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OP
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ART AND CREATIVITY

1
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OVERVIEW
Module 1 gives a basic understanding of art, its definition, nature and importance, and
the different ways it functions in societies and cultures. It covers the following topics:
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• What is Art? Introduction and Assumptions

• The Nature, Purposes and Functions of Art
• Art Appreciation, Art Creativity, Imagination and Expression
• Art Forms and Classification

MODULE OUTCOMES
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Upon finishing this module, you must have:

• explained the nature, purposes, and functions of art;

• characterized the assumptions of art;
• created an artwork that illustrates your aesthetic ideas of art; and
• classified the different types of art based on your research or personal experiences.

V.C. Arenas 6 ART MATTERS: Art Appreciation Learning Modules

DISCLAIMER
This module is owned by ISAT University, unauthorized reproduction or distribution
without the consent of the university or of the module writer is prohibited.
 LESSON 1
WHAT IS ART? INTRODUCTION AND ASSUMPTIONS

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What is the first thing that comes to your mind when you hear the word art? For
many people, art is usually a painting, a photograph, a sculpture, a poem or a song. In
this lesson, you will examine the definition of and assumptions about art to clarify some
popular misconceptions about it.

LESSON OUTCOMES

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At the end of the lesson, you must have:
• formulated your own definition of art;
• explained the nature of art;
• characterized the assumptions of art; and
• clarified some misconceptions about art.

ACTIVITY

OP
TWITTER CHALLENGE
NC
The American press has called President Donald Trump “Twitter-in-Chief”
because of his penchant for making tweets. Let’s see if you can challenge and unseat
him in this aspect.
Since we are all urged to take care of our physical and mental well-being, try to
amuse yourself by creating tweets for each of the following pictures. Write your tweets
in your journal. You may also share them to your classmates and friends.
Use your imagination. Be very creative.
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LUA

timtim.com deviantart.com vectorstock.com

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freepik.com geography.com

V.C. Arenas 7 ART MATTERS: Art Appreciation Learning Modules

DISCLAIMER
This module is owned by ISAT University, unauthorized reproduction or distribution
without the consent of the university or of the module writer is prohibited.
 PRELIMINARY IDEAS
Read the following narrative and answer the question that follows in your journal.
ART PUZZLE: ROCK OF AGES
A famous Ilonggo sculptor visited
the scenic Sabtang Island for a much-
needed break from his hectic life in
Manila. Sabtang Island is located in the
province of Batanes, the northernmost
part of the country. The island is known for
its pristine beaches, steep mountains and
deep canyons, making it an ideal place to
recharge.
OP
One day, while on a trek to the
mountains with local guides, the sculptor
DISCUSSION
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WHAT IS ART?
How would you define ‘art’?
To most people, art is a specific
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thing – a painting, sculpture or photograph,
a dance, a poem, or a play. Art is all
of these things, and more. They are
mediums or means of artistic expression.
As stated in Merriam-Webster Dictionary
(n.d.), Art is, “the conscious use of skill
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and creative imagination especially in
the production of aesthetic objects.”
Nonetheless, art is much more than a
medium, or words on a page, or lyrics of
a song.
Art is derived from the Latin word artis,
which translates to skill, craftsmanship,
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mastery of form, inventiveness, a
relationship between form and ideas
or between materials and techniques.
Art is also rooted in the Aryan word, ar,
which means “to join” or “put together”.
The Greeks have terms, “artizein” or to
prepare and “arkiskein”, meaning to “put
together” (Ariola, 2014).
V.C. Arenas
DISCLAIMER
This module is owned by ISAT University, unauthorized reproduction or distribution
without the consent of the university or of the module writer is prohibited.
NLY
chanced upon an unusual piece of rock.
He was so fascinated by its shape and
color that he decided to take it. Aided by
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his guides, they were able to bring it to his
lodging place.
When he returned home to Manila,
he brought the rock and displayed it in his
art gallery and labeled it, “Rock of Ages”.
The question is: Can the rock be
considered a work of art? Why or why
not?
Art is a human activity that is deeply
intertwined with history and culture. From
primitive societies to modern man, art has
survived as a form of expression, allowing
us to feel wide ranges of emotion – from
sorrow to joy, despair to hope, or confusion
to clarity. Artworks also remind us of our
past, keep us grounded in our present
and make us hope for a brighter future.
For as long as there are people, there is
art because art is always something that
is created by people.
The beginnings of art can be
traced back to the times when beliefs in the
spirits and the supernatural are common
cultural practices. Art forms prevalent
in this era included tribal music, dances
and paintings related to religious rites and
ceremonies. Unearthed artifacts showed
the gods and goddesses worshipped by
tribesmen and the animals they used for
religious practices. Ancient cave paintings
also chronicled the lives of prehistoric
people.
8 ART MATTERS: Art Appreciation Learning Modules
 A true work of art is not an imitation • art must be beneficial to man; and
but a unique human creation that is • art must be manifested using a certain
meant to evoke emotion. Art teaches us medium or material by which the

