BILL OF RIGHTS

JENNIFER O. ASIO, RN, MN

PATIENT’S RIGHTS (1948)
• “The inherent dignity” and the “equal
and unalienable rights of all members
of the human family”.
• Basis on the concept of the person, and
the fundamental dignity and equality of
all human beings.
• What is owed to the patient as a
human being, by physicians and by the
state, took shape in large part.
Patients' rights vary in different
countries and in different
jurisdictions, often depending
upon prevailing cultural and
social norms.
 In North America and Europe, for
instance, there are at least four models
which depict this relationship:
• the paternalistic model
• the informative model
• the interpretive model
• the deliberative model
PATERNALISTIC MODEL
- judged by the clinical
expert.
- provision of
comprehensive medical VS
information & decision
making power.
INFORMATIVE MODEL
- consumer who is in
the best position to
judge.
- doctor as chiefly a
provider of
information.
 ALL patients have a fundamental right to privacy,
to the confidentiality of their medical information,
to consent to or to refuse treatment, and to be
informed about relevant risk to them of medical
procedures.
 UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
Enshrining the notion of human dignity in international law.
1. Providing a legal and moral grounding for
improved standards of towards each other
as members of the “human family”.
2. Giving important guidance on critical social,
legal and ethical issues.
PHILIPPINES PATIENT
BILL OF RIGHTS
1. RIGHT TO APPROPRIATE MEDICAL CARE AND HUMANE TREATMENT
2. RIGHT TO INFORMED CONSENT
3. RIGHT TO PRIVACY AND CONFIDENTIALITY
4. RIGHT TO INFORMATION
5. RIGHT TO CHOOSE HEALTH CARE PROVIDER AND FACILITY
6. RIGHT TO SELF-DETERMINATION
7. RIGHT TO RELIGIOUS BELIEF
8. RIGHT TO MEDICAL RECORDS
PHILIPPINES PATIENT
9. RIGHT TO LEAVE BILL OF
RIGHTS
10. RIGHT TO PARTICIPATION IN MEDICAL RESEARCH
11. RIGHT TO CORRESPONDENCE AND TO RECEIVE VISITORS
12. RIGHT TO EXPRESS GRIEVANCES
13. RIGHT TO BE INFORMED OF HIS RIGHT AND RESPONSIBILITIES AS A PATIENT
 PHILIPPINES PATIENT
BILL OF RIGHTS

• Right to considerate & respectful care.

• Right to obtain from his physician complete current
information concerning his diagnosis, treatment and
prognosis in terms the patient can reasonably be
expected to understand.
• Right to know by name or in person, the medical team
responsible in coordinating his care.
 PHILIPPINES PATIENT
BILL OF RIGHTS

• Right to receive from his physician information

necessary to give informed consent prior to start of
any procedure and or treatment.
• Right to know the name of the person responsible
for the procedure and/or treatment.
 PHILIPPINES PATIENT
BILL OF RIGHTS
• Right to refuse treatment or life-giving measures, to the
extent permitted by law and to be informed of the medical
consequence of his action.
• Right to every consideration of his privacy concerning his
own medical care program. Case discussion, consultation,
examination and treatment are confidential and should be
conducted discreetly.
• Right to expect that all communication and records
pertaining to his care should be treated as confidential.
 PHILIPPINES PATIENT
BILL OF RIGHTS

• Right that within its capacity, a hospital must make

reasonable response to the request of patient for
services. The institution to which the patient is to
be transferred must first have accepted the
patient for transfer.
 PHILIPPINES PATIENT
BILL OF RIGHTS

• Right to obtain information as to any relationship of the

hospital to other health care and to other health care and
educational institutions in so far as his care is concerned.
• Right to obtain as to the existence of any professional
relationship among individuals.
• Right to be advised if the hospital proposes to engage on
human experimentation affecting his care.
• Right to refuse or participate in such research projects.
 PHILIPPINES PATIENT
BILL OF RIGHTS

• Right to expect reasonable continuity of care; he has the

right to know in advance what appointment times the
physicians are available and where.
• Right to expect that the hospital will provide a
mechanism whereby he is informed by his physician.
• Right to examine and receive an explanation of his bill
regardless of source of payment.
 PHILIPPINES PATIENT
BILL OF RIGHTS

• Right to know what hospital rules and

regulations apply to his conduct as a patient.
 NURSES AND PEOPLE
THE ICN CODE OF NURSES AND PRACTICE

ETHICS FOR NURSES AND THE PROFESSION

NURSES AND CO-WORKERS
NURSES
 PREAMBLE
To promote health, to prevent illness, to restore health and to
alleviate suffering
Inherent in nursing is a respect for human rights. Nursing care is
respectful of and unrestricted by considerations of age, color , creed,
culture, disability or illness, gender, sexual orientation, nationality,
politics, race or social status.
 ELEMENTS OF THE CODE
NURSES AND PEOPLE

The nurse’s primary professional responsibility is to

people requiring nursing care. In providing care, the nurse
promotes an environment in which the human rights,
values, customs and spiritual beliefs of the individual,
family and community are respected.
The nurse holds in confidence personal information
and uses judgment in sharing this information.
 ELEMENTS OF THE CODE
NURSES AND PEOPLE

The nurse shares with society the responsibility

for initiating and supporting action to meet the health
and social needs of the public.
The nurse advocates for equity and social justice
in resource allocation, access to health care and other
social and economic services. The nurse demonstrates
professional values.
 ELEMENTS OF THE CODE
NURSES AND PRACTICE

