D

Name- canoy eJana

Öranch - FCE
See -A
Roll No - BTECH. 10/73.221
Sub Code- EC 102

Expepiment No. 1

Aim (A) -MeasUHement q he kollann uAing_CRO

DDOVoltage
eak andKms AC oltage
Time per/ 0d & naguon peiodiea Sihals
T
t d ane_Used : NL Mulhsim 14

Apparatus Required oe upplhp, CRO, tunekon qenenate

Theory
CRO i an ele£1Hucal_pupemenz_which ives_a
visual neprasenHaton o ele trieal quanthie in_an
electaical e/HCuitSE. udtli ses the pnopenty o Catho
za heimg dotactad ky eleetzie_dnd ole
tields and puoduucin9
Acichhilahins on
luonosaent & CHean Since the ineuta a @athode
Voy Amall, They qne akl fo Lollo
Hhealteinatdves o Ven igh naqnane Dhelds
he
and hus elaebcn bean Q a
pracieally inha
less pointas.

Teacher's Signature,
Measwre ment o D.C. VolHage
Deleckom On a CRO ghy pvoponenal
he voltage Yp lied o he oybatiy"'ni. her
the AMeen s Posl ealblnded 4m onms knan
veltage ie. dy lechoh ensdivly deounined,
dired Mo ltege meoswad by, applying it o po
oloplactimg platas. This Vqmoun o1 deyloelidn
Cbtamed
mublipdie by depleehon avndi hei ty
9ives Value of diaod vo tog
D.C Voltage =
(No. q olivisi on) x ( Volts/olivisjon)

Meaowement o AC Vo e
The C Sing a om tKa. Signalgenerolon
applied aros tho platos. The Voltage Aensitvit
bahd Awteh ond t
band ime hase band s i teh os
adjwtd hot 3uch a
steady pietwr the
t&ve onm o t taimed on he Aenden. Verhe hoighdl)
emaosred wlel multip ed by veltage ADnsi truty
p eak to peak Voltag
Rn vetge en by V
Measwremont 0UOney Pn unknown egLLny
owic2 - y ais ploteseeRo
fa base Aignal s eonnaeled to pete oq CRO
e 2e Sinos i odal wave On ho

h . Cicnt
 DATE

The peuiedis caeulated by

T (No o duision) xTime./Divisian)

(HF2)f /T (se)
rocedure
for DCVoltage Meos wement
Connecd e CRo_probos to the ouput qunChion
he
UKeOmptuaonoto 0 Tho un@fion
an Valua
neralor att zon0 and

bGe Valu o De vo ltage CRO

For PC voltege & reguoney meIs wrement

Chreat the CRO_bpebes a oufput q unchon ehen

peok_ Valua (V)_oq
GiOhurvethe peok the iaye Curroktly Soleofed
( ) Calculali ho RMS Vae AC 9nal
) Chsuwe the time peu od uve Sole eteol
Colendot
Chonge0peat bo th7 yoltage and me peuod
Aeade
and mAtep 2
va) ake anothen aueorn pe and epeat {mTp 2

Teacher's Signature.. ***

 Observakon For DC ete
1 tnem ucton generaton nput mequohe4, =0 Hz
hrom eRO
Seale vohs/div
No. OL dvisio
Vo tage

Sine
Sine dave MeasUromerd
mem kunCHon generator
inpt votage/ 10 vols nput proquanuy =
mam cRO 0 H

S Scale on St No.qScale n N. feak Rms Time

Volts/aiveuision Time dv for Volte voltge Peniod
r peak Tire
div
(V |Vo/e Sec)_|eiod T (v Tse
60 hs 0 7-07 l00 ms

5 2 50 ms/eliv 2 10 7-07 loOms

200msdi 05 0 7-07 100ms
3 200-5

For
For Square w aye Measwnement
_from huncian enenatm, Input wtage: 10 wlpu
Errom CRO trequeney-lbHz
SNScaleon Scak. on No ot No q Peak msTime
Ans i
time|div |uv for iv f voltgeveeye Peied
vols ldiv Peak Ve H Tie. fera
(v) CSee Vr T (ms)
00msld 707 0D ms
5 2 2
52ms/di
200 Ja 0.5
707 0o
20
0-5 707 00
Teacher's Signature......
 Fon triangula a v e measwomeni
10 Vlts Input eguha
trom FG inpud voterqe
10 H2
()rom CRO

onNo.of din No.c di leok Rms Tim

SN Scale Scak
on
ericd
fer peak tor Thme Hegel voltoge
ves/liv Time/div T
VoHrgePerv'd
07-07 o0ms
100 mslaiv
5
7 7.o |00 ms
50msfa2
0-5 I0 707|100ms
320 200ms/div 0-5

esults & iset

DCVoltage
PeakPeak and Rms value q Ae voltage 10 Vand
7.07VV
) ime peuod o SineSquane t i angulan uave
100 ms
( e9Lueneies Sine
SIne,aa ianulan twuw
10 Hz
ree autions

Make Conne@tH on asAham in_tiaut auagram

hunHonzenenatoK and CRoin_c&re@
hD loke peadi ngs Canoully poloutr
 Aim (B) a- Meas wrement q unknaumuuhey Lsing
Lis ajous pettern.

Seftwae USed N Mutfisim 14.0

Haaratus Reguved_ode Supply, CRo, Fwnchon (qenkJeolo

Thiony
upenpaitton qtun harumoniCkun@hons Aueh aas
Sind waves prreuce saLaLA patfenn n he CRO eTNn
The potteun clpends pon he ampUtude, aqUChty
and phase he two Ái9na

yoltae and fe sune ontalolelaeion

VerrheLelphehom
aldyheho
ho herizontal oloLlienon
valtage Then 0

No. oho tu zontat tarencie (HT

No. Vetiel fangen@ies (VT

whene HT= no. a imes_a

aalfit ens Ateaight-
Line taken at any onehotizortalSide (upldeun) a he
palun Aenves asaangent to tha_uvsejgus_paten

Cun d VT= no otimes aaehtons &traight l'ne

B
aken at any verteal Side(p|dowrm) the

Teacher's Signature............. ...

 tangentt to he attasen
Limajous Satten
paUleuh seve_as a

ocedure

. An 0sci Uatozo unknown pequonoy ConneeTad to-

andtahdazd
he verieal plane o CRo
oscillato o khouh iqueney 6
CenneeaA to
hohizontal plat

2 Hdyiust the xoltage o hetwo oseilato te qive

pallpal eu

Van he 09A10HC test o1eillatph slig Atl4

Uhtil Sam pl Liaj pStak
i G6tineo Read knawn fiaegueney
4ind HT nd VT_ m Lisojos attern
99. Caloulata f Hven mla
Result in obSeration fa ble)

trecouuton
Make the Conne@hons as shon In the cineuit
tdagnar
2 Connc@t the unetiomeUraaz @no CRO in
Connet_polanities
Ob servaton

S.N Horizonta Vetital ty-HT

(H2) Tongeny Tangeng VT
(H)
30 3
2 20 2

3 30 2 3 20

30 30

2
Aim (C):
Him (C) Measuwcment of phase argle betw ean turoSighals
Same equncKey using CRO.

Sahoare Used NI Mukrsin 4.0

CeneraTo
ppakatu Required:Poder Sowce, CRo, union

hcoru
amplitude
When turo Sincscidal ianas dkere
kut equal cqunaies ara applied
Aut 2x and Y hput d
CRO an ellpse _is obtanad.

