PROJECT : MINI PROJECT ECS338 SHEET

NO
:
STRUCTURAL MEMBER : PAD FOOTING

1
DESIGN BY : CHECK BY : DATE :
MUHAMMAD AQIL 7/2/2022
BIN ZULKIFLY

REF. CALCULATIONS OUTPUT

Pad Footing
Specification

𝑐𝑛𝑜𝑚 = 35mm
Concrete Characteristic Strength, 𝑓𝑐𝑘 = 25 N/𝑚𝑚2
Steel Characteristic Strength, 𝑓𝑦𝑘 = 500 N/𝑚𝑚2
Assumed ø𝑏𝑎𝑟 = 20 mm
Permanent action, 𝐺𝑘 = 83.4 kN
Variable action, 𝑄𝑘 = 8.34 kN
Axial Load, 𝑁𝐸𝐷 = 125.03 kN
Soil Bearing Capacity = 200 kN/𝑚2

Footing size (estimation)

At SLS, service load = 1.0 𝐺𝑘 + 1.0 𝑄𝑘
= 83.4 + 8.34
= 91.74 kN
Assume the self-weight of footing is 10% of the service load,
s/w footing = 10% (91.74) = 9.17 kN
Total service load = 91.74 + 9.17 = 100.91 kN
Area of footing required = 100.91/200
= 0.5 kN/𝑚2

Minimum size of footing required = 0.5^1/2= 0.71 m

OK
Provide a square footing of 1.5 m × 1.5 m (𝐴𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣 = 2.25 𝑚2 > 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑞 )
 PROJECT : MINI PROJECT ECS338 SHEET
NO
:
STRUCTURAL MEMBER : PAD FOOTING

2
DESIGN BY : CHECK BY : DATE :
MUHAMMAD AQIL 7/2/2022
BIN ZULKIFLY

REF. CALCULATIONS OUTPUT

Loading analysis
At ULS, 𝑁𝑒𝑑 = 1.35 𝐺𝑘 + 1.5 𝑄𝑘
= 1.35 (83.4) + 1.5 (8.34)
= 125.1 kN

Soil pressure at ultimate load, P = 𝑁𝑒𝑑 /𝐴

= 125.1/ 2.25
= 55.6 kN/𝑚2

Soil pressure per meter length, w = 55.6 × 1.5 = 83.4 kN/m

Calculate the moment lever arm,

𝑙𝑐 = (1.5 – 0.152)/2
= 0.7 m

Maximum moment at the face of the column,

M= 𝑤𝑙 2 /2
= (83.4 × 0.72 )/2
= 20.43 kNm
 PROJECT : MINI PROJECT ECS338 SHEET
NO
:
STRUCTURAL MEMBER : PAD FOOTING

3
DESIGN BY : CHECK BY : DATE :
MUHAMMAD AQIL 7/2/2022
BIN ZULKIFLY

REF. CALCULATIONS OUTPUT

Main reinforcement

Minimum effective depth, 𝑑𝑚𝑖𝑛 = h - 𝑐𝑛𝑜𝑚 – 1.5 ø𝑏𝑎𝑟

= 300 – 30 – (1.5 × 20)
= 240 mm

Main reinforcement, K = M/ bd²𝑓𝑐𝑘

= 20.43×106 / (1500 × 240² × 25)
= 0.01

Z = 0.95d
= 0.95(240)
= 228

𝐴𝑠,𝑟𝑒𝑞 = M/0.87 𝑓𝑦𝑘 𝑧

= 20.43×106 / (0.87) (500) (228)
= 205.99 mm²

∴ (Provide = 3H20 – 943mm² for both directions)

Check min and max

𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.26 (𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑚 / 𝑓𝑦𝑘 )bd ≥ 0.0013 bd
= 0.26 (2.6/500) (1500) (240) ≥ 0.0013 (1500) (240)
= 487 mm² ≥ 468 mm²

𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04 (1500) (300)

= 0.04 (1500) (300)
= 18000 mm²

𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 487 mm2 < 𝐴𝑠,𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣 = 943 mm2 < 𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 18000 mm2
 PROJECT : MINI PROJECT ECS338 SHEET
NO
:
STRUCTURAL MEMBER : PAD FOOTING

4
DESIGN BY : CHECK BY : DATE :
MUHAMMAD AQIL 7/2/2022
BIN ZULKIFLY

REF. CALCULATIONS OUTPUT

Vertical Shear

Vertical shear at 1.0 d from the column face

Design vertical shear force, 𝑉𝑒𝑑 = P × Vertical shear area

= 55.6 × (0.46 × 1.5)
= 38.36 kN

Design shear resistance, 𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐 = [0.12k (100𝑝1 𝑓𝑐𝑘 )^1/3]bd

K = 1 + √200/𝑑 ≤ 2.0
= 1 + √200/240 ≤ 2.0
= 1.91 ≤ 2.0

𝑝1 = 2𝑙𝑐 /bd < 0.02

= 2(700)/ (1552) (240) < 0.02
= 0.004 < 0.02
 PROJECT : MINI PROJECT ECS338 SHEET
NO
:
STRUCTURAL MEMBER : PAD FOOTING

5
DESIGN BY : CHECK BY : DATE :
MUHAMMAD AQIL 7/2/2022
BIN ZULKIFLY

REF. CALCULATIONS OUTPUT

𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐 = [0.12k(100𝑝1 𝑓𝑐𝑘 )^1/3]bd
= [0.12 (1.91) (100×0.004×25)^1/3] × 1500 × 240
= 178 kN