refinement for it enables us to value and
appreciate beautiful things as a result of
our encounters with artworks.
Art can mean different things to
different people. How we define art may
be a result of many things – our culture,
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artist (the maker) communicates with
others.
It takes a lot of skill, dedication and
experience to create a truly great art. To
determine whether or not something is a

YO
work of art requires that:
the kind of society we live in, our personal
experiences, education, etc. Though our
1. The object or event is made by an
understanding of art may differ, there are
artist.
four common threads essential to it.
These are: 2. The object or event is intended to be a
work of art by its maker or creator.

OP
• art must be a human creation;
• art must be a product of creativity, not 3. It is recognized as important or a work
an imitation; of art by experts in the field.

THINK ABOUT IT
NC
Determine whether or not each image is an example of art. Answer in your journal.
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freeart.com freeart.com unsplash.com

1 2 3
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pixabay.com pixabay.com pixabay.com

4 5 6

V.C. Arenas 9 ART MATTERS: Art Appreciation Learning Modules

DISCLAIMER
This module is owned by ISAT University, unauthorized reproduction or distribution
without the consent of the university or of the module writer is prohibited.
 WRITE ABOUT IT

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Write a brief response to the questions below. Use only one
page of your journal.

• What is your personal experience with art?

• Who introduced you to art? Is it your family? Is it your school?
Is it your friends? Is it your own observations?

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• Have you made an artwork? Are you currently making one?
If so, what kind?
• What is your own definition of art?

LESSON 2
THE NATURE, IMPORTANCE AND FUNCTIONS OF ART

LESSON OUTCOMES
OP
NC
At the end of this lesson, you must have:

• explained the nature and characteristics of art;

• enumerated specific functions of art;
• cited various importance of art; and
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• correlated the linkages of art to personal and community

development.

PRELIMINARY IDEAS
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RECREATING ART
Below are images recreated from original works of art. They were made by
some people during the height of COVID-19 pandemic.
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boredpanda.com boredpanda.com twistedsifter.com

V.C. Arenas 10 ART MATTERS: Art Appreciation Learning Modules

DISCLAIMER
This module is owned by ISAT University, unauthorized reproduction or distribution
without the consent of the university or of the module writer is prohibited.
 THE POWER OF ART
The Warehouse Arts District is located in that actively help in the revival of the
the center of downtown St. Petersburg, community. It has prompted an increase in

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Florida, U.S.A. It was once an industrial economy, tourism, and cultural diversity.
zone, with broken-down warehouses
and buildings for industries specializing
in manufacturing. The district gradually
changed when Duncan McClellan, a
renowned glass artist, opened his gallery.

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In late 2011, a group of artists and local
business leaders gathered and discussed
the possibility of creating a cultural hub
for artists. Eventually, the Warehouse
Arts District Association (WADA) was
warehouseartsdistrictstpete.org
established. Presently, WADA provides
support to the artists from local and Cite a work of art (e.g. a sculpture, a

OP
neighboring states through a wide range
of programs. WADA also created the Arts
Exchange to house affordable studios
for struggling artists. Today, WADA
is composed of over 300 businesses
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DISCUSSION
building or structure, a novel, etc.) that
has greatly influenced the community
or the society. Write a one-paragraph
description about your chosen artwork
in your journal.