Sin B

A - phase angte

ocedure :
1. pace
The ellipse on pap and measUne A_and P

Teacher's Signature **********

2.
Note down The l0queney C uave applied om unchon
enaIoF. 0

3.
Caleuate h_phae dienorco
Thacitie al = tan(R
Erpoimontal )=t Sin (B/A
hesutPhase ang p-(See obseraion tabl
reCautionA
Make the Conneckonk as hownin fhe e i t diaso
2 Conneet he uneHion halon_ andOscilloseope ih
Conreett polasi
3. Take ko cadmgscareully .
 Observaton

B A Eypor
trequeney oappliadPr = Si'(B/A)
faui (wRe) intoreo (Y pea A-
0-02
0 09 16
06
0.37 O- Ol
0- 38 3-5 9:2
500
0. 55 o- 13
5 9
000 0-68
O 66 0. 21
500 0-87 5 7-5

2000 I00 6 72 0-27

R=3-9 k 2
C= 33 nF
 PAGE NO.
| DATE

Name- l-anoy. eJana

Branch-ECFU
ee- A
Roll No- BTECH. 10I73. 21
Sub Code- EC102

trperiment No.2

Hin l deloinine The lonwand cnd sovee bias Charadoushu

uneholn_diode
offoane lsed NI_Mulkisin 4.0

Bpparaus Reguines owe suppl4, MulHmete, Miero

Ammete, Voltmet Dioces (1NA001), Nesistance
CI00n)

heory
heory-na Semiccnclueter material, /_one haly i doped by_
Un type inpuwity end he oher ha s doped by
P ype impwuty then e 9t a P-n_unefion disde
Athe juke tion Tkere a_high_fendlChe0
the_e es hat enwau dituie over
P-Side and holes_an the n Sidé Hencea mt
posHtivecharga kuilt on the N-side The pu es_
that eno he unchon uneaver he-ve
accopto ons by illing the holes heretoo a mat-
ve echarge 0 Hshed m tRe_psida qhe
jun@fion.and qradualy a hanue i Set p af
junhion olue to opecsmg +ve andveields.
Teacher's Signature.. . . .
 PAGE NO.
DATE

potenial oliwence u eatakishedb/w p and m

gion Called fhapotenial bakeier {Ve) becausc o he
mdaeoelk.chorie ield a exK he_dopletiom
h layn
Vo O3 V
for Ge Vo 0-7Vv Or S
ForwadBias - When +ve fesumina q hattouy u Conree
topp-Side and-ve touninal to n Side tha dapplied
potential tepek he electeie field setup inside the
juneiom diode. Evehtually, Dhon he applied poEnhial
exeads the batier_potenhal, the eunont rouyh
junchion Atart in ereaAung, apid
eves bias UhanWhen +ve teqminal a batous eonneeta
Kevers
tonSide and -ve lumnal to_ pside
he pplied
qypied potarial is n he Aamg dizeCh on as h
intoalield and henco he width o doplohion layi
ineeaAcs leneo tho esultant_potentod banien u
inCadandfheeutieally,no_ Cwont sheuld tlocs
in the eineuit. Butt in mac ie a Very Amall
kr in he QHeuitopthe onder a a_ jew mieno
unnod
Qmpee undon_zoNenAe biase_Thy eiUventt ú dus to
mino uty Charge Cann lhis ewUont u k/o satiation
wUat:
An idealp-njunCfion dioda ha 2010 Aitan@e
in
oedad bias Ghod inttnië 7NStan@e_in coveme ia
R
The gaph o V Vs I thrugh
loucing a dibdo i knoun as ts
I CharateriSics .
Toorhor'e Cico, ...
 PAGE NO.
DATE

TroCedune

Connect The ecuit ou Ahoun in

2 bring he vatiable Vltaqe DC Sout Ce fo zeno. he
Thxaughmiliamnto Should also bezere
33 Ih ereaA he Vaniable_ Voltaqe a Th DC Soune
velf velbmeon and
slowl and in stes. Note dernthe vatmetn and
ammats wading_perAtep
4 De h o t exceed the Cwnennt heymdhe
Cwzent caing he diode thia complatos the
obserrah on 09 the ha3uDard biasing

5 Make he eonneeting as rOVo bias

6 Kepeatstops 2 ang s

7 Flot he VI chanacteikis o2 bsh lemDand andVe.

0 bias.
heaauutions
CannectVotmete and Ammete in Coroneefpobtuhia

Take tho ading Thout excooding

. Ihe CuUONT
ating C the oioda

Teacher's Signature.........
Observaton
Table 1

Readi rg lo dad Bias o diode

s.N VzN (Velt) VF (vott) IF (mA)

O-5 O-432 0.68

2
O. 55 4.5
5 594 9. 062

2 O62 14
4.
2 5 O639 19
5.
6. 3 O 654 23
666 28
7 3.6

Table2 olicda
Readinget Reuerse Bias of

S.N VIN (vot) VR(ott) TR(AUA)

5 5 MA
1.
164 A
10 10
2
20 2-67 LA
20
5 72 MAA
4 50 19 943
0-099 X Io uA

5 50 08
70 50-103 O /99 x 1o3 UA
6. 0 . 2 9 9 x/0 A
7 80 50- 18
cale

A
 PAGE N0.
DATE

ame- hanoy dJana

Roll No-8TECH/1oI73/21
Bran Ch- ECE Sec-A
Sub Codle- Ec 102

Experimert 3

Aim-
Aim lo detowmine he reveKe kias eharactarustis a
Zencr diode and applicatim os a votage rogulkTOA

SoftwateUsedNI Multisim 14.0

HPparatu Regune:) Poe Sup

DC Volmeto.
S
3) DC Ammeteo

Cir euit Companents : ) Resistn 470 , 1-5k2, 2.2k, 33 k2,

5-6k, 12 k
2. Zen02 EC 3z 12A/12/2

Thery- Zene Diede A zenv diode. a Slicon P

junchin levico h a tis desiqnd_ek operaion i n
rOvese-breakdoum rgio Tho brakdon vetage
2 ener diedo u set by Caetully Cortrol'hg e
Hoping level during manuyedekore Rer a diyola. Taaches.
xoverda bxeakdotm, itr main qmos eomstant_e v
ghits Cunzont Chang.es drastically aand he
kay koy to zeher_oil opatio The velt- ampP
charaetekishies b sharun agak in a I Aith the
Teacher's Signature.
 diodo 3houn az
honmal Openatng Pg1 o
0 Zeh
Ahadcd arra.

Ene reak doun onc di oole ane dougneod e opeuotu

in iovemac. 6cakdotwn Tuoo pes ON onAa. bnLokdon
diodo ae avalan ehe nd zone The
avalanche e{eet,ocos in6oth 2aeijien ond
Zhek_olicdo at a sukioiatly hgh werse velteg
zene diode keauil dof2d 2aduc
brcakdoun veltnge. This cauése a vey hin oloplhion
sMegion As a Csult, an intonso eleeieield
erist uithin the oloplehion i o Navet zene
raakd cun voltage (V he Aiel a intenác enough
pullpull eleetrons n Valoneo tands and eeat. eiuuunt
Zone dioole wt eakoloun voltage o (ess an
appHmin atels_5V openatos phedominante!l in Zene
6reakdoun Thoie reakolown voltge 9askr
han apaonimoctrely 5V opexate Pedominantel t
avalanka brcakKdown Bath ypes, hotosler a
called ZohOK diode anens a:e. ommeneially
awadablowith éroak doun vo tage yron dess hon(y
to moe han 2.5Ov uwhapeeikie tolerarnea rom -202
Zene Regulahon is the ahility to keep tho seeverse
voltage a c r teuminal Cord trt igure 2 Sheu3
he Paveae Penthen c a zohe diede a chaxaezyki
eve Notice that as the CversC velHage f
inetcased, tho reYerse _eLsCnt (Ig cmain) ektrenaly
Anal up to the "knee."oq he e z r e The eyeNsL.
Teacher's Signature.. * ***
 PAGENOp.
DATE

also called the zonc ewvent (Iz) At s

prit, tho brcakdorwm ejcet egins, ke 7nvteunalze
9Csis tanc aloo kla zeho im-edanee (Zz) begis
cloeroasc ad thc evenao cuunt/ Jneaasas opidly
Feom he Eetta e kne0., the zono ueakdoun yeltag
apid
(Vz) omain caáhtially eonstondt athough it Anesooses
lightly o he.20ner uMHt Jz in eieasss.
Zenc
Zenc Requlotiom is ke aibhy to kasp soA
mttage. aenois t tosumonal esAonhially
he
kay katwro o zene dicda. A zher olie odle
pealun9 in okdoun Qcs s a Vo
Haqe H0galate~
kelenuso tmaintins a haly egnstant veag
aChO t s Tomina oves a Ape@iliesl ong e
HOEHA CLent values, Aminimun vauo
tOvenae cuwent, lzk muet be mointained i odor fo-
kecp h diedo in broakdoun ksto votage 0qulohon
When e
When Oyetaa ewvtis Hadueod elo the kue
dec
U L v e _ h e Vebtage
teepne dratically and c0gulatiom
lost lso,Thend a haximum euklrerdt, Izmabove
bhich ho diode may be olanagedduo te excesve
Powe diasipation. So baAiealy Ro zehe_oiede
maintains masuly enotcut votage aeross ts
tostminals et value ot oveao_@uwvant ranging
zM.
p.om 1zk + Momina zene volHeae, Vz i_
Duouo Apeei ied ona datasheet at value
HOVe eHoakt Callad ho zene tost c s t
ER

