - 2nd Quarter - Module 5 - Week 5

Example 1: Simplify:
Solution:

So,

Example 2: Simplify:
Solution:

So,

Try this!
Multiply.
1. 2.

c. Find the value of

Solution:

So,

Power of a Product Rule

To raise a power to a given power, raise each factor of the product to
the given power.

Example 1: Simplify:
Solution:

So,

Example 2: Simplify:
Solution:

So,

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 MATH 7 - 2nd Quarter - Module 5 - Week 5

Try this!
Multiply.
1. 2.

d. Simplify the following.

1. 2. 3.
Solution:
1. 2. 3.

So,
So,
So,

Quotient Rule
For every positive integer and , and
a. If the exponent of the numerator is greater than that of the
denominator, then

b. If the exponent of the denominator is greater than that of the

numerator, then

c. If the exponents of the numerator and denominator are equal,

then

To divide powers of the same base, copy the base and subtract
the exponents.
To raise a power to a given power, raise each factor of the
product to the given power.

Example 1: Simplify:
Solution:

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 MATH 7 - 2nd Quarter - Module 5 - Week 5

So,

Example 2: Simplify:
Solution:

So,

Try this!
Multiply.

1. 2.

e. Simplify:
Solution:

So,

Power of a Quotient Rule

To raise a fractional expression to a power, raise the numerator to the
power and divide by the denominator raised to the same power.

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 MATH 7 - 2nd Quarter - Module 5 - Week 5

Example 1: Simplify:
Solution:

So,

Example 2: Simplify:
Solution:

So,

Try this!
Multiply.

1. 2.

An additional rule in solving exponents is that the final answer should not
contain any negative exponents. Aside from that, any expression raised to zero is
equal to 1 (except zero). For example,

Negative Exponent
If , then

Zero Exponent
If , then

Example 1: Simplify:
Solution:

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 MATH 7 - 2nd Quarter - Module 5 - Week 5

So,

Example 2: Simplify:
Solution:

So,

Try this!
Multiply.

1. 2.

Let’s Apply

Simplify each of the following.

1. 6.
2. 7.

3. 8.

4. 9.
5. 10.

Let’s Analyze

Simplify each expression. Assume that no division is zero.

1. 6.

2. 7.

3. 8.

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 MATH 7 - 2nd Quarter - Module 5 - Week 5

4. 9.

5. 10.

Let’s Try (Evaluation)

Simplify each of the following using the laws of exponents. Assume that no division
is zero.
1. 9.

2. 10.

3. 11.

4. 12.

5. 13.

6. 14.

7. 15.

8.

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