The nurse carries personal responsibility and

accountability for nursing practice, and for maintaining
competence by continual learning.
The nurse maintains a standard of personal health
such that the ability to provide care is not compromised.
The nurse at all times maintains standards of
personal conduct which reflect well on the profession
and enhance its image and public confidence.
 ELEMENTS OF THE CODE
NURSES AND PRACTICE

The nurse, in providing care, ensures that use

of technology and scientific advances are compatible
with the safety, dignity and rights of people.
 ELEMENTS OF THE CODE
NURSES AND THE PROFESSION

Major role in determining and implementing

acceptable standards of clinical nursing practice,
management, research and education.
The nurse is active in developing a core of
research-based professional knowledge.
Acting through the organization, participates in
creating a positive environment and maintaining safe,
equitable social and economic working conditions.
 ELEMENTS OF THE CODE
NURSES AND THE PROFESSION

The nurse practices to sustain and protect

the natural environment and is aware of its
consequences on health. The nurse contributes to
an ethical organizational environment and
challenges unethical practices and settings.
 ELEMENTS OF THE CODE
NURSES AND CO-WORKERS

Sustains a collaborative and respectful relationship

with co-workers in nursing and other fields.
The nurse takes appropriate action to safeguard
individuals, families and communities when their health is
endangered by a co-worker and takes appropriate action to
support and guide co-workers to advance ethical conduct.
PREGNANT PATIENT
BILL OF RIGHTS
ADDITIONAL RIGHTS
1. The pregnant has the right, prior to the administration of
any drug or procedure, to be informed by the health
professional caring for her of any potential direct or indirect
effects to her and to her unborn or newborn.
2. The pregnant patient has the right, prior to proposed
therapy, to be informed, not only of the benefits, risks and
hazards but also known alternative therapy.
3. The pregnant patient has the right, prior to administration
of drugs, to be informed by the health professional who is
prescribing or administering the drug to her that any drug
which she receives during pregnancy, labor and birth that
there is no drug or chemical which has been proven safe for
the unborn child.
4. The pregnant patient has the right if cesarean
birth is anticipated, to be informed prior to the
administration of any drug, and preferably prior to
her hospitalization, that minimizing her and , in
turn, her baby’s intake of nonessential preoperative
medicine will benefit her baby.
5. The pregnant patient has the right, prior to the
administration of a drug or procedure, to be informed of
the areas of uncertainty if there is no properly controlled
follow-up research which has established the safety of the
drug or procedure with regard to its direct and indirect
effects on the physiological, mental and neurological
development of the child exposed.
6. Patient must be informed on the brand name and
generic name of the drug.
7. Right to determine herself, without pressure from
her attendant.
8. Right to know the name and qualifications of the
individual administering a medication or procedure.
9. Right to be informed of any procedure to be
administered to her or to her baby.
10. right to be accompanied during stress of labor and
birth.
11. Right after appropriate medical consultation to
choose a position for labor and for birth.
12. Right to have her baby cared for at her bedside if
her baby is normal.
13. Right to be informed in writing of the name of the
person who delivered her baby. (must be reflected in
the birth certificate)
14. Right to be informed if there is any known or indicated
aspect of her or her baby’s care which may may cause
later problem.
15. Right to have her and her baby’s record complete,
accurate and legible including the nurses’ notes. The
records offered to her before they are destroyed.
16. Right to have access to her complete hospital medical
records and to receive a copy upon payment of a
reasonable fee.
UNITED NATIONS
DECLARATION OF THE
RIGHTS OF THE CHILD
 PREAMBLE
Whereas the peoples of the
United Nations, have, in the charter,
reaffirmed their faith in fundamental
human rights, and in the dignity and
worth of the human person, and have
determined to promote social progress
and better standards of life in larger
freedom.
 Whereas the United Nation has, in the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights, proclaimed that everyone
is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth
therein, without distinction of any kind , such as race,
color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion,
national or social origin, property, birth or other status.
 Whereas the child, by reason of his physical and
mental immaturity, needs special safeguards and care,
including appropriate legal protection, before as well a
safter birth.
Whereas mankind owes to the child the best it has
to give.
Now therefore the General Assembly Proclaims
To recognize these rights
and strive for their observance by
legislative and other measures
progressively taken in accordance
with principles.
 PRINCIPLES
1. The child shall enjoy ALL the rights set forth in this
declaration.
2. The child shall enjoy special protection, and shall be
given opportunities and facilities, by law and by
other means.
3. The child shall be entitled from his birth to a name
and a nationality.
4. The child shall enjoy the benefits of social security.
The child shall have the right to adequate nutrition,
housing, recreation and medical services.
5. The child who is physically, mentally or socially
handicapped shall be given the special treatment,
education and care required by his condition.
6. The child, for the full and harmonious development
of his personality, needs love and understanding.
Society and the public authorities shall have the duty
to extend particular care to children without family.
7. The child entitled to receive education, which shall
be free and compulsory, at least in the elementary
stages.
8. The child shall in all circumstances be among the
first to receive protection and relief.
9. The child shall be protected against all forms of
neglect, cruelty and exploitation.
10. The child shall be protected from practices which
may foster racial, religious and any other form of
discrimination.
 END
Thank You
For Listening!
☺
REFERENCE:
• World Health Organization
• Department of Health
• Philippine Nurses Association Inc.
• Maternal and Child Nursing 9th Edition
by Novak & Broom (Pages 977-980)