Teacher's Signature. '*** ''*** ***** **

 PAGE NO.
DATE

A. For eha"ta@frruishies o 20he dioolo ud moauringh o

6oakdotwn Voltae:
Conneet the CiCut as shoun. i r he load
ACSiStrhec to 2.2 k
2 Vouy Vn
Vin
and no varleus valucs o I , Iz and Vz /Vk

3 hu VI chasta@tzuisties hose hezene

Find aut the brcakdeuwn voltage (V2) o zone diode
Vi(volts) Tt(m A) I2(mA) Vz/Vdle (vot)
5 874 0-8 24 4-119
2-346 O-12 4-897
65
3:313 1-07 4-941
7 4- 352 2-099 4.955
75 4352 2 099 4955

B.
6. Fo
Fo Atudy voltage xeguatiom chaa tvishies o 20hg,
li oda
1keep Vr Vz_LMed)
2. Va load (b Conmne@ing dierent loag Kedtatanee
and maasure T I z and Vdc
3 TasLud Mading in tbo àno plot vasiaiam in Vz Vs RL
RL() TmA) Iz (m A) V2/Vdc (voH)
5 4 379 085 4.942
2-2 4-35 2 2 099 4.955
3-3 4-339 2 835 4.961
56 4-33 3.443 4.965
12 4-325 3.91 4.96+

Teacher's Signature. **
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP:

R1

w 00
02 000 JA
00
4/00m

sv
Vn
15k
VZ

(Circuit diagram to find Zener diode characteristics)

MODEL GRAPHS:

x rcner knee carn)

Becakkst

eves

ande

Fig-2
(Reverse characteristic of a Zener diode.
Fig-1 Vz is usually specified at a value of the
(Zener diode V-I Characteristic)
Zener current known as the test current.)
 U1

Vw
4/02
4.34m
DC 1e-0090hm
D1
5V US
RO.
4.961
DC 10MOhm
R5. S12ka.
2
R4
5.6k0
LRS.
2.835m R2 2.2kQ 33.3kQ
DC 1e-0090hm
1.5k0
.. ..

Design1 Ë Design3J
uary 2022, 16:44:28
Ear Y I Interactive
U1

4700
4.352m
DC 1e-009Ohm
U3

4.955 DC 10MOhm
RB
12kO
5.6ka
R LR4
RZ.
2.099m 1.5k0
.2kaS.3kQ

DC 1e-0090hm

Design1Design3
E A n-UseList PO?|
Interactive
diay E3 Y3 0i
U1

ww
4700 2.347m
DC 1e-009Ohm

5V pC 10MOhm
R6 4.897
UZ
R5 312ka.
S5.6ka
LR4
R3.
0.12m JR2. 3.3ka
S1.5ko 2.2ka.
DC 1e-0090hm

Design1 Design3]
aary 2022, 16:44:28
y-tvot

Saale
2o 2emvolt
ris 1cM 1nA

Vvol)

Seale
cm 1k
ar
2cE valt

R
 PAGE NO
DATE

Name- anoy ana

Roll-BTECH|Ujol73/21
Sec-A
Branch-ECE
Eopeuimert -4

n-Measwement o eethication qeiony ano uplo jacta

o hal-Wave and ull-uave ochuo Hauit utt
Cho Awithout c- ite
Soktuware w&o NI Mubisim 14.0

Sppasatus Requi ud: D fowec SuPpl

2) CRo
3) Muthmoto
weuit Conpom es
. Capaeitoe, e = 500 AF
2 Resisto RL =lkA

Thtor
ho7 Becaus theito abiUty Conoluat eweO
in One olisechon ounol loekCusLUnt h theotho
dine@tian, diedps are uAgd_in Ciseuls ealod e ohikios
that
hat Convenb ae vobtage rto de Volfage
Reehes au aund in_al de padese oupplies h a t
Opeiates Om qn Ac VorageAoUnCo pr0e Ap
is'an eMohhial patoeaeh eleotsonio Aysten
he Almplost to he m.ast Complex
uen
R

Hal wave Reeties cing pcaitve hal yelc oy

input
Teacher's Signature. *** *
 PAGE NO
DATE

votage, he diode is in Aonudarol brias and eonduls

through the Load 20sstor. RL Hence he cvvent phoduer
an
an oufput voHaqo. aeos he lbad osistor RL, wtioh
has he. sameshope as the
ve hay eycle oinput voltags
Dusing the megakve ha eyee ohyat velags,.
The diode b in Ovéssebias s Rerre i no Ciaronk
thoush he diode i.e vaktage aerws R s eno
Thehet rosutt o omly Re tve Aa yele oinputvote
appear5 aUG he . The arerago aue
Aave neefiied utptveHa2 é sáme
hay
rahe Yneas wed
om ce volinetos

Full wave_Reehyic- The e/sueuist oq a conõre eppeel jull Dave

oliodes D Do.
Cycle o s0ndany vntago(inpt votso), the alióds l
Lertie
ad basda andDo leeome evenáaiasedased
DuwnDg ncgahie ha eyele, dioade D eEome

Conns gwDwrt_loo krorugh ke loas eustak KRL,

dwring e h e hali eyele ard unl2t unidiscceiama
C entt
he dienene ebtoeen ul uave_aund ha_utawe
niieim i that, a allots
Lll wave ceipiz allous
unidirehnal eunnt to load ntine 366 alcg
o1 inp ut signal and hal/ uwrue nekpir allous nly
clwting One hay_eyele ie 180.
Jroi praehical_acikeitt,_ taná/ormer eotyplmg u
ually pOideoJ two easas

Teacher's Signature...
 PAGE NO.
DATE

1he voetage Can be. Atepped-y o otepped dorun as ded nes

2. The ae souwrnec. lcehiealy iselates pom eediin.

Shus prcventng Aheck kazarcds i n h skCneery chuas

i l s ideally eliminals he fluekueten n eutpud vekeze q

a h a a v e k ull urave jzchjia and pocdu ees a
Conatahf Lvel de V voktrqe. Fk-ing4 nsésay keauso.
elacnonie Cin@uil z2cqudJæs_a eonstént
Acunee dde e

Neltageond ecrnt prade potoes and iosjonq

bad9 fePias.
igle Facor : he cutput qa zechpir condstG q de
Compononts and an ac Conponeif /alse k/a ifple)
Kipple ectr(Tae,
Zde
TThe Analles he rippk ejactr, ho esscr ke eye etie AC.
etive s
Cmpoament and kence moie.

ecfiliatom Epicieny
0 d e p delivercd baod Pde
lnput Powen pom aMLotme la@

ertedere. : _ Conneet a mulfimet ih Aries ano a CRO

h_Ahunt aenoss h oad
2 Conne the, cheut as a kal urue rechpis_withoa
toe k nd ko are open) znd wih a eilter k, s
open
P e n and Kois Ahort) abulah reacingso Iae, m
n Ide eitkoctpilter and ethjiltk