𝑉𝑚𝑖𝑛 = [0.035k^3/2 𝑓𝑐𝑘 ^1/2] bd

= [0.035(1.91)^3/2 (25)^1/2 ]× 1500 × 240
= 166.30 Kn

∴ Use 𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐 = 178 kN

Compare with the vertical shear, VEd

𝑉𝑒𝑑 (38.36 kN) < 𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐 (178 kN)

∴ Vertical shear check pass

 PROJECT : MINI PROJECT ECS338 SHEET
NO
:
STRUCTURAL MEMBER : PAD FOOTING

6
DESIGN BY : CHECK BY : DATE :
MUHAMMAD AQIL MADAM HASLIN 7/2/2022
BIN ZULKIFLY IDAYU
BINTI AMARUDDIN

REF. CALCULATIONS OUTPUT

Punching Shear

Critical at perimeter 2.0d from column face

Critical perimeter, U = column perimeter + 4πd

= 4 (152) + 4π (240)
= 3624 mm

Critical area within

Perimeter = (𝑐 + 4𝑑)2 − (4 − π) (2𝑑)2
= (152 + 4(240)) ² - (4- π) (2(240)) ²
= 1.04 m²

Punching shear = P (area of footing - critical area)

Force, 𝑉𝐸𝑑 = 55.6 (1.5² - 1.04)
= 67.28 kN

Punching shear stress, 𝑉𝐸𝑑 = 𝑉𝐸𝑑 / (critical perimeter × d)

= 67.28 × 10³ / (3624 × 240)
=0.08 N/mm²

Shear stress resistance, 𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐 = 𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐 /bd

= 178 × 10³ / (1552) (240)
= 0.48 N/mm²

Compare with 𝑉𝐸𝑑

𝑉𝐸𝑑 (0.08 N/mm²) < 𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐 (0.48 N/mm²)

∴ Punching shear check pass

 PROJECT : MINI PROJECT ECS338 SHEET
NO
:
STRUCTURAL MEMBER : PAD FOOTING

7
DESIGN BY : CHECK BY : DATE :
MUHAMMAD AQIL 7/2/2022
BIN ZULKIFLY

REF. CALCULATIONS OUTPUT

Maximum punching shear: Critical at column perimeter

Maximum shear resistance, = 0.5 [ 0.6 (1 - 𝑓𝑐𝑘 /250)] ( 𝑓𝑐𝑘 /1.5)

𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.5 [0.6 (1 – 25/250)] (25/250)
= 4.5 N/mm²

Maximum shear stress, = 𝑁𝐸𝐷 / column perimeter × d

𝑉𝐸𝑑𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 125.03 × 10³/ (4 × 152 × 240)
= 0.86 N/mm² < 𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑚𝑎𝑥
∴ Maximum shear check pass

Cracking

Steel stress under the action of quasi permanent loading

𝐹𝑠 = (𝑓𝑦𝑘 /1.15) [(𝐺𝑘 + 0.3𝑄𝑘 )/ (1.35𝐺𝑘 + 1.5𝑄𝑘 )]

= (500/1.15) [(83.4 + 0.3 × 8.34)/ (1.35 × 83.4 + 1.5 × 8.34)]
= 298.54 N/mm²

For design crack width = 0.3 mm

Interpolation

Steel stress Crack width = 0.3 mm

280 150
298.5 126.88
320 100
 PROJECT : MINI PROJECT ECS338 SHEET
NO
:
STRUCTURAL MEMBER : PAD FOOTING

8
DESIGN BY : CHECK BY : DATE :
MUHAMMAD AQIL 7/2/2022
BIN ZULKIFLY

REF. CALCULATIONS OUTPUT

(298.5 – 280)/ (320 – 280) = (x – 150)/ (100 – 150)

X = 126.88 mm

Maximum bar spacing

= (b - 2𝑐𝑛𝑜𝑚 - ø𝑏𝑎𝑟 )/ (No. of bar – 1) < 126.88 mm

= (1552 – 2(35) – 20)/ (3 – 1) < 126.88 mm
= 731 mm > 126.88 mm
∴ FAIL!
 PROJECT : MINI PROJECT ECS338 SHEET
NO
:
STRUCTURAL MEMBER : PAD FOOTING

9
DESIGN BY : CHECK BY : DATE :
MUHAMMAD AQIL BIN 7/2/2022
ZULKIFLY

REF. CALCULATIONS OUTPUT

Change the main bar to 13H20

Maximum bar spacing

= (b - 2𝑐𝑛𝑜𝑚 - ø𝑏𝑎𝑟 )/ (No. of bar – 1) < 126.88 mm
= (1552 – 2(35) – 20)/ (13-1) < 126.88 mm
= 121.8 mm < 126.88 mm
∴ Crack check pass

Detailing