IMPORTANCE OF ART religion, and gender. It evokes human

feelings and sentiments and forces people
The significance of art is limitless. to think, feel, inspire and act. This is why
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Art is what makes us human. It is part of art is a powerful tool for social change.
our everyday lives. It is everywhere. The
furniture in your house, your bags, the Art is a reminder of the values we hold
gadgets you use – someone designed dear. It makes us realize that even though
them for a purpose. we may all come from different walks of life,
there are some things that are undeniably
Everything around us has
been created for a specific purpose common to all of us like love, friendship,
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by somebody who has passion for art.
Through an architect’s artistic vision,
houses, schools and workplaces are
built. There is always a creative individual
behind the music we listen to, the trendy
dance challenges we groove into and the
food we enjoy.
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and freedom. It makes us realize the
importance of pursuing our passion and
self-expression. At the end of the day, we
can say that art makes us better persons
by making us think intensely, feel deeper,
and do something rather than nothing at
all.

Art is timeless. Art remains even

though its creator has long been gone. It CHARACTERISTICS OF ART
records history by revealing imprints of
the past. Art reinforces our relationships Art: Concept or Fact?
with people because it brings us together.
Likewise, it destroys barriers that separate Art is either a concept or a fact.
us from one another. Art is beyond politics, As a concept or an idea, art needs to be
language, economic and social class, understood by the perceiver. Though we
V.C. Arenas 11 ART MATTERS: Art Appreciation Learning Modules
DISCLAIMER
This module is owned by ISAT University, unauthorized reproduction or distribution
without the consent of the university or of the module writer is prohibited.
may have our own idea of what an art is,
we cannot confine an art’s definition to
ours as it comes from a man’s ideas and
emotions. As a fact, art is observable. We
process an artwork through our senses.
With this, art is considered to be any
creative work that can easily be described
through observing the different mediums
used by the artist and the context in which
it was produced.
Art and Experience
Experience is essential to art as it makes
art appreciation possible. An experience is
something that affects one’s life. Notably,
persons affected by art experience are:
1. the person of the artist; and
2. the person of the recipient
OP
NC
Characteristics of Experience
1. Experience must be personal and
distinct. It should not be the same as that
of any other individual.
2. It goes along with emotion or emotional
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response. You either like it or not.
Artist vs. Craftsman
Initially, the word art meant skill,
ability, or craft (corresponding to the
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Greek techne from which we derive the
words like technical and technique). In
olden times, a “work of art” was anything
that uses skill or craft in its creation. By the
middle of the 17th century, the definition
of “work of art” evolved into fine or high art
(Ariola, M., 2014).
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The artisan or the craftsman
does not necessarily produce original
works. He is rather adequate at his own
work by successfully carrying out a set of
rules. Thus, a work of craft is considered
acceptable if it meets the desired
V.C. Arenas
DISCLAIMER
This module is owned by ISAT University, unauthorized reproduction or distribution
without the consent of the university or of the module writer is prohibited.
standards and purpose. In contrast, an
artist must be creative and original. Fine
art is not an imitation from set rules. Artists
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are considered prodigies going beyond
norms and conventions.
Characteristics of Artworks
Several characteristics of an artwork are
as follows:
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1. They are created or man-made.
2. They are universal (everywhere).
Whenever and wherever we
are, art will always be present. In cities,
towns, provinces, here or abroad, there
is art. Every day, we see art in the
different structures – schools, houses,
malls, churches, etc. When we open our
wardrobes, we see the fashionable colors,
designs and textures of our clothes. We
also see art through the different fixtures
in our homes. Art exists at all times in all
shapes and sizes. Some works of art can
leave us in awe while others do not.
3. They are united (unity).
Fundamentally, our relationship with art
is linked with our emotions and feelings.
Upon seeing a picture, one may be
captivated and feel an array of emotions
or thoughts. As a result, a person’s
response is largely emotional.
4. They are diversified.
Art shows a significant amount of variety,
not only in its essence but also in
materials and forms. Artists are shaped
by the world they live in, and their work
is a manifestation of it. There are no rules
that can govern either the formation or
appreciation of art. As art continues to
evolve, artists and critics would always
have contrasting guidelines to disprove
12 ART MATTERS: Art Appreciation Learning Modules
 one another. Hence, experts in the field
must consider the historical context of an
artwork when assessing it. They should
base their evaluation on the popular tools
and techniques used during the time the
artwork was created and the artist lived.
5. They are expressive.
All art forms must effectively show the
FUNCTIONS OF ART
As cited by Caslib, et al. (2018), the
functions of art are typically categorized
OP
into three: physical, social, and personal.
These classifications can and often
overlap in any given piece of art.
1. The personal functions of art, which
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focuses only on the art and the individual,
are the most difficult to explain in any
great detail. There are many of them,
and they vary from person to person.
Examples of these functions are limited to
the following:
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a. Order – gives order to a chaotic
and disorderly personal situation.
b. Chaotic – disrupts, disturbs, or
creates restlessness when the artist
feels life is too boring, staid and
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ordinary
c. Therapeutic – pertains to both
the artist and the viewer. For example,
the choice of music for the mentally
disturbed patients, for clients in a
fitness club, or for cancer patients in
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hospitals.
d. Religious and Spiritual
e. Biological – refers to ways of
adorning and decorating ourselves to
be attractive enough to others.
V.C. Arenas
DISCLAIMER
This module is owned by ISAT University, unauthorized reproduction or distribution
without the consent of the university or of the module writer is prohibited.
artist’s beliefs, emotions, and experiences.
6. They are creative.
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The artist’s creativity and originality are
reflected in his/her work of art.
7. Works of art are timeless.
Individuals have always made art. Art
began with the beginning of man.
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2. Art has social functions (art and
society). This is apparent when it
addresses aspects of collective life,
as opposed to an individual’s view. Art
performs social function when:
a. Influences Social
Behavior (Collective Behavior)
Many works of art influence our
thinking and subsequently, our actions.
One example is Jose Rizal’s Noli Me
Tangere. The novel is considered by
many as instrumental in sowing the seeds
of nationalism which led the Filipinos
to aspire for independence against the
Spanish regime. Art therefore, can be a
vehicle for social change.
b. Display and Celebration
Sculptures and paintings are used
to commemorate iconic individuals in our
society. Statues honoring our national
heroes often grace our parks and plazas.
Meanwhile, rituals like weddings and
baptism do not only play an important role
in our lives but have also influenced the
growth of arts.
Art objects such as paintings,
sculptures, textiles and masks have
symbolic meanings. They often play a role
in beliefs and rituals. For instance, many
13 ART MATTERS: Art Appreciation Learning Modules
devotees and pilgrims flock the statue of Fernando Amorsolo frequently portray the
Our Lady of Manaog in Pangasinan as the lives of people in rural areas. His popular
figure is known to be a great intercessor works include paintings of Filipinos