Teacher's Signature..
 DATE

3. Calelater eipple. 1a@far , ceh{talien eyeuneyln)-

eithorut l t s and 'oth c iltes. Compare h e s
meas turLd valuuss rifh the espeehe Keorihealgakes
4. Cterve LaVeAerm on CRe
aain Cnnet he Cirreut aa_ull waue neeAf
ueut Hltr K 6 shont y ko u pn) and eath
filt
ad
k e ka arre Ahrt ?abalot
lde whot_pltar ans tah
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Caleulat factl)_shrale feeney lz)

thent and'wih Ailt Comjpaa theso" measured
Vmuueswi Kis spehve Kioriral vahs
7 OServe Luaveferm CRO
Note: IPms=Taz, rms) + (Tde)2
Td RL Tde r Rf <K RL
Pae (Ipm R +RL
b eryahom
WIPple tator KChHcation
pesotCCfikicahon Lat,ens Lde Tems PPfatr ieney/N}

1688 5.51 6-09 -2 04

Hay wave Re@kiicn
uitleut kilter)
Hal waye Reeitn 186 27-948 27-94 0-053 -99 7
(uaith - iltr)

Full adaue R«cijis 9.484 t9.124 2-33 0-193 802

Cthorut plta)
Full 0uë Reohje 0-765 29.28 29.3 0-0 26 0-999

(ike-jiHex)
Teacher's Signature.....
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP:

KSC

1N540BG

Key-2
ms
5OH
10:1:1

S00pF
N`408G Key2

(Circuit diagram of Half-Wave and Full-Wave Diode Rectifier)

i Design 4a-Multisim -(Design 4a

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B Design 4 a

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L
G

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206 s 29.070 V 29.801

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Scale:
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Multisim- 01 February 2022, 21:1039

Resuts Nets Cormponents Cepper liyers Simuilation

ENG
IN o
2115
01-02-2022
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Design 4 a
B Design 4 a

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me ChennelA Chennel
T 4.666 30.068 VV -28.794 V Reverse
20.7 V
ve
Et. tope

CRnre hannel
Scale:
Scale: Scale: N Edge: ABDe
x pos (D):

IT A4 B/A BAC DC OACc0 DC O Sinple Normal Auto None

Design 4a
Checking SPICE netlist for Design 4 8
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==muu=
SPICE Netlist check completed, 0 errortsl,
wamingo

Resuits NetsCarmponents Cogper liyers Simuiation

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ENG 2119
o IN 01-02-2022
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x pos (Dw) pos 0M: Ypos
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wIT as A ACo DC O AC DC O Single Mermal Auto tone

Hierarchy bily Design 4a)

Checking SPICE netlist for Design 4 a -01 February 2022, 21:2033
==mu== SPICE Netlist check completed, 0 errorís), 0 warmingi)

Resuits NetsCarmponents Cogper linyers Simuiatien

a Simulating.. ran 21525
Design 4
IN
9 21:20
01-02-2024
Design 4a- Multisim -(Design 4a
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S Design 4 a

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xpon(Dw Ypon(w) Yps (DN Levet: V
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Hierarcy sbility| Y Design 4a

Checking SPiCE netlist for Design 4 a-01 reonaYa

===s SPICE Netlist check completed, 0 errortsl, wamings OneDrive

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Resuits Nets JCarmponents cepper liayers Simulation
Pause/resume interactive simulation. Design4a Simulating. ran 5.9315

IN
2121
D 01-02-2022
 Name-kANOY JANA
Sec- A
PAGE NO.
Branch- ECE
Ro ll - 8TE CH/10 173/21 DATE

Experimert No. 5

Him
Pim lo_datasemine egueney tesp oáe o CE
tbansito. amplijietandinding tRe qain bandi dh
P HOauct
ohoanoUsed: N Mulkisim 11.2
Hpparat Reguine4 uloneseSup huneten envat
a) Ac Mili Valtmeb Co men emit/onsist
ampliiezcixcut

ne uit Componentz Capacitas. 50uF, 250uF)

2. Reaiat (1ka, 8-2 R, /:5k 170-2)

hesty Ta ampliz s an elecTaon'e_ciscut hat

heo
used% incrkaso ke strong o awueak input
signaltn ~urns ooltage, pawea he
Pdced oj enetelosimg OAe Atrengh
Weak signal /a dnpli picah'on The
transisto (BJ FET) a mayoh Cormponent ina
ampliLi Aybomm

Omnan Eritlorfrpligiy Cor/guurates n CEAe,_

he emite BII Common to boh. he
nput ang eutput Lgnal e
aang mon
sane ps a NPN hansilt kut_ (kias l
ke oppeda t PNP transeso
DEER

Coonation onmon Ermit gmpkza en hen a Agnadu

Teacher's Signature ********* *******
O
FEPT
 PAGE NO.
DATE

Callectax_Cuvnt i Ie o
Ie o fal colleeta ezuwA
Le zeO sLgnal Collecoe evant
lltok
AC ealleeta cuet twhen AeJgnel apPpke
Emitte Cwunt/ E_ E det_ ce kere
IE o signal emstta_Curent
Te AC emit euseLont wheh He c1gnal i 9plied
E t a t a l emile euUMent_

CE dmplipionrequney Keponsehe velbae9i

| a CE darplitui vates h ALGhaleregeh e L
seRausl oALstanec Copactos _ho ezeut
Changes LLh dignal_)_pehgucn.y and kence aledk
he U cuput volhasThe.l Curve obasn 6/w
9ainand he ALGhal- an

amplpre t/aa equney CnoApmsle_

quklh, /we_obtonve Kat he
Voltage ain duops_ o a t leto 2 F anol kiak
(2FL oaucncila Wkeroas onsfant ave
mid-
ecgaenay ane ((FL a )
po Ceduhe
(ncet the podez eply to he eLHeuil as Ahor2
Set the velth to 0-12 rols_wht CommOmAarmna
2. nne@t_a
aJunckon qenerata to he input_feeminal
DEER anel det t_
and
o 5n y J0 Hz
3 Conne an ae mi voltmet, 7to ho oupu trominal
Teacher's Signature.
 Obseevaton
input voltage (ffxcd)25 mV

Freguon Vout
reguoney Output V6/y| Volmge gan
Vo
Gun
20 lo(out de
Vin

o Hz O 098 3. 92 I1 865
20 H2 0 I72 6.88 16-75I
9. 821
40 Hz 245 9-8
2 0 92 2
So H2 O 26 0.44
2 076
80Ha 0-283 132
21259
00 Hz 0. 289 -56
1 92 21525
200 H2 0. 2 8
2 58
400 Hz 0-3 12
21 58
12
800 H2 0 2. 61
30 12-01
1 kH
21.61
12-04
5 KHz 30
21 61
20 kHz 0-301 12 09

12 12 216 7
100kH z0.303
2 58
0-3 2
500 kHz 21. 168
Il44
0-286
800 kH 2
 PAGE NO.
DATE

1 Acadt he sutput_and note doum.

S Keoping Vim red at 95mV, J0 on jm@reaAing he
he
euda.ea a t Sulas in alsane meosAun
hoetut yo ta
6abuld the cading
7.Plot eceiuh n lemi- loga Thmio

fnd 3 dB oint zragLhey and Bandurth

dbsenre TKo inpud akd outout- waveJorm
o 0nO Cotain guen n mid- bardU rong

Keault
Manimuum qain = A61 dB
=2500kH2
28 H2

Banduoicth =_fH-fe = 2499. 927 kH

qwn
qun anduwidth = Banduwiah x Man. Jain
2499.927 O
x -6
5 4024. 3949 H2 54 024 kHz

ecaukons:
lake he Cmneioms as AhoUR in The eireut olioram
2.
2 onne@t_un@hon Pnona Ta2 pocd Rve dpply Vank
Canl
03eilan@ope_in Ccaowneet_polariha
3.7akeTRe Leading24 Canesklly
DEER

Teacher's Signature
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP:

12V E
LR2 LRS O
38.2k0

VOu
BC856A
0.098
Oomvpk AC 10MOhm
R4 R3 3
Vin u 4700 250pF
25mV_n ms

(Circuit diagram for Common Emitter Amplifier)

MODEL GRAPH:

B PH

1.882
vas)M.2
01OLUI(UI)) 1.2

frequrcy
Frequercy Resporise of Common Ermiter Ampliter
esign1

Bode Plotter-XBP1

agno
Horizontal venhco

09
5
BCRS4A
orneols
AC 1MO
0
O A700 RevwreSave Set
276.95

ablty PY « Design1

es do not plot to the Grapher for interactive simulation. Connect an oscilloscope or run a transient simulation to see Grapher data
es do not plot to the Grapher for interactive simulation. Connect an oscilloscope or run a transient simulation to see Grapher data
Semi log plot for Gain vs Frequency
 Name- xanoy eana
Branch ECE See-A
RoI1 No- BTECH /101l73/21
Sub Code- Ee 102

peument No.6

Aim- To
Ain deteumine Theoupu and ransex eharacisties
JFET and maasuement e voltge gein

Stor Dsed NI Mutisim 14.2

Ppastaa Reguined lowe 3uppy 2. Mulimetez

3. Eleet ullianmeto

CirCuit Components i JFET -BFNlo/112. Resistons.(lk2)

Iheory A ield Eyect ransistok i a ree- tominal
unipds las devie input_mpegane voy high.
StCan_le etho a JFET O% MOSFETU_BR
eitherhave N- Channel o Aehahhel
JFET Vo tagu. eon 1rolleol cunent deviee bo its
Chazaetshes_are The eLuNOA_Whieh epreent
nakonship bed en di{lerant Ode eunenls ànek volta as
mp'ontaht _char ae toaiAhes_a a FET ate
4. Ouwplt |Drain Ckakaefoishie
2. ansua ChonaetEisho

Chmic Regon OA Thus 7he Ckaraetostes á

Gncar
neat impecla-indiea Hng hal eAro Valuos o Vs
vaes Uoinectt, C i Voltage !eilung-
Ohm'
Lao
 PCqion, Ip ineaaes
al
Cwve AB Sh hs whiek L calleol
is Calleol
peint B
A 9uazelaw nate up

phleh- point. Thd dban o alled pinch- vetrga V

to_paint 6
COHOIKponolung

Basurahon_
negion.
inch op Ragin B Abo kncwn as
liie'_zegionHere JFET oprsls as
ap Julahv ely
rulathiv ey
bceauo I
Cmstant curlnt_dedea. Im The z i g
ndlpendent o holoys
eh

Tas 1-(Vas/Vee) Iss-(Vas/VasLofr)

Breakdou Regin: S Vas_i ineraase keyend Valua

t_poikt e ealled Halancke eakolrn
Cozesponli
JFET entos FRe eakoloun wkenep 1nenoases
an
entensive value

JFETCla>aotoishes with etörnal Gias i seen that

asthe neative alo bas yoltago sinereasd:_Bneh
lower Value -
Value
Vatue VDS Vo»
fhan VGS =0. eakdoun dezeske-

Ihe main_ baameförs o JFET When Comnc@t_in

Common owr@ce. mo ole,

LAC Dhain Resistonte, Pd: St i he ac n Ataneo.

nAIAfance oo
drain nd Aourca eminah whon JFET opozaki
Tho pih e -

ae in Vas
hd_T
ehanye i
-}AEVGs Cwteh
 reA
An att ativename is olynamie da

2. ans @m duefance, Binply he Alpe

trans CkaraciAh'es

change aVas Cons tan

Change i Vass

I unit s Siemens [S)/m ho. t aaro calle Jen warol

eruwaULON trans admittan ee Ys.
tr a eomolue Tonee
The toanston oluetan ee measuteol at RRS wton
L on a
as mo
m.a

MaThomath eally7 -Var/w)

FormulaUses

Drasin Resis twnee rd A Vos / Id Vas = egnst.

Vos = Const
2. Trans Conoluanee To / Vas
3 JFET
HrmpliicahonIhtuináie La@tor oqJFET
4Vp/4 Vgs Ib=enst

Rosult
L. Drain Rosi s tancerd
V6s=OV nd =9. 06kn
Vgs -1 V rd 30-17 k

3-6 x 1o
2 ans ConoluCfaice m)

on
3 Amp GfcodtVGS Jacta(e)
oV
Cp3C7Naions

output Chanaetarishies

Vps VGs oV Vgs -/V

(o to 1ov) D (m A)
T fm A)
0 017

5 O.406 O35 8
0 8 O. 683

1-5 21 O.99 3

2 1 6 07 126 2
2-5 2 J36
2 388 454
3-5 2 771 1-47
3 147 4 86

5 3.873 518
15 3
5 098
I623
8 5278
5-3 78 65
5.179 675
ranerChara@to0&hes,

Vas (o to -5V VDs VDs =5) T (mA)

3 8 73
-0 5 3. 064
518
-15 O 962
2 O O0 977

-2 5
 S )
x/3.61xio
= 9 . 06 k )
32-978
Vgs =-2 V
(30-17 k2 x (3- 69x1 6 3 A - )
=
=109.818

TpecauMonh
Lhe hnee taminals o ke JFET mwst be Cufull
idendilied
2hackeálly
2Pacheälly JFET epntainso itn/nals,_UAO Q lly
NewreaOrmain, GateAufirate.
3 Saunee and east &honld be
Seunec shokt cizeuited
yoltegoex@oeong hetohng JFET sknls nt be
Ppied
5,Readings ihoula e 4aken Cauly.
 Interactive
d àr 3 E Y
U
U3

-0.844m
a1
R1 DC 1e-09Ohm
((DBFw11 R2
1ka 1ka

V_GS VDSS
V_GG DC 10MOhm DC 10MOhm
DD
1V 1V
Key A

Design1Design 6
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICs

12

-Vg-0; d Vg-1; ld
Transfer characteristics
 Name- anoy ana
Roll- 8 TEI H/10 i79/2
ECE Branch , Sec- A
Sub Code - EC 102

Fnyoesimeht 7

Him- esign oRC_phase shjt Cs eilatoi us/ng IC 74)

OP-AMP and inding 0suoney o illak en

Seyhoone. s ed NI Multisim 14.2

pnatosKeguinesl: Dual De fecoer Spply
2 CRO

2. Gp aei ton 0 / MF
Circuit Compon ens: IC 741
3. Ress toms 8 2 ka, loka, 33 kA, 970ko.,

Theoy OP AMPIC 741

he 741 the d/aher _all p Mah omal
ampukisampljies on a_ Wip)Orc is aolvan tA
adan frj
hat eorp ens ated it u n ey r0Aponse
tailoned fo _ens e hat under met
Cheumstances it wmt hodu@e unwanted sptuwieus
O3illah ov. eas fo use.,
but tKe docn-Side o
hehepooA Spe ain PHomn ee_ omAaned t
mo dejUN CmP
The 71
The uall A p i eo in_an
8-pinDIL° dual in ne) or deDIP ( Oual nluha laekage.
oTth apinott. Due fo he
741 's Vo Haqe_gain a s capily t h mereatha
the D
Sign al no9 a.hco
 St CgmsiAt od aha
KC phase sht Oseiledor
Cas Cade noaarks as ,
as
aplier and 3RC
hOfatrkprovidu
Cdbackerceit. The
The. eedhack Re
exae
enaety 180 pkase sht Tohs phaAD shipt un

eueney oseillaf o o-065/R

Cenn ect heeneuit_as sho _in Ke cm@w 3hen

Okicrve Sm usO olal output on CR
3. Measere e bimn prio otKe Shuiaioal wave
ARA Calealata ts
Compate mcasutcd = 0065/Pe

Result
Lime leio d = 11-0 32 ms

tained hceuch Cy 71 26 H
Caleulate! azuonoy= 65.0 H
Deneu in obtincd and dale.lated taeguone= 6.25,

nee aquhons
Maka the Cnhe@h ons Cus Ahons in
Conne@k lordcr 3upPP ky ond ckt. diajnam
OfeilloCope in eoAr
3. 7ake potarites.
e_ooliS oaull
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Ele Edit Yew Place McU Simuate Tragsfer Iools Beports ptionsWndow Help

dar E nteractive
Design Toolbox l R1 RZ

- w
8.2KD Oscilloscope-XSC1

2Designt
Design
Design 6

Desugn
esian7
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Designda
esignab
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Design2 R6 741
Design2

