Jonrnnl of Canine Det cloprncnt & Rcscalch 200g

\irl. (5) 7- l0

PRE\'ALENTCE OF REPRODTJC]TIVE
CONDITIOn.'S IN BI,T'CHES

. Nagarr, GN.purohirr and J.S.r\Iehtal

r..lcpartmcnt of Animal Rcproduction
c,vniiccorogy ancr obstctrics
cotcgc of'\'crcrinary' and Animar scicnc.-, timnci-
i:+ 00r (Rai.)

ABSTRACT

Rclrospcctivc ada oI thc bitcltcs (rr= I (r'1) prcscu tccl to f h.c

J-vsis
oul.oor gynaccorogy anrl obsrcrrics
bcrrvccrr 9n-i to 2005 rvas donc- Thc
t 'ctcrinar.1.'
i.''.rnr ri.,j,,.;;;r;;r:;;;iacia
(rr= | T), psuccr'prcgn.rrc;- (rr=*Ji. preg,rarrcy,tirrirl ('= r g). vrrgi'ar rrruors
,-.11r",.. i;;;l;'r;;;,,.rr'(rr*_52). ancsr^rs (n*r())
attdsttbin'oltrtiottof'pluccrrtalsitesln"'orrju,as
lt.JB9l, 10.3(r?/0. ir.!tlt. 2s.lg.a,31.j9,o,(i.()9?,;and
3'65?i tc'spcctii'cl-t'' The brceds ol'birchcs prr'serrrc,.t
i'cluc[.cl cernrarr sircphcrcl. por,g,r.rrriar,
Danc' D<lbfitttlttt attd rto'ctescript br.-eds. Ar'orrgst cre;rt
rlrc d,vsrocia cascs,.lcrinc incrtia was rhe
ctlnlntorlcll causs tltat was tr.eatcd bv ilrjections
of.orvtocin irrr-:0 lu. im), calciulrr gluconale ancl
rlcx{rt'rsc, ir'losr bircrrcs t.1615r) s.fibring tioru
;r\0,,,r,,:, o|agr arrd courd tre
trcatc(j by irriectiolrs of'prostitgllndin. Howevcr.
a high".;.i;i,;;r;"s-,,,1..u*
lictirrcncl,(22i53i ol'bitchcs hacl ro be
oy.tcr;rtcd bculrrsc o{'rrolr rcsponse ro {hcfapy
ol rclapscs. a t.c,r, (iil2i bitcJrcs clicd cluc 10 tittal
pcrit0nitis dti'ilig or alicr'surgerv. Trlr'sr'isslbL-
r'ugirral ru*Ll' wirs the co'r'r0ncst ( ili
ltuttor lb lltrl cd bi, liLu onra {.lr | 7.} arrd Ipcma (2,, I 7 l7) vaginal
).

Kc1'\1',rrls: Ilitt:ir carrirrcs, incidcnrc, rc;lrocluitrvc, rrisortiers.