in times of need. Objects like this are
considered to have a social agency
because of the link they create between
an individual perception and a physical
manifestation.
The meanings we place on art
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planting and harvesting rice, and lending
a helping hand through carrying wooden
houses which highlight the value of unity,
camaraderie and the bayanihan spirit
among Filipinos.
Art imparts important ideas about

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objects change as societies grow and our culture, may it be politics or religion.
cultural practices evolve. Art has served Art forms like songs, films, stories or
religion. In the early centuries, the Church
images in paintings have become vehicles
was the primary patron of the artists. Even
in transmitting and preserving knowledge
until now, the primary purpose of art is
and skills from one generation to another.
religious or ceremonial and propaganda
or social commentary.

c. Festivals

Festivals involve some form of

OP 4. The physical (utilitarian) functions
of art are easy to understand. When
works of art that are made for service or
utility, they have physical functions. The
NC
rituals, and these in turn, employ arts. intended function of an object determines
Examples are Sinulog in Cebu, Moriones the form that it takes.
Festival in Marinduque, Ati-Atihan in
Kalibo, and Dinagyang in Iloilo. In architecture, the design of a
building is based primarily on its intended
3. Cultural functions. operational function. For instance, a
church generally requires a big hall for
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Artworks give glimpses of how people the congregation to gather. With such
think, feel, and live during a particular requirement, the size of the building, the
historical period. For example, the location of doors, windows and other
paintings of the late national artist facilities are also determined.