12
Chanhel
1.706 Reverve
L735 .034 V
S3.880 m
0.720 m
| R3
E.tgo
R4 Timetae naniner
RS
10Ka 10kO
pos-(Dw Ypo(DN: O pOs-(ON) 0 V
T dd RA NBAC o DC O AC 0 DC C Single Normel Auto None

Herarcthy nabiry DesigntDesign6Design-GDesigndaGDesignäb|Design2-

Multisim 16 February 2022, 09:1336
Probes do not plot to the Grapher for interactive simulation Connect an oscilloscope or run a transient simulation to see Grapher data
ProDe

Resuts Nets Components Cogper liayers Simuilation

Designe Simulating ra 1./825.
NG
13:06
IN 16-02-Z024
 Name-Hancy elana
Roll No- 8 TEelH /1o |73 /21
Branch- ECE See-A
Sus Code- Ec 102

Expaimet 8
amplie_using IC 74 OP-AMP
Hin (A) Desiqn o invertng
and inding_ it

Sotoare Used:- NI Mulisin 14.2

Heparatus Keguiresd- lowersupply . AC MMu'voltmeTt

2 Functon 9eniHÅtoe

euit Compoments- Ie741

Kesistors 97KA, 17o k

Theory
IvekngOptrahen
nyectin9 al plipas Cont1guLachon: n h inverhing
ampliie CHeuitE op Lhattional qmpll fies
Connects wi h Jesdbuok o_ptodu ee 'a elodeo_
lotp opekation Jmpostant Rules bronutinVerhhg_amplizles

No ewwront loos o_ input teoninals

2.
The
The dilHerontiol ineut valtage. ujUO a6 k = h =0 (Vrual
eah)
The iny utin9 Op eOI on pelor maA 6y eineit

oltoumined R0=R R a Rasi stod R

provides he 0negahve
gahve
Leedback. Sinw the.itpu-
ppie to the ative inp ut
tmi'nal, he otput wil 6e investeels ( . 180 out
 COmp oLed b_inp ut
Hence
phase)
the Curent_toho inverhng tput is 0 Thaere
0- Vou
thus, Jh Vin- =If=
R
Snce Vin Vou
Ra
Vout-R
Thus Te Clsiad loop Moltage2an AcLYerd
VIn R
Po cedwre
Coneet the
ckt as shoum
9
ke R= 47 k2, Rpe Ra= 70 k

3. keap
keop Vin 00mV kce
=

V he juquaney romb H2 onwands kaeping Vn lnv

Cpnled)and La o readin.
5.
Plot 9ain (dB) a2ainsE
6. Rep.eat steps 2 to 5

Find 3 dB point u e n eies ang Fandcid

8.Cormpahe the n-"bandwidh_prodluet
9
Obierkeirput and ouput_ Ua er me

Rebult
Case 1
Matimum gain = 20 ole
2
3 de gdin = 17 cle
3 . Max
vol
VVoltage cuehb= 10 0)
qain
3 delowe uone() = 0 H
5 3 de hi'ghe
Cutot (ta)=_86-8 5
A On
C.3 deB hd widh [BO= V P S6-825
ainaín bandwidh Preoduct = 8anduidth x Max .qa
=1736.s kH
 (ied= l0 0 mU
OhsezvaHions input Vo Hae
Case 1: R=47 k

Output VoHage Voltage golh

Erqucney (H2) (Vonucl/ Vin 2 1o Vinde
Vout(vot)
20 bo
00l
00l 10 01 20
20
20
40
56
20

2 00 20
O. 999219 . 799 19 99
2. 999
800 H 0.999 9 19-99
1 kH z .9998 76 9.998 9 99
5 kMz 9 992
0 99929
o kH2 0.9933 9.933 19 94
o.9 73586 9.735 19 7
100kHz 0-555713 5-557E 4- 89
500 kHz O-1 20 6 45 206 626
800KHz 0 0755 0 7S5 - 2.441
 Case 2: R =9 7 k

e q ueh ey Output vol ge Voltage oh

(H Ver(vot) Vout/Vin) /20 Yel
Yer/
do Vin
dB

l o Hz 8891 88.91 3-97

50 Hz 8-891 88 91 38 37
7o Hz 8 89 2 8 8. 9 2 38.7

8o Hz 8.893 88-93 38-78

00 Hz 8 893 8 8. 93 38.92
2 00 Hz 8 8 95 88.95 38 99
4 0d Hz 8-9 38-72
8 00 H2 8 892 88. 92 38 97
kHz 8 887 88-87 38.97
2 kH2 8- 8 3 0 88 30 38.91
5 kMz 8 317 8 8-17 38 13
to kH2 5-8 58 35. 2 6
20 kH2 3 088 30 8& 29 79
oo kHz O 6277 6 277 16- 95
S00 kH2 f256 979
 Case2 17k
MaMar qain 38 98 dB
2 3 dB ain =
35 98 dB
3 max volta9Lain 89
1 db w r euto 9ch ey ( t ) = OHz
5 3dB higher Cutoph g 88 22 k
e e n e y fa) = 9:38
klz
.3dB banshuridth (u)-a 9-88 2kH
ah 6 ang uriahAroeuet bandidth x gaia (Ma)
9 88 2x 38-28
385-2 kH2

Ireeantiom^
Make he Cnne h ons as hown in creuut di'apram
The Ve and und skonle be_applieo carcply a7
peeifieo ph ony
Conneet une hogneralo nd oIcilotCpe at
Cozeet_ pdarib
Take haolimgs Capully
 in-UseList-*

d rB Y Ë II Inter
2 3

XBP1

R2
w IN OUT
R1
470kD
w
4./ka

XMMI
1 U1
100mVrms
)100Hz

v3
12V
Rl=47Kohm

10 20 50 70 100 200 500 700 1K 2K TK 10K 20K 40K 7OK 100K 200K 500K

Frequencytz)
Gain vs Frequency R1=4.7K Ohm

.
Frequency(Hz)
i Design2-Multisim-1Design
Elle Edit View Place MCU Simulate Trapsfer Tools Beports Qptions Window Help X

dd r E 3 s Interactivee
Design Toolbox l BodePlotter-XBP1
Megnitude Phose
Designt XHPI

Designt Horzontai
Design 6 LOg

Desugn o 470ka
d
Deian7 4./K
ontrols
Design2
1 Designe Reverse Sve Se
v2
12V

10.824 36.337 0
0 h O- 0 0Out O-
100mVrms

12V

nabity EDesgnDesign6-|EDesignF Design2-

Multisim 16 February 2022, 09:1336
Probes do not plot to the Grapher for interactive simulation Connect an oscilloscope or run a transient simulation to see Grapher data

Resuts NetsCormponents Copper iayers) Simuilation

instrument: RefDes(XBPT); Name(Bode Platter; Location(A5) Design2: Simulating Tran 119.7125
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 Le 74/
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10 20 50 70 100 200 500 700 1K 2K 3K SKTK 10K 20K 5OK 70K 100K 200K 500K

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Probes do not plot to the Grapher for interactive simulation Connect an oscilloscope or run a transient simulation to see Grapher data

Resuts NetsCormponents Cogper iayers Simuiltion

For Help, press F1 Desagne Simulatina ran U.USS 5

NG 12:29
IN T6-02-2022
 EXPL. No.

