GvDBAL MODIFICATION: GHOBAV MOPFIOATION INCVUDES STRU5S REVIVING TECMNIQUes

L NAY6 NIM TME TNTENSION CWAnMGING TUE TECUNIGUES INVOVVes INSECN

TME VATERAV VOAD PERFORMANCE DF TE MEMMBER IN ORDER TD
REvIEVE A

BUIVOING
TH16 WIl REVIVE OvERVOADED MEMBERS AND ENGURE
STRUCTURAL

OvERYDADED
BTER 5ESIMIC EWAVIOU
R OR
DAMAGED
U-SHAPE NEn COvOMN IiTROOICE
COMPONENT. To REVIEVE OVEKvOADED

ONA RECTANGVE -sUAPE EXISTInNG covVMN?

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E1STINa COvUMN7
MAN}
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INTERSECTION

PROJECT1ONS OF N E BEAM

EX6TING ARcn

ARCH
TRU6S D
AvOIPINa

H
INTERSECTING BEAM
ABOVE iT

BRACIN6
5EPERATION OF IMPROVING

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EAR
ATYPICAV LAUT
MOPE OF
COVvARSE
A a fAl

INSERTI0N DE CROSS WPAVs

ALONG
WAVB WEAK STABILITY OF
NO CROSS BOxES To IMPROVG WAVv BR COvUMN
VARGE
gN O N G WAWS
WAWó
RUPTURE OF TE
.
AND RAFTER

FKB ReTROFIT
FLEXIBLE AND

ARE
TAIVON
A BVE,
RETROFIT
USEp IN
CoMPOSITEs

FRP CAN BE
MENCE TUEY
APPVY
E6Y TO AND HENCE
ARE THIN PRO FIVE
MAVE
TuEY
PAINING.
o P E R A T I O N
ARCHITECTURALY

MADE 2
BE
CAN FAIUREMEC
THEY

OF ATKUSS
FRP ROD
FHING

BRACING

RURAV
EPOXY ROUT

OR PASTE

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OF NER
APPHCATION
T E C H N I G u e F O R S T R E N G T H E N I N G

A MASONRY WAvb
ELN
FXING BRA ING TD ARURAV HUT

FRP ROP
 GHOBAV MODIFICATION INCVUDES
ATME TNTENSION CANGIN6 STRESS REVIVING TEcMNIQUES
TUE TECWNIQUES INVOvvES INSERTION bF NEW
MANCE DF TME
DEP
BUILING STRDCTURAL MEM6ER IN ORDERTD REMEVE A
MEMBERS AND EN6URE
UR- OVERYDADED

U-SnAPE DAMAGED
COMPONENT NEW COvOMN nNTROVCEy

L
I-SUAPE
TO REIEVE OVERVOADED

ovERVOAPED EXSTING covOMN?

1STING COvUMA
G PVANS MAVING MANY
PAN
PROJECTmONS
INTERSECTION

OF NEW BEAMM

INIT
I-ExSTING HAVY

a-EXIsTING FLOOK
EX6TING ARCM

3- WooD BEAM

4 NAIkSs
AvOIPINa ARCW TRU6S B SECiON AA STIFFENING
5.NEW SVAS
INTEKSEcrING BE AM NNECTNG STEE
CONNECTION OF FOOR 1O WAW
FVATS
ABOVE IT

moN OF IMPROvING BRACIN6

AVIOUR OF EUILDNG

MUT IEARTMaUAKE VUT

A COVVAPSE MoPE OF ATYPICA
a FAIORE OF JOINT

NSERTI0N DE CROSS WAVS 3. CDWAP6ED FRAME

STABILITY DF 3 FRACT
5 TO IMPROVE
1 WaW oR COVUMN
bONG WAVW6
4-COWA
. RUPTURE OF TnE
TRUS
-ABVE, FLEXIBLE AND
AND RAFTER

IN
THEY CAN BE USEpIN RETROFIT

N PROFiVE AND HENOE

L-

i TECTURAVWY PLANNING.

4
FAIWRE 'MECHAN 57777 7777
FRP RO OF ATKUSS SYSTEM
FuING
BRACING PROVSION OF

EPOXY &ROUT RURAV POOR OPENING

By 6RACI Ná ON
OR PASTO UT
SnETEyET E OTHER SPE
NEAR SURFACE MOUNT1NG
E
FOR STRENGTHENING PROVI6IDN FOR POOR

OPENING BY BRACING .NE

A MASONEY W A .
3 S
ON ELTMER6IDE. T PPIN
MAlAIEEEEIUSil~SIIFI EIKIISNEjl REiNF
FXiNG BEACING TD A RURAV HUT .iNTEV BAND
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2RooF
RDOF ANp UNPER
EPDY PASTE