ACTIVITY
LUA

Try to draw your emotion. What would it be like? Do this on a piece of paper.

ASSESSMENT EVIDENCE
EVA

Answer the following questions in one-whole sheet of paper.

1. List down five ways in which art contributes to the spiritual and
physical wellbeing of man.
2. What are some characteristics of art? Enumerate.
3. What are some functions of art in the context of enhancing yourself
as a student? Limit answer to 10 sentences or less.

V.C. Arenas 14 ART MATTERS: Art Appreciation Learning Modules

DISCLAIMER
This module is owned by ISAT University, unauthorized reproduction or distribution
without the consent of the university or of the module writer is prohibited.
 LESSON 3
ART APPRECIATION, ART CREATIVITY, IMAGINATION AND EXPRESSION

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"Imagination is more important than knowledge. For knowledge is limited,
whereas imagination embraces the entire world, stimulating progress, giving
birth to evolution." -Albert Einstein
Theoretical physicist Albert Einstein, born in 1879 and died in 1955, was named “Person
of the Century” by the Time Magazine in 1999 in recognition to his outstanding scientific and
humanitarian contribution. The German descent scientist is famous for his Theory of Relativity

YO
which transformed our knowledge of space, time, gravity, and the universe (Golden, F., 1999).

Indeed, as Einstein said, there is no limit to what we can imagine. Imagination fuels the
creative spirit in us to produce something we call art.

In this lesson, you will learn the importance of imagination and the roles of imagination
and creativity in art. How are they connected? Can a great piece of art be possible without
imagination?

LESSON OUTCOMES
At the end of the lesson, you must have:
OP
• discussed how to develop appreciation for the arts;
NC
• characterized artistic expression based on personal experiences with art; and
• created an art portfolio that expressed aesthetic ideas on art with the use of skills
and imagination.

ACTIVITY
TIO

ANO’NG HUGOT MO?

What are your best pick-up lines or hugot lines on the following subjects?
Write them in your journal.
on family on friendship on love or relationship on education
LUA

WHAT DO YOU SEE?

EVA

onextrapixel.com onextrapixel.com hubpages.com

1 2 3
Look closely at each picture above and determine what you see in each of
them. Write your answers in your journal.

V.C. Arenas 15 ART MATTERS: Art Appreciation Learning Modules

DISCLAIMER
This module is owned by ISAT University, unauthorized reproduction or distribution
without the consent of the university or of the module writer is prohibited.
 DISCUSSION
ART APPRECIATION
Art appreciation is the ability to
interpret or understand arts and enjoy
them. Our appreciation of art may come
from actual work experiences with art
tools and materials or from owning or
possessing artworks for our enjoyment.
Art appreciation can also be
defined as “the knowledge of the general
and everlasting qualities that classify
all great art.” It can be objective as it
entails analysis of an artwork without
reference to subject matter, symbolism
OP
or historical context. Art appreciation can
also be subjective since it is dependent
on personal preference or on the basis
of social and cultural acceptance (Ariola,
2014).
Experience is said to be the
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best teacher. Hence, in cultivating our
appreciation for the arts, we need to
expose ourselves to fine and beautiful
things which will make us better individuals
by allowing us to have a more refined
manner and taste.
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ACQUAINTANCE WITH ART
To have a better understanding and
appreciation of art works, we need to
understand the two objective aspects of
art:
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1. Form – focuses on the physical
and visible aspects present in the work of
art such as the actual size of the art piece,
the medium used, the kind of art (e.g.
painting, drawing, sculpture, etc.) and
descriptions of compositional elements
(e.g. lines, shapes and colors).
2. Content – pertains to the
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artwork’s subject matter, meaning or
theme. It gives us a clue to what it
communicates.
Context of Art
Apart from form and content,
context is also important in understanding
V.C. Arenas
DISCLAIMER
This module is owned by ISAT University, unauthorized reproduction or distribution
without the consent of the university or of the module writer is prohibited.
NLY
and appreciation of art pieces. Context
refers to a viewer’s response to an artwork
and to the conditions or circumstances
that affect the creation of an art piece. The
following are the different contexts used
by people to create and respond to art:
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1. Artist’s Background – refers to
personal circumstances like age, gender,
culture, social and economic background,
etc.
2. Nature – can be the source
of materials for creating art or can be an
inspiration to draw upon.
3. Everyday Life – can be a source
of inspiration to artist in creating a piece of
art.
4. Society, Politics, Economy and
History – are aspects that can influence
the creative process. For example, art
can be a political propaganda to influence
society while technological innovations led
to new ways of expressing art.
5. Mode of Reception – pertains to
when, where and how art is encountered.
CREATIVITY AND IMAGINATION
We don’t need to understand art
to enjoy it. We can simply experience it.
However, our experiences in art becomes
better and more enriched if we understand
the piece.
The source of all art is human
imagination, or creative thinking.
Science and technology also come from
creative thinking (Reavis, C., 2020).
Creativity is the ability to create or
produce something new that has value or
importance. However, creating something
new is not enough. A product must have
some relevance, or could pave the way to
new ways of thinking.
Imagination vs. Creativity
Creative activity aims to do
something purposeful or something of
value while imagination is thinking about
16 ART MATTERS: Art Appreciation Learning Modules
 something that is not present (e.g. person, begin with a problem or issue to be
object, event, situation, etc.). resolved. This stage needs study,
Five traits that define creativity observation, or research