COBAGLALIAGO DAORILALOEYACO DADELALDEVCOBADILALOE Y2cO.BADILALDETACO.BADIALOEVAEO.BADAILALDETAE DAORILALOEYAGoBADRIALDEVACE.BAORILALOEY&CO 0ADILALDEYACO DADRIALDETACO.BADRILALDEYSCO 8ADRILALE

Name-Fanoy e/ana
Roll No-BTECA.lOT3/21-
Braneh-ECE See-A
Sub Code-Eelo2

E eiment No. 9

Aim- Kealizakien o_kasia loga 9atea (AND ,OR, NOTusin

NAND 9at Ie 7400)

oq troare used- NI Multsim 4.2

Hppanatu seguined= De_ferde supply

Cincut-Compomen-_) Ic 740 0

heory The A ND 9alo u sad to be a unvesrsal

gale
2 a l kecause ay ahers_9eto as well as any
diaitasdystam Can_be implemantao i it
Canblnaftonal ereuit ansdAcgudonk'al reutA
Can 6e Consheuetedscihh gal keeause
Cs well
e i n e u Can 6e Corstuetaot.ln two NAND
Thekup ={lop_
9ales Conh ela brek o buek
The_NAND Not - AND) 9ala has an outputt t
20tmally at legie Level 1 ano only grs elON fa
at
Cavel "o hon ALL nutk ar
"

Cevel "1" he Loq NANDa hezwende

56412

DEN
emplimentauJom
éNDP eAA/ on ve
ho PND gate Ihe lyie
NAND
os Boolean
Kat_er
SLE
nary
Date Teacher's Signature *****"***'''***°***°"*******
Remarks: ******°******
*********************
* * * * * * ' * ° ° " * * * " " * * * * * * " * * * * * ° '
 Dalo

Expt. No.
9RLALDEY&CO DADRILAL DEY&. Co. BADRILAL DEY &CO, BADFILAL DEYA CO. BADRILAL DEY &CO. BADRILALDEYACO DADRILAL DEYA Co DADAILAL OEYACO DADAILAL DEYA GO. DADAILAL DEYACO. DADAILALOEY ACO. DADAILAL DEY &Co, DADRILAL DEY &CO, BAORILAL DEY& CO. 0ADAILALDEY

Loqkal Addition,Whieh i he opcstkon he ANA gat, anat

uhieh it Compnent o Reinpus. he lorms o fhe
Bnloanerpreson ora loqie NAND ta olenotad by
aSingle I dot ot. Lall. Stpa uakal,LLeih a n o
Ovenline-ave he 'erypedior h Sza o No7
ical mgat n the NAND
UBclean Uenphebion 0 AB =&.

NAND 9a ane avzilakle._uAing ol2itak_uheut

produ ce V e desihesl loqical_laneon and yiugh
a Sumho whoseAhape Kato a stahdatd Anh a
azith a Jomeides Caled an
2ephes ent he_NOT
fhe ica pualion o WAND 9 -

ho mplemenfahonu o the AND , OR and NoT OpArahos

ath NAND 9al shown in h2 The NoT opArahahn
dhteined om dne-input NANN gal Tho 'AND
operaon aguinos tan WAND 9as. The hát_p rodu ees
R inwertal AND ano e Vsce ond a
TRe as
tverta o prrdue K nahmalouput_The OR Opshah'on
is aehieved krsu_a NANA9a adalhonad
LnVenler each input
2-Input Logic NAND 9als
TPk Table. &
B
O
Symbol
A
B
6412
DEN L 2-nput NAND 9ale
LE
ary
Remarks Date
* s e * * * * s*ao****o*** *************o******.***********
******************************'**| Teacher's Signature.
 Expt. No.
9 ADEY&CO. BADRILAL DEY& co. DADRILAL DEY& CO DADFILAL DEYA Co DADIILAL DEY& CO DADInILAL DEYA CO BADRILAL DEYA CO DADIIAL DFY& CO OADILA DEYA CO, UADNILAL DEYA CO DADILAL
DEYcO DAORILALDEY CO, 0ADRILAL DEY& cO.BAORILAL DEYL CO. OAORILAL DEY

Boolcanenphesd/ on AB
Read as A AND B9ves NoTa
YeOCedleure :
. Conhe ef he eikeuit
shocn in hekt olagram as

2. be or STAi ng 0N_Daer Supplys make ue a t he

Coneti on are Coce
SHplÁ impukt kepio dtek doda menhi oneol 1n
tth fasle fi a t5 vati r Ath1 d
_volts_o ft O.
the neAult _frulhness
5. Ueiy_hedul

6. Repat itps 3 5.
Csanvation Ta6 le

O Veriny Truth Table f (i) Veujung Truk taklo ot

S

AND gate OR t e
INPUT OU TPUT INP,UT OUTP0T
A B B
O
O

Tth tab ot NoT gata

INPUT (x) 0UTPUTY

412
EN
E

Remarks. *****e**************************************************
Date...... **********"*** Teacher's Signature . * ********************
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP:

D
NOT GATE

(AB)
AB
AND GATE

(ABY A+ B

OR GATE
PIN DIAGRAM OF IC7400
42-1NPUTS NAND GATE

rput gate 11 o14 2n 6VHC

+5V LSIHCT
input gate 1 2 13 input gate 4
outputgate 13 12 input gate4
input gate 24 7400 1 ouput gate 4
input gate 2 5 10 nput gate 3
output gate 2 6 irput gate: 3
ov 8 output gate 3

INTERNALGATE CONNECTION OFIC7400

VcC

[PDP
GND
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ENG 16-02-202
IN
1509
Design9 - Multisim- 1Design
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1
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Herarchy abilty Design1Design6-Design7-|EDesignda-1Design8b|EDesign7a|Desin9 ran 1.7365

NG
15:08
IN
16-02-20LE
 Expt. No.

NAME-ranoy_elana
Rol No- BTEVeH|1o173 2
Branch-EcE See-A
Sub eode- Ec 102

Enp eriment 10

Him Implem entati on Bonlean etne onF={A.RL + D.E)

AND 9ales Ic 7408) and OR a t /1e 7132)

Sotware wsed- N MubhSim 42

Appaatus Reauined-DC Pre iupply
Cireuit Compononts IC 7108
2 IC 743

"
heo y he OLutput State o_a Lo'e. AND sti ony
netuuA Jousagain_wJhen an4 nputi an
at a oge _lawo Sh_OK 0 uoros'fore
AND h Y any ou mput unl_zive low aput
Louicat Baolean enpresáiongiu
ven _Le a
diaifal PND 9to fKatt Loeal MAphcafio
Ajhich. alohotzd y a Sin dotot ullAto
Boulkan epesS/on A.A='@_

e deline ?inpuk lozie AND qal as 6einq

Remarks. ************** *********************************** Date... ***** Teacher's Signature.

zl
BAORILALD
BACLALDEYSEO B4OrLALOEVSCO DADRILALDEYACO BADILAL DEYACO ADnILALOYACO.BADRILALDEYACO DADRILALDEYACOUADDIUALDRYACO DADILALDEYACODAOILALDEY&CO DADRILALDEY&C BADRILALDEYECO BADAILALDE

bah A and 8 are toue, hen &i toua

Logie AND galo a e avlabe using dsital_cinouts to
pro cduceKe oesitedeial un@fon año_i gson by
la Symbol_whode shapay eapheseadhe lazicald
peracter o he AND gt
2-input Loqic ANA Ga
Symbol
B A
A
B*
O

Bootean ephessn = = A.8

Kea a
A AND 2ues Q
OR GATE
The output, a a Lo* OR_2t only netwrns "LON" agun whan
The
ALL o_Lpur au afa ye love on oten aw
oR a y HiGH inpt w
qie HGH
loue leve e _Gat.
oie r Beolcan eapnesien Nn digitnl Azia
OR i Kat r Losjeal Alethion LLiL
alenoteo-
4) qun
Thusa loie OR ate oan be a oaM ehnClusive
ORat"_kteausehe outpct
inpuls_ae tre(HIGH hon Ne Can dep'ne Re

petaim o a 2-inp

u" ether A_or B trus, hon

hen i s ou"

Remarks.. ***°*°°* ***********°********************° Date .. ****°******°*****°****'°*** Teacher's Signature..****°***********************°°*"*'*

 LADL. TNNO.
BADRILALDEY& CO BADAILAL DEYA co. DADRILAL DEYA CO BADLAL DEY& co BADHILALDLYA CO. DAD AL DLY ACo, UADNIUAL DI YACO
UADIILAL, DE YA CO DADILAL DEYACO JAOIALDETA G9. DAOAILAL DE 9 BAORILALDEZA CO OAOAILAL DEY LCO BAORILAL DEYZ CO BAORILAL DEYE

Loqie OR 9Tes ae aUailable_using digitals eineuk

propro dtdee he desited lopeal fundHion and i
iven Symbol Whase Shap e psona e loqcal
he aR ga
he 2-inpu logic OR a

TrhTable Symbot
B AT
O
A

Boslaanerhesi on = A +B
Read as A ORB ives

peedure
. Connedhe ercuut as Ah own in e cincuit oliagram
2. Belor e witckng ON poweSUp,maka dwre hat-
Conneeióhs ate
2 Pppl he fnput logic as pov Thuh Taól in
Hm o
t5 vatt Att -1_and 0 volt Le sht-o.
Oltwveho ouLtput dfals.
5 Veuily 7asult o touthneAS.
6Repe staps pon 3 _ all_prrsibc embm a i C ong3.