COvVAR BAND FEATURED TO

 STRENGTMENIN6 DF
STING WAVNe
0041AA01

|6VC

Bula0

STRENGTMEING OF SCAVE NTÓ

MESM AND MORTAR
PAN
I WEUDED WIRE MESh- 50x0MM
QMORTAR OR MICKO-0NCKETE RENDERING REMARK6:
I-6xSTING HAVY

3. CONCKETE ROOF GAND

a-tXiSTING FV0OK

. CEOSS TIES -500-16OMM APAKT

3-WoODBEAM
BAK sMM
4 NAIk5 eORNER REINFORCE MENT 5
CORNER
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C oN
5.NE nNECTING STEEL

FVATS WDOVEN FVOOR.5

WAAW
r FooK 1O
NEW CONCRETE

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FVOOR

MIADRAS TERRACE Ra

STIFFIENING OF AIOODEN

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NooDEN
FVOOR
By
ROOF F I N I S H I N G

BRICE T E Y c O N C R E E
N E NS T F F I N G

3 . FRACTURE

Noop
STEEV SMAUV BRICKS I
4-COvvaAPSE OF
MEMBEK
PinUNING

TRUSS
TECHNIQUES

EXISTING FLOOK IN MAPRAS

TE PINNING

ERRACE WOODENJOST
EXI5TING

K 0 0 0 D E N B E A M
ROOF A l T R A N S V E R S E

SECTION
THATCH

ROOF F I N S H I n N G
ROOF
TERRACE ROOF iNrEcRATION ANP
B R C K J E Y cONCKETE

STIFFIENINá OF ROOF
MIF
OF MOEE
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I N VME
TERRACE ROOFING
4 SMAW
BRICKS

W w w w . w w

TIE PINNING

RAFTER BRACE AND

WoooEN JDLST

O N G I T U I N A L

PROVIS1ON OF
PoST

POOR O P E N ING

4 PREFAe
ON
BRacI
NG
EOTHER
By S PE
GVPAB UNIS NG WAVb@3M
FLOU
t E X i S T I N G
5 . R - B n N p

NEN
wNNECTIONS
ROOF
6 . K e Y

WAAY
2.NEWN FVOOR
Cur IN
61DN F O R POOR peTA B
FGROoVEs
3. Svhe 1EXI6TINE

ENING EBY B R A C I N G
PPING
WITH 5
TO
REiNFORcEMENT V
SECTION A-A
2.EXIéTIN

ON EITMERSIDE AV 3 STEEv S

INTEV BAND FOR

PTCHE u NEN PP
[ONVV
T I M B E R RoOF

eAND

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Roor AND UNPER
DIAGO
TRUSS

J
FreRs
 E x ó n N a ARCH

AvOPINa ARCH TEUES SECnON A

INTERSECTING eE AM
SEPERAnON OF IMPROVING ABOVE IT
CONNECT
BEMAVIoUE OF BUVoNG BRACIN6

EARMaUARE L
ATNACAV HUT
COVAPSE MOPE OF
NO CROSS A
FAAUSE OF JON
WAL- NEAK a
WAWS dN AVONG NSERTION OF CR0sS COvAFSEV FRA
VARGE 5OXES
TO IMPROVE STABILITY OF
WAY
bON& WAW6 NAv BR COUUMN
FRB RETROFIT
2. RUPTURE OF TTE
FRP COMPOSITEs AND RAFTER
ARE TAIVOR -A BVE, FLEXIE
ARE ENSY TO APPUY
AN
MENCE TUEy CAN BE USEp IN KETROF
OPERATIoN TUEY MAVE THIN
PRO FVE AND HENOE
TMEY CAN BE MADE ARCHI TECTURALY PANNING
FAIWRE MECHANS
OF ATRusS SYSTEM
FRP ROD
FaINá
BRACING
EPOXY GROUT RURAV

OR PASTE UT

[URFACE MOUNNNG
APPI ATION DF NEAR
TECHNIGUE FOR STRENGTHBNING

A MASONRY WA
EHERaIlS
NStZEiF|EURAL HUT
FXING BEA ING TO A

FRP ROP

EPOY PASTE

CovvAR B A N P

INWAW AT VINTE
FRP
WRA vevEV

FRP
WKAPS USING
SYSTEM
OF
ANCHDRING

FRP ROD
M-S PLASE

SE SHEAnE

Roof MAATE

OR
CEMENT
E X I S T I N G COKUMN BOVTIN&oR

NAIFING STeEV
TvE

WIRE FVAT6 BY MORE

TENPON OPENINGa
TIE
EEATIDN TURN 2BoVTS -2M
OR NAIVo
PEDM
CoRN

BRACING
HORI20NTAV ANp tkOSS
vEKTICAr
30INING
PlAN ioNG IA
AND FLATS
MEM BE RS BY SVAT TIUE MAXIMUM B
BRACKET
OF
TRAN5VERSE
PRE-STRESSING
TMES TH
 EXISTING HAVY
EXBTING AR H
a- EXiSTING FLOOK