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1. Associating • Planning (calculation) – This is the
decision-making phase. Activities
This refers to the ability to draw parallel may include election of materials,
connections across seemingly unrelated techniques to use and refinement of
fields or concepts. visual elements.

2. Questioning • Communication (execution) – The

artist must ensure that quality of

YO
This includes scrutinizing or persistently
probing the status quo by asking questions
such as “Why do things function as they
do now?” and “How and why do things
change or evolve?”
3. Observing
workmanship and integrity is achieved
during the actual implementation or
production of the project.
When can we say that something is
creative?

OP
This pertains to the objective study of
situations or events to gain new insights
or new ways of thinking and doing.
• when it is unique or something we
have not seen before
• when it is unusual or totally different

4. Networking • when it is not just a copy or imitation of

NC
someone’s work
A manifestation of this trait is the …THERE IS ORIGINALITY
willingness to interact with others and
learn from them.
ART EXPRESSION
5. Experimenting
There are no set rules or guidelines
This involves exploring other options to express yourself. Art is meant to be the
TIO

through actual testing, building templates, way the artist wants it to be since he/she
and taking them apart for analysis and is the principal author of the artwork. No
further improvement. matter what form art takes, whether it be a
painting, sculpture, dance or music — it is
still the choice of the artist to decide how
The Creative Formula to express himself/herself. Other forms
of artistic expression include film, poem,
• Spark (inspiration) – A spark may story, sculpture, photograph, etc.
LUA

ACTIVITY

From the Earth to the Moon is a funny, science fantasy story written by Jules
Verne in 1865. Considered as one of the earliest novels in this genre, the story centers
on three prosperous members of a post-American Civil War gun club who created
EVA

a huge upward facing columbiad which transported them from earth to the moon.
Despite the author’s lack of emperical data on space travel, some figures mentioned
in his novel were proven accurate (Wikipedia.org, n.d.). A century after the story was
published, American astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first man to land on the
moon on July 20, 1969.

Your task is to write about a work of art that has inspired scientific or technological
advances.
V.C. Arenas 17 ART MATTERS: Art Appreciation Learning Modules
DISCLAIMER
This module is owned by ISAT University, unauthorized reproduction or distribution
without the consent of the university or of the module writer is prohibited.
 ASSESSMENT EVIDENCE

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This exercise is a challenge to your creativity. You are to simply incorporate the
lines, dots, and figures inside the frame to make your own artwork.

YO
OP
NC
TIO
LUA
EVA

V.C. Arenas 18 ART MATTERS: Art Appreciation Learning Modules

DISCLAIMER
This module is owned by ISAT University, unauthorized reproduction or distribution
without the consent of the university or of the module writer is prohibited.
 LESSON 4
CLASSIFICATION AND FORMS OF ART

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Can you imagine a world without art? A world where there is no music to listen
to, no books to read, no paintings or sculpture to gaze in awe and wonder. Quite
impossible, isn’t it?