fhc tluc incidcrrcc of rcproducrivc disordcrs
II l11 canlncs continuc to be sparscly
dcscribcd possibly bccausc of a Iargc nunrbc.r
of brr-cds, a srrrall numbe r ofbrccding kcnncls
ancl a rclucfant-c of kcnncl orvncrs in clisclosin,r
tlrc incjdcricc of problcrrs. N.1ost of' rhl
inlonlatiou cin rcprlrcluctivc problcrns havc
cnranirtc.cl fii:rl rhc cascs prcscnted tcl thc
ccnirLr (Gatrdorro bt ul .,1993, Bcnnur et ql._
2001a: .loscph u a\.,20A5; purohir arrd lr.{chra,
:006). This paper dcscribes the rclariye
ticrlircncics of rcproductivc disordcrs in bitchcs
1;rcscrrlcct to thc dt-.pitr.trncnt of vctcrinary
obstctrics and gy,naccology bctu,ccn l9g5 to
100-i ('Lrtrlc I ).
iPh.D. Schollr.. jAssi.stant
Profcssor (Sclt-.ctron scrlc)
Vctcro mcdical rccor-ds of the birchcs prcscntccJ
to f hc vctcrinary obstctrics and gl,naccology
clinics br.rwecfl l98i to 2005 we rc scrccncd
fbl thc type ofproblcm, therapics givcn and th!.
outconrc of thc thcr.apy,. Rctt.ospcctit,c scrutiny
o1'thc nrcdical records of'rhc bitches (n: l6a)
rcvcalcd that nrost bitchcs (36.5?,o) r"vcrc
rcftrral rc:fcrrrt:d tirr. pliysiolosic rcasons incluctins
in c I ud.i g, prcgnancy diagrrosis, prcven
r r
tion oi
nusirttrancc or brccding advice (rotal 25.096).
Bitchcs brought lbr cstrus relbrcnce werc
sivelr
advicc t-:n thc basis of r,aginal .ytoiog.r,.
Prcgrrancl,cranrinarion could bc ilonc rv;th hrgh
efficacy fi'onr rhc ycar ?001
ryhen
ul trasonography bccanrc available. pr:evious
 Jorrrnal of Claninc f)ei,clopmcnt & Rcscarch 200g
lr.'prlrfs (Gandotrir ct al., 1993; Joscph ct al..
?00-5; Purohit and |r.tchra, 3006) also showcd
that nrtlst ccrturrroul)' bjtchcs rvcrc re lcrrecl to
rcfcrral ccntrcs tbr phvsiologic conditions
inclurling plcgl)ancv diagnosis and brccding
aclvicc (33.7 % and ?B.29zii rcspcctivclv, Joseph
ct al , 3005).
Aruongst tltcr palhological conditions thc nrost
conrnlon disordc't' \\,as p),omctra (3 1.7%).
llitchr:s rvith a histor y ofpyomctra rvcrc having
a histoly o{t higli rcmpcrature, r,aginal pus
dischargc and a conctlmitant vonritiorr not
fc)^poncling f o rcrutirrc antienrctic thc.rapy. 'l-hc
agu o{'thcsc bitclics rvas bcnl'ccn 8- l0 vcars
rirr(l orr thcrapv witlr cithcr 12.5 irg im of a
priistaglnnciin ( I nj.Prostodin. Astra-Zcncca,
lndia) for 2-.i da1's or, a progcstcronc rcccptor
lrluckcr, nril'cprisronc l0Q-200 mg orally clail;.
tbr -l-7 days alongwith antitriotics, nlosr bitchcs
lccovcrcd. I'lowcver', in 42.3,on {22i52) bitchcs
ovaritl-hi,stcrcc{ollty \!.as done duer fo non-
rcsi)onsc to thc|apy or rclapscs. Prcvious
rcltotfs (Gandorla ct al.,1993: purohit and
l\4chtlr, 2006) hevc shorvrr a sirlilar incidericc
trl'pvomctl'.r iu rccord analysis at thcil rcfcrral
ccntrcs. A high rrrcidcnc(, of p,"-onrctra in agcd
bitchcs is knorvrr to bc cxistcnt becausc of the
proiongcd cKposurc of thc bitches utcr.us to
cicvarcd lcr,cls ol'progcstcronc. poor lactcal
dlainirgc and pool brecding managcment
([)r'cicr'. 1998). -I']rc usc of progcstcrone
rcccptor blockcr iu urcrinc clcarauce havc trccn
sirnilarlv shou'u to bi.. cffcctivc ilr a rr.ccnt strrdv
1 K tilasckal t:l tt1.,2006)
-['lic
percent iicclLrcncics of bitchcs Lrrought firt.
dy.'stocia u'*s i 1.5So..i' lvitlr uterinc incrtia bcing
tlrc cnrnurolesf causc of dirstocia. flitr-hcs rvith
utcrinc incltia lracl.a histol'y.,oilailuLc of tbtal
dclivcry or a history otdclivcry of l-2 pups with
strbsctlucnt lailrrrc of pup dclir.cry. Bitchcs wcrc
trcatcd with t0-20 ItJ of ox.v-tocin (lnj.
Svntocir:on, Sardoz ludia.). _s- l0 nrl iv of calciunr
gluconatc (calciurn sandoz, Sandoz India) antl
200-500 rnl of 5910 dcxtrosc. Whcrr rhis therapy
tailcd to dclivcr all thc pups, oxytocin u,as
rcpc'atccl but a spasrnolytic (Inj.Strtasmo-
Proxyvon, 2-5 nrl im) u,as administerccl
conconritantly to avoid utcrinc spasrn. -lwo
Csrrran Shcphcrcl bitchcs did not deliver prrps
r'r'cn altr'r such a tlrcrapy- and had to bc- givcn a
prostaglanrlin (lnj Prostodin t?5 gtg im) ro
dclivcr thc rcmaining pups. lJterinc incrtia lras
bccn pl*,iousll,dcscribcd to be thc conrmoncst
cirusc ol'd-r,s(ocia in thc bitch (Darvclid and
Lindc-f orsbcrg. 1994; Rarnangolicr al.. 3004)
and a coriconritanr usc of a spaslnoly,tic rvith
rcpcatcd oxytocin Iras bccn prcviously
slrggc'stcd lDricr. 1998: Purohit and Sharrna.
2004) howsvsl, a dosc ofprostaglandin has not
bcerr suggcstcd previously but rvorkcd rvcll in
non-r'csp{lnding bitchcs probabl,v bccause of
dcad ft'tuscs prcscnt.
I'hc incjcicncc of d.vstocia rccordcd in thc
prcscnt stud1, is sirnilar to previous strrdics
((iaudcr, I 98,5; Lindc-liorsbcrg arid Encroth.
3000; IJcnlur cl al., 2001a, Z00lb: Dcka err
al., 2003; Purohit itnd (iaur, 2004; Mchta ct
al.,? {J0-5 ; P ur ohi t and I\.1 chta, 200 6). Likcu,isc
tttal ansalca cncountcred in the prcscnt study
has bccn prcviously rccordcd (Sharnra ct al..
2001J.
'l'hc propoltion of birchcs
rcfcn.cd tbr chronic
post n,hi:lping lracrnorrhaqc (sub involution of
placcnral sitcs, SIPS) rvas -i.65%. Orriv
synrp ton la t ic t hcrapl, incl uding mifcpris tonc and
crgot tablcts c;r vitamin C tablcts werc given
olallv to thcsc bitchcs rvirh litrlc improvcnlent.
Jhc ou'ucls rcfuscd for laparotorny and
crrrc t tagcr ol- ovario-hystcrcctolny r.vhich ar c f hc
suggcslr,-d thcrapics (Drcicr, |998) howcvcr
 Jorrrnnl ofi (.lanirrc Dci,cloprucnt & Rcscarch 200g