3- WooD BEAM
AYOPINa ARCH TRU6S EY 4 NAIkS
INTERSECTING BEAM 5 NE W SVAB STIFFENInNG
ABOVE 1T CoNECiN G STEEL EORNER REINFORO
BRACING CONNECTION OF FWOR TO WAW FVATS

WDOVEN FOOR6

A COVvaPSE MOPE OF ATYPICAV VAUT EARTMaUAKE MUT

a FAIURE oF JOINT

OF B. COWAPSED FRAME

WaW bE COUUMN 3. FRACTVRE NEY ST FFFR| ING

COVVAPSE OF Noop
a.RUPTURE OF TIh6
RUsS
MeMBE
AND RAFTER
N
ROFIT

2 4 TERRACE ROOF

FAIVWRE MECHN5P77I7
OF ATRUSS SYSTEM
FMING
BRACING PROVISIoN OF

RURAV POOR OPENIMG

BY BRACANG ON
UT

tEXSTING

PROVISIDN FOR POOR ROOF

.NEN FVoOR
OPENING By eRACING
3.SVn8

MSIMSKVIEAE ON EITMER6IDE, TO PPING WiTH 5

REiNFORcEMEN
FXING BRACING TO A RURAV MUT iNTEV BAND
2RooF eAND [ONV FOR PTCHED
SU
ROOr ANp UNDER

COVVAR B A N P
FETURED TO

BE INTROPUEP
INWAW At viNTE
IN A FVT RODF
VEVEV
BRICK BVIVpING|

ERTMEN BUIVDING

FEATURES INTROPUCED IN A NON- GNGENEERE

Roof MATERIAV
OR
CEMENT USE HOE
EOVTINGOR
NAIING STEEV TVE
WIRE FVAT6 BY MoRE
TIt OPENING
TADN 25oVTS 2 M

OR NAIV6 F2DM
CORAMBL
SMaVV WNOO
AND CROSS PRACING
30INING
VERTICAr MORIZONTAV ANP WTNDN

lONG AS
TIGKC AND FLATS 0PENIAG
BY SVAT
MENM BE
RS MAXIMUM
TIMES tHiCKNESS BUTTREsS FOR
kONG WAVVS
 2.FIVKE OF JOnIT

ConePOED FEPrnE

Z FEACTURE
HEV STFR\ING
JKE oF TE
FTER
4-CvAPSE OF STIFFIENIN6 DF AD00ErN
TRUSS
VIADRAS TERZALE ROOF

STEEV
FInUUING NCET
4
4 TERRACE ROOF
STING FVOoR
EXISTING
TECANIGUES
IN MADRAG
FAAWRe '1MECHN77 000EN EAM
OF ATKvs6 67TEM TERRAE
IrEGRKTION AND ROOF TIE PINNING
STLFFIENING OF
TERRALE ROOFING THATCH WDOENJOST
PROVISION OF ROOF AlTRANSVERSE
PoOr OPeNmG
CoENEE OF IF
SECTION
By BRACA nG ON RO0F RooF FIN6MING

inreE NETÄATWEY 7 E oTHER P e 8RCKJE cONCKETE

tEXiSTING SAw BRICKS IN VIME
MOZD
PROVISIDN FOR POORK ROOF
RAFTER BRAE AND ND
oPENING BY BRACING a. NEW FVOoK
PREFAB
roST SEAV
3. SVhB 4
nE FiNNING
ON ELTMER6IDE, TO PPING WITH 5
SVABONIT
5.R-C BNP WOoveN JDST
PLXINC 15RACING TD A RURA MOT
INTEV BAND KENFORceMENT AB
6KEY ONNECTIONS NEW FODR lvONGITOYINA SECTION
2-ooF eAND [oNVW FOR PTCED
ZV TU DETAV3 T0 exSTN WAVEZM

RDOF AND UNDER 4 SECTION h t6ROOVEs Cur

IN WAYY

COVVAR BANP FETURED TO

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1EX6TINá pODR
VEVE IN A FVAT 20OF
EXI6TING EABE WAV
BRICK B0IVDIN
TIMBER RDOF 3. STEEV STIRPS BOVTED TO NE