People are social beings with an innate need to relate with one another and
express themselves in various mediums. Art is a medium to express our thoughts,

YO
feelings, imagination and creativity. Art is expressed in so many ways. It comes in
forms.

LESSON OUTCOMES

OP
At the end of the lesson, you must have:

• distinguished the different categories of art;

• cited various examples of art forms; and
• created an artwork that relates to who you are.
NC
ACTIVITY

ALL ABOUT ME
Complete each statement with the very first idea that comes to your mind. Write them
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in your journal.

1. I am

2. I think

3. I love
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4. I hate

5. I wish

6. I dream of

7. I believe
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8. I cry

9. I laugh

10. I feel

V.C. Arenas 19 ART MATTERS: Art Appreciation Learning Modules

DISCLAIMER
This module is owned by ISAT University, unauthorized reproduction or distribution
without the consent of the university or of the module writer is prohibited.
 PRELIMINARY IDEAS

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ARTISTIC EXPRESSIONS
How do you express yourself when you are happy, sad, angry or feeling lonely?
How do you react when you are in love or when you passed all your subjects? Ponder
on these questions.

The following images and objects depict some of the ways in which art is
expressed.

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123rf.com
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clipartguide.com 123rf.com
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TIO

123rf.com dreamstime.com depositphotos.com

DISCUSSION
CATEGORIES OF ARTS FORMS
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The “arts” refer to the theory,
human application and physical expression
of creativity found in human cultures and
societies through skills and imagination in
order to produce objects, environments,
and experiences (Wikipedia Encyclopedia).
When we say, the “arts”, we
usually mean various activities made with
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2. Minor Arts. These include decorative
arts, popular arts, graphic arts, plastic arts
and industrial arts.
Other authors have classified arts
according to purpose. In this regard, the
arts then can be:
1. Fine Arts. They are created purposely to
delight the senses, specifically the sense of

skill and imagination and these include:
Architecture, Sculpture, Painting,
Literature, Music, Performing, and Film.
Traditionally, the arts are grouped into:
1. Major Arts. Architecture, painting,
sculpture, music, dance, theater, literature
and cinema fall under the category of
major arts.
hearing and sense of sight.
2. Practical Arts. The major intent is to
develop works of art that are for utility and
service.
The skills in one field may overlap
in another field, thus, we may find in some
references that arts is classified broadly in
following categories:

V.C. Arenas 20 ART MATTERS: Art Appreciation Learning Modules

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 VISUAL ARTS
The arts we perceive with our
eyes, such as drawing, graphics, painting,
sculpture, architecture, photography and
the decorative arts are called visual.
A drawing can be a representation
of any form or object by hand through
the medium of pencil, pen, charcoal, etc.
Drawings are not necessarily illustrations
of what we see around us. They can also
be abstract, showing certain emotions and
ideas that are in the mind of the artist and
which are open to interpretation.
Paintings are categorized
according to the style in which they are
made, the genre and the main object of the
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painting. Still life, seascapes, landscapes,
pop art and abstract are the various types
of painting genres that are favored by most
artists.
The kind of medium used (e.g. oil
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colors, pastels, water colors, charcoal, etc.)
and the surface that is painted on (e.g.
canvas, paper, etc.) affect how the painting
would look.
Sculpture is a three-dimensional
art form and is classified as a visual art.
Sculpture uses mediums like clay, stone,
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wood, metal, etc. to produce sculptural
pieces. Essentially, a sculpture can be made
in two ways. Clay sculpture is formed bit by
bit into a particular shape and structure while
a sculpture can be also made by chiseling
and carving a wooden block, metal or stone.
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Photography is the art of producing
an image of an object on a photographic
film. The resulting image may differ from one
photographer to another due to the skill and
the technique used in capturing an object.
There are different types of photography
and may range from fashion photography,
wildlife photography, food photography to
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wedding photography and more.
Applied art is under the field of
visual art and it can be described as art that
has practical application. It may include
beautification of cars, homes, offices, other
structures, environment, etc. Architecture is
a form of applied art.
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This module is owned by ISAT University, unauthorized reproduction or distribution
without the consent of the university or of the module writer is prohibited.
Architecture pertains to designing
and constructing structures or buildings for
a particular function. To be considered as
architecture, buildings should embody the
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three elements of (1) plan, (2) construction
and (3) design.
PERFORMANCE ARTS
Performance Art is a live art and the
medium can be a part or the whole human
body which the artist uses to perform. It also
makes use of other visual art, props, sound,
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light, etc.
Under this category are theatre,
play, dance, and music. The different forms
under performance arts include opera,
magic shows, circus, carnivals, and mimes.
They make use of other visual art, props,
sound, light, etc.
Performance art consists of four
elements: (1) time, (2) place where
performance is held, (3) performer or the
performer’s body, and (4) the relationship
between performer and the audience.
Music uses sound of different
pitches to compose songs. When performed,
it can appeal to both visual and auditory
senses.
Dance is a series of movements that
follow the rhythm of musical accompaniment.
The body or parts of the body are used as a
medium of expression. Dance has no rules
and even with choreography, dancers are
not confined to set steps and rules; they can
be free to create their own movements.
Play can refer to both the written
texts of playwrights and the complete
theatrical performance. Theater, on the
other hand is the actual production of a play.
It presents interpretation of a play.
LITERARY ARTS
The Literary Arts pertain to
written communications using words in
any language. There are many activities
comprising this category of the arts. These
are writing, editing, critiquing, teaching,
reviewing, and other similar activities related
to written communication. There are four
main literary genres.
Poetry. Poems are written for many
purposes: to explain feelings, to tell a story
or to describe something. They are made up
of words to create a picture in our minds.
21 ART MATTERS: Art Appreciation Learning Modules
 They are written in lines and stanzas Drama is a written work intended
instead of sentences and paragraphs. Most to be performed in front of an audience. It
poems are free-flowing while others follow contains dialogue, and actors impersonate
strict rules as to the number and length of the characters. It is usually broken up into

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lines and stanzas. They can be serious or acts or scenes, and uses props or imaginative
funny. dialogue to create a visual experience for the
audience. Examples are: tragedy, comedy,
A lot of poems are abundant in melodrama, musical and historical. Play is
figurative language. Simile, metaphor, a written work meant for theater. It narrates
hyperbole, onomatopoeia, alliteration, a story through dialogues of characters and
rhyme, and much more, are a number of is divided into acts and scenes. The writers
devices used in poetry to evoke imagination, convey their feelings, emotions, and ideas

emotions, and heartfelt ideas.
Fiction is any written work in the
form of prose and is based on the author’s
imagination or inspired by some real-life
situation. Unlike poetry, fiction is much
more structured. It is written in sentences
and paragraphs complete with proper
punctuation and grammar, making it a prose.
Anything can be a subject of fiction which
can take place in the present, the future, or
the past.
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Nonfiction is the third broad literary
genre. Nonfiction is not fake since it comes
from real life. Non-fiction works are all based
in real-world experiences. Some examples
include journals, diaries, biographies,
autobiographies, and essays.
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YO
through their characters and make them act
and speak.
POPULAR ARTS
Popular art is the art of popular
culture. It includes film, newspaper,
magazine, comic book, advertising ads,
radio and television. Usually the subjects
are popular images, even ordinary ones
since it intends to appeal to ordinary people.
Film is a category of popular arts. It is
the art of putting together succession of still
images to create an illusion of movement.
It can be created using movie camera,
animation techniques, computer-generated
images (CGI) and more. Filmmaking is a
complex art that involves many elements
such as acting, lighting, musical score,
visual effects, direction, etc.

THINK ABOUT IT

Create an artwork that best represents yourself. Tell us about your work in
your journal using 75 words or less.
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ASSESSMENT EVIDENCE

Complete the table by identifying 10 forms of art in your home or in your school.
To which category of art does each one belong?
ART FORM CATEGORY OF ART
1.
2.
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3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

V.C. Arenas 22 ART MATTERS: Art Appreciation Learning Modules

DISCLAIMER
This module is owned by ISAT University, unauthorized reproduction or distribution
without the consent of the university or of the module writer is prohibited.