Remarks. . **a*******r***************
*********
Date. e***ssse**********"***** TeachersSignature. ********""*****"*********
 AP

9ADILALDEY6 CO. BADRILAL DEY& cO BADRILAL DEY& CO. BADFILAL DEY &co. DADIRILA DEYA CO DADILAL DEY ACo, UADNLAL OLYA CO OADILAL DIYAC9. DADILALDEYAGO
DAOILALDEYL GO, DADBILAL DEYL CO, DADAILAL DEY& cO BADAILALOFY& CO BAOAILAL DEY& cO. BADRILALDE

Dbsenvafon
TnPuts h temadiate th n al Output
A l8'C DEF A.B.C D.EF= A.B.C +0.E
O O
O O
O O

Oo1o 0 O O
O O

oo O

F
O

O
O

Remarks . ********e**********************"'****°"**** ********* Date ********** Teachers Signature.

 CApL. NO.
BADRIA
DALDEY&CO BADAILAL DEYAGO BAORILAL OEYA Co BADRILAL OEY& CO. 0ADRILAL OEY &Co, DADIRILAL DIEY ACO DADRILAL OEY CO. DADAILAL DEYA CO.
DAPIIALDELACO DADAILALDELACO AADAILAL DEYLCO BADALALDELAGo BARBILAL DEYA CO BADAILAL OE
Input tem.ediat Finel autput
A B'c D E F=A.B.C =DE j AB.C +D.E
O

Remarks.. ********************************* ************

Date ***************************** Teacher's Signature. ***

*************".
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U1C

Key D
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E
Key = E

Hierarchy Visibility Proje Designt

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Design1: Simulating
SIN IN
ENG 1523
T6-02-2022
Design10-Multisim-[Design10

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408N

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Key E

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Design10: Simulating.- Tran:
1447
ENG 1133
N 21-02-2022
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Tran: 3.2065
Design 10: Simulating.
ENG 11:33
IN 21-02-2022 3
 Subject/Important Note : Page No.
Date
Expt.No.
AD STA HSHIAL AS EAGILAL A ALALG AED HILALGETASO AIALBEAGO BGIALURYAG.BADILALURTAGO BAUIADEIAEO JHORSALGRZKSD ORIA RAG RALGRTA UIAURTAC URLALRTREO HAURIKLDREY
D
Name- panay Jana
Roll No- BTECUH /1o/73/21
Branch- ECE See- A
Sub Code- ECl02

Expeuiment 11

Aim- Generaton o Amplzieol Moculabed wave nd ealeulao

pareentae ot mo duladion nsing Atandae sctup.
Sqtware usesl-_Emb e SE 2020.2

Theo
Ampkied Moduladionm detined as a_procass_ia iieh o
amplitudle o he cati Vwave at)' 6 varied lineeny
Ari the tuhtaneotus a.mplitude q The mesáoAigal
mty he Atandard Jerm un AMM wave ien as

St)= Ac 1+ kam(t)1 eos 27 fat

where ka a Constant knaun as amplitua åensite

a he modulatok.
The demodulateon eieut used to e@o ver TKe
me%ago iqnalrom 7he incoming AMAM wave at Ko re@eivez

An envelbpe _deteoui a Sinypla. but kghly

d
elteckye oleuico that i_well suitebl_or R
demo dulat on a an AMwave, er ukih TKe modulah=
le han
kan 00% Jdeally,an envelepedetegto
R.N.256412

GOLDEN
Pro duceb n_Bulput hat [odlous TKe envelope
EAGLE

Ordinary
Remarks ********************* *** *************'*****'****
Date... *********" Teacher's Signature.************''***********'****"
 Subject/ Important Note: PageNo.
Date
Expt.No.
ADRILAL DEYAGO. RADNILALDYA CO PADILAL EEYA CO PADNLA PEYA CO DAUILA DETAEO. BADILAL ULIAEO HAOHILALURTA LO, MUÍIiALATALO HMGhHALGKTA LO MNAALA MGVLAIK AGRISARAIAO MITIAAAIKD MIAA UI KD AUhUALU

7he input signal twave erm enacty. Dome vesion oq

eiscuit ) s used in almost 0 all ommelueial
om me'Leial

AM taoio e Ce Vers

The moolul akon index dofinad as8

m
m = Emax -
Emin

Emax t Emin

mAnimMm ampdtude
Ema and Emin are The maimum ano
Ema
The maolula Taol wave

Irocedure :

.. ennect as pe 7Ko oliagamhhouwn in ig

the cireuit
inusorolalsinal oj Hz kequoney onk
ly
'andeaooi gna
amptude 2Vp-pas modulekng si9na
cucney / Hz and amkd 6-p
inetcase e ampbkde o he medulahing ina
Noro o u l
Yalues_eoten
to15v _and hon 2 ke0ping Casrve wave
and Emin in a Canes_
Net dotwn he walues Lmax.
aleulete he modulakon inde
tene ignal as ting_Sgnal ano
moduulating
6 pply he muilki-
anplihude /0 Vap
Cantie oguth oy 0Hz and he
Chreve Kehn omasn and eGuny oloman_
ho
PM-modulated anddemadulated signk Jo

meulti- dene odulatin nal

R.N.256412

GOLDEN
EAGLE
Teacher's Signature
**.' * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ' * * * * *

Ordinary
Date:
Remarks...
********************************"'** "********* ***
 bservation
min mo dulafion
S.N. Am() Em (
4
15 5 3-5 30
2

2 0

For Am= 1 V, m= O.2

Am- 1-5 V, m= 3

Am 2 V,
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instruments
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RF 10 Hz Cosine Hh Order 12 HE
Signal inks LButerworth Lowpass
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vetorop
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File Edit View System Analyze Blocks State Charts Motion Diagrams Wireless Comm ToosWindow Hep
u Mnn wl
n + MD+
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instrument

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Kumar
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truments

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Comm Module Random Seec
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Diagram Frequency (Hz)
Kumar
k 10 Rna 0 10- a 0.01 0 R
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 Page No.
Subject/Important Note:
Date
Expt. No.

DADRILAL DEY ACO. BADRILAL OEYA CO. BADAILAL DEYA CO. DADAILAL DEYACO. DADRILAL OFYA CO. OADNLAL DEYA CO DADILAL DFYACO. DAOAILA DEYAGO DADALAL DFYACO DAOILAL DETA CGO DAORILAL DEZACO DADRILAL DEY &CO. DADAILAL DEY ACO DADRILAL DEY& co BADRILALDEY

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 Page No.
Subject/ Important Note :
Date
Expt. No.
EBADHILAL DEYAC AOIA DOACO BADRLA DEYACOIaOFIALDI ACORATIALDEYACO AURVALOTYACO DADTIALGRYACO DAOALDYAGO BAGIALDEEAGORADISA rTAED ADIALD0 BAORIADacoOADEZEEODADILALDEco DAORILA

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 Subject/ImportantNote: Page No.
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BADRILAL DEY& CO BADAILALOEY ACO, BADRILAL DENACO 0ADTILAL DEYACO DADNILAL DEYACO, DADRILALDEYA CO DADnILAL DEY ACO DADILADLYA CO DAONIALDEYA G0 0ADIALDETAGO DADRILALORYGGO.DADRILAL DEY&CO DADAILAL DET2 CO BAORILALDEYLCO BAORILAL

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******************* * Teacher's Signature..
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