TRUSS u NEN PVANE VSED AS aN

NEW PVANPS USEp
ASTES biaGONAL BRACEiNG
FEATURES INTROPVCED IN A NON- ENGENEERED ERTMGN BUIVDING RooF CovELING 4EXISTIN RooF RAFTERS TFIRM
Solb
USE COVvaR BEKN
uSE SuEADNG A A
EVbW RO0F SEaM
bJ SDFTSDI
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OR
EOVTINOR CEMEN
USE MORizONTAY kEiNFOCEENT
NAIING STEEV TivE
FVAG BY MOE FEATURES TD BE
OPENING
TANN 25oVTS INTR ODUCED A D NDN-
2M
OK NAIL PEDM ENGINEERED 8AREACK TYFE
CoKA
RECDMMENEV BuivbING
DRI ZONTAV ANp EOSS PRACIN6 SMAV WNOOKJ ONE FUOOr CoNSTRUaiON

KOVGY 3aUAREP EoM5

lONE KAAS ANP NTNDN
r

TIcE AD FLATS 1 5 T R I B U T H O N

MAXIMUNM K OPENIG 3YMME

TRIC
WA

TIMES THiCKNESS B i e s S FDR

koN6 LJAWS
 avobAV OFMODIFICATION:
INGERIONN STRENGTMENIN6 DF
NYK NITM TE GHOBV MODFIUmON
TMIS VATERAV VOAD PERFORAANCE
W LNENI AON INCUDS 5TRESS STING WVl 004 IAAO 72
NTENSION
INCUDES
CANGIN6
5TE REVIVING TECUNIQUES
WIWw REVIVE WAVIOUR DE TME BUILDINE T E TECUNaUES 6VCA
BaTER 6ESIMIC OvEROADEP MEMEERS iAvovves INSERTIoN
STEDCTURA MEMMBER IN ORDERTD REVIEVE
OF
NE

ON& KECTANGHE
ANDENSUEEovegobpeD
DAMAAE 81la02
UnSytmMETKAV OMPONNENT, HCw coVOMN IhKONEA

TD REIEVe ovckvOAPEC
msTiNa covUMNT

BUIVDING PVANS MAVING

MANY
16TIN Co 5TREN6THEING OF
PROJECTiDNS PYAN MESW AND MORTAR SCAVE NTS
INTEK&ECTION WevoeO Hit t&h-eoom
DF NEN Oet
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hco-ONOETE
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E x 6 I N 6 RRCH
3- o o D E E M
3. CoNCKETE kOCe
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AvOPIN6 R c H TEU65 MMO
NECaN G STE
INTEESEcriNG BEDEM FVATS

SEPERATION OF IMPRovING
ABOVE 1 CONNECTNONN FODK 10HAW HDOVEN FVOORS 516N -
BRACIN6: NERCoCTE
BEMAVIOUE OF BUIVoNG

tkHaUAEE AUT
A COvAPSE MoPE DF ATYMCAv HUT
NO CROSS NAVS NEAK 2 F A R E Or JOINT
OONG hERTION
WAWS «N VARGE BOxES OF
CEOss STEFIENINS ODoN
WA
10 IMPRovE STAELH Ty CovArSEV FCAME
NERSTEFi ING
S FEACTURE VAPTS TECRALE ROOE
ONE WAWS
FKB RETROFIT 4-CDWAPSE OF
3. RUPTUEE OF nE TKUSS
FRP COMPOSITES ARE
TAIVor-A5E FvEXIEE AND PeND KAFE
STEEV
AEE y TO APFVN- VENCE
TUEY CAN BE USEp IN KETROFIT
oPERATION TuEY AAVE TAIN PROFVE
AND VENCE
THEY CAN BE MADE
ARCAITECTURAY P\AnNIN G. TERRACE KOD
KOCF

FEP RO
FAVeMECHBN TATOK
OF ATKU6s sYSTE ROOF
FAING
3RCING PeDvsiON OF

EPDri EROT ooE OPeNmG

OR PhETE BY BRacAnNá O

APriOTION DF NEPR SU2FPCE AoUNTiNG

TEceiGUE FO2 STEENeTKENIN PROvsIDN FOR POOR

oPENING 8yBRACIHNG
PEFAD
A MASONEY WAvb.

ON ErtMER6IDE. Be

FUNC BAANG TO ARURPL HUT 1-VTev E

FRR ROP 2-CooF S N O l o y FOR PCEo -6EDpvS cor
ROGF ANp UNPER

CovR AND FEDTUReD TO

NWAN AT viNTEV BE INTEoPULE

eNCADEar SVETE OF FE? I E Y S VE1iG

TEEL F STISETEDE
TSS
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EATURES NTKO7UCED INA NONENGENeERe EETEN vON 6- RoF Love ENs ST OFs
S

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TeJs
EiETIriG C O P I u

BOTINGOE CEAET
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FED NEOVED ANn

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baiD FjTS baup n D r NE FDc toNERTEN

TRBSVERE PRE-EKESNKG OF
ERNCET MEEERE EY SKE TITE cPEiNG
L nMES THcKNESS
Biness FoR