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DNA and RNA (Worksheet)

Q.1. What is the basic building block of nucleic acids?
a) Nucleotides b) Nucleus
c) Cells d) Amino acids

Q.2. Which of the following is NOT a component of the nucleotides?

a) A nitrogenous base b) A five-carbon sugar
c) A carboxyl group d) A phosphate group

Q.3. Label the names of the nitrogenous bases in DNA and RNA.

Q.4. Fill in the blanks with suitable words to compare DNA and RNA.
DNA RNA
 A nucleic acid, called  A nucleic acid, called
______________________. _________________________.
 The sugar in DNA is _______________.  The sugar in RNA is _______________.
 DNA is __________ stranded.  RNA is __________ stranded.

Q.5. In DNA, Adenine always pairs with _______________.

a) Uracil b) Cytosine
c) Guanine d) Thymine

Q.6. How many different kinds of bases can be found on RNA?

a) 3 b) 4
c) 5 e) 6
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Q.7. Which of the following nitrogenous bases are purines?

a) Adenine and Guanine b) Adenine and Cytosine
c) Uracil and Guanine d) Thymine and Cytosine

Q.8. Which of the following nitrogenous bases are pyrimidines?

a) Adenine and Guanine b) Adenine and Cytosine
c) Uracil and Guanine d) Thymine and Cytosine

Q.9. Which of the following scientists proposed the structure of DNA as a double helix?
a) Theodor Schwann and Rudolf Virchow b) James Watson and Francis Crick
c) Robert Brown and Lynn Margulis d) Marie Curie and Gregor Mendel

Q.10. Which of the following term is defined as the process of making an exact copy of the
DNA molecule from an original DNA molecule?
a) DNA Replication b) Transcription
c) Translation d) Gene expression

Q.11. Which of the following term is defined as the process of synthesizing complementary
RNA molecules by using DNA?
a) DNA Replication b) Translation
c) Transcription d) Gene expression

Q.12. A DNA strand has the following bases.

What would be the complementary RNA strand?

a) b)

c) d)

Q.13. Which type of RNA carries the genetic information from DNA during transcription?
a) messenger RNA (mRNA) b) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) c) transfer RNA (tRNA)

Q.14. Which type of RNA carries amino acid to the ribosome during protein synthesis?
a) messenger RNA (mRNA) b) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) c) transfer RNA (tRNA)

Q.15. Which type of RNA becomes part of the ribosome and is responsible for synthesizing
proteins?
a) messenger RNA (mRNA) b) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) c) transfer RNA (tRNA)