1'rrblc ll Ileprorluctit.e disordcrs in bitchr.s (Cases prc)-cutrrcl

gp.n ae collll.v clinics l gttS-2{}0S). ilf I.cteritr:rr).ol)stctrirs and

Iteprrrilrrcrivc rondlf
Tntnl numbcr Pert:cnt {2f
-.{ *.-.--...--"".....-'...".-- )
- t'ltlrlilgi"i[-*: 0f t:art's of totrrl
P J i!('il r)
lltr uu ir rl tr ,.,

I)rcr:rtl,nc1 riitrunosi; c,tl.u: l9 r L,i8

t.clit.clrc,: . ruisilllr:nug
4l ai r)

60 j(r.jti
8 J'.,,il*ktgi*',
I )t'slociu
'll1st:.irrc .

lrrurtia
. IclalcrrLphyrtn.tlr t4 ti.5 i
I:efiil ilnts:rrcl 0l t.tl
' (.) lltcr:i 0l 0.60
Vagirtal tunt(rr.\ 0? r.t I

l,\jolll d tt.!t tt 10..3 6

A llc:itt uli -if .ll.i7
s,ll) s I
06
l0 06^Qt)
u-r.(r)
i
Tot;rl (t4 l,.r.f:
*_-.-._...-_..,..,..,._...I I
|

Clirntl Torll1.-f nni i {i-,

I t00

fbtrr bitchcs (4,i6) recovcrcd spontancously

Sawyer, Irrdia) 5- I0 rnq for 3_ l0 days rvith
\\'hcl'cas, onc bitch died due to cxccssivc a
goocl rcsponsc. Thc incidencc and
iracnrorrhaqc and ollc hitch was thcrapy of
ltol rcf-crrcd thesc ts,o conditions in thc prcscllt study
lra c k. is
sirrrilar to pl.cvious rcports (Candotra
ct al..
'l'hc proportion 199-j; Joseph ct al.. 2005; pur:ohir and
lr,tchta,
of bitchcs prcscntcd wirh a ?006 ).
history o1: vi:ginal rnlnors was l0. .}60,,o rvith
tfansltiissiirle vencrcal tumclr bcing il]osr
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 Jonnralof Canirrc l)r,\,cloplncnt &
Rescarth ZO0S

(.onvorlion lrrtJ Nlr tiontl

ulrrrelll Synrposiurn on
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thc A
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?,]r.g.CorirpendiurrrofAbsrrrruir'.'pp.'zor
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nu
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irr a bitch.
Lirclc-gorstjcr$.t J.Snmll Anint prrc. 45t5); :iq-'S.1.
. arrtJ Errer.oth,r\.(l(.){10), Sl l n xr. l),., p ur.oh
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r a iI .6. i,*., t arJa r,, lt. C.. Gup ta s. A. K a rr cl
rril licr Ciarg, N.( 300 I ) Fetirl o,rrror.uti,,
a i - 1ra r.t u r:i i..rr r pr_,riod. trr : Ei rin gcr:.S. J. o friicn.e
casc re;)orl. .l Claninc Dcv.Rcs.
antl Fclrlnriin,E.C.Eds.Tcxrbtiok ol.
l: .57.
Vcrerirrirrv I ntcrrra i Mscl
Tclla.iv1 A.. Aztla.O O and Tai*0.\rl).
ic ine. Fitih editiorr tiuoqf ,

\rol.3ppt5l7-t8. Courple'te rcgrcssiorr ot. transrrrissible

fvlclrt;r,J.S und prrrohir, C.N.. Carg.N. r,elrercal [ul]lors (l'VT) irr Nigcriun
trrorrgrel
Caur,M. ciogs rvitir r.,irrcr:istine rr'iltrt* cl*l,no-
St1;rrnr,.Arirr.l Rarhore, i s. iit,i,sr.
Rc.plnductivc disordc.s in rirc bitcl,.
i J renp-v. Aii.. J. B io !{ed. Rcs, :i:,i ii_ i j s
r

l{)