NSCP C101-15 Chapter 4 STRUCTURAL CONCRETE NATIONAL STRUCTURAL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES VOLUME I BUILDINGS, TOWERS AND OTHER VERTICAL STRUCTURES SEVENTH EDITION, 2015 Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. Suite 713, Future Point Plaza Condominium 1 112 Panay Avenue, Quezon City, Philippines 1100 assponline@ymallcom http://www.aseponline.org National Structural Code of the Philipines Volume I, 7th Elton, 2015CHAPTER 4 ~ Structural Concrete 4-1 Table of Contents SECTION 401 nnn GENERAL REQUIREMENTS. 401.1 Scope. 4012 General 4013 Purpose 401.4 Applicability. 401.5 Interpretation 401.6 Building Offi 401.7 Licensed Design Professional 401.8 Construction Documents and Design Records 401.9 Testing and Inspection... 401.10 Approval of Special Systems of Design, Contocton, (or Alternative Consirvetion Materials. 401.11 Provisions for Earthquake Resistance ae vo i i REFERENCED STANDARDS 403.1 SOP earn 403.2 Referenced Standards. SECTION 404... 404.1 404.2 4043 404.4 Secu System and Load Pats. 404.5 Structural ANALYSIS ern 404.6. Strength 404.7 Serviceability 4048 Durability 404.9 Sustainability... 404.10 Structural Integrity 404.11 Fire Resistance 404.12 Requirements for Speci fc Types of Cnsrcton 404.13 Construction and Inspection non: 7 404.14 Strength Evaluation of Exist SECTION 408 sun LOADS, 405.1 Scope 405.2 General 405.3 Load Factors and Combinetions.. SECTION 406 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS... National Structural Code ofthe Phippines Volume f, 7 Eaton, 20153 Modeling. 4064 Arrangement of Live Load .. 4065 Simplified Method of Analysis for Noa-Presressed Continous Beams and ‘One-way Sia 406.6 First-order Analy . son . 406.7 Elastic Second-order Analysis. 406.8 — Inelastic Second-Order Analysis... 406.9 Acceptability of Finite Element Analysis. 13 Design Limits... 407.4 Required Strength 407.5 Design Strength... 407.6 Reinforcement Limits. 407.7 Reinforcement Detailing. Design Strength 408.6 Reinforcement Limits. 408.7 Reinforcement Detailing, 408.8 Nor reseed Two-Way Jost System 408.9 Lift-slab Construction. 408.10 Direct Design Method 408,11 Equivalent Frame Method SECTION 409 . Scope . 409.2 General 409.3 Design Limits 409.4 Required Strength 409.5 Design Strength 409.6 Reinforcement Li 3 Design Limits 410.4 Required Strength.. 410.5 Design Strength 4106 Reinforcement Limi ‘Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (ASEP)CHAPTER 4~ Structural Concrete 4 410.7 Reinforcement Detailing SECTION 411... WALLS essen ALLL Scope. 4112 General ALL3 Design Limits ALLA Required Strength, 4115 Design Strength cons 411.6 — Reinforcement Limits, seats 411.7 Reinforcement Detailing . : 411.8 Alternative Method for Out-of-Plane Slender Wall Analysis SECTION 412. DIAPHRAGMS 412.1 Scope 412.2 General... 412.3 Design Limits 412.4 Required Strength 412.5 Design Strength. 412.6 Reinforcement Limits. 412.7 Reinforcement Detailing SECTION 413 ssenn FOUNDATIONS. 413.1 Scope... 413.2 General 4133 Shallow Foundations, 4134 Deep Foundations. SECTION 414. PLAIN CONCRETE. 414.1 Scope. 4142. General. 4143 Design Limits 414.4 Required Strength... 414.5 Design Strength. 414.6 Reinforcement Detailing. SECTION 415. BEAM-CONCRETE AND so SLAB-COLUMN JOINTS... AISA Scope... 4152 General ss . 4153. Transfer of Column Axial Force through the Floor System, 4154 Detailing of Joints. SECTION 416, CONNECTION BETWEEN MEMBERS... 416.1 Scope ven . 416.2 Connections of Precast Members... 4163 Connections to Foundations... 4164 Horizontal Shear Transfer in Composite Concrete Flexural Members National Structural Code of the Philippines Volume I, 7° Edition, 20154:4 CHAPTER 4 ~ Structural Conc 4165 Brackets and Corbels SBCTION 417. ANCHORING TO CONCRETE... 417.1 Scope... 417.2 General 4173. General Requirements for Strength of Anchor 417.4 Design Requirements for Tensile Loading... 417.5 Design Requirements for Shear Loading, 417.6 Interaction of Tensile and Shear Forces 4177 _ Required Edge Distances, Spacings, and Thicknesses to Preclude © Sliting Failure 417.8 Installation and Inspection of Anchors. SECTION 418 sono EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT STRUCTURES .. 418.1 Scope .. 4184 Intermediate Moment Frames... 418.5 _ Intermediate Precast Structural Walls. 418.6 Beams of Special Moment Frames. 418.7 Columns of Special Moment Frames. 418.8 Joints of Special Moment Frames. 418.9 Special Moment Frames Constructed Using Precast Concrete. 418.10 Special Structural Walls... 418.11 Special Structural Walls Constructed 418.12 Diaphragms and THUSSeS..0o. 418.13 Foundations 418.14 Members Not Designated as Part ofthe Seismic-Force-Resisting System. SECTION 419, CONCRETE: DESIGN AND DURABILITY REQUIREMENTS. 419.1 Scope 419.2. Conerete Design Properties... 4193 Concrete Durability Requirement 4193.1 Exposure Categories and Classes 419.4 Grout Durability Requirements SECTION 420 ‘STEEL REINFORCEMENT PROPERTIES, DURABILITY, AND EMBEDMENTS. A201 SCOPE vonron 4202 Non-Presiressed Bars and Wires. 420.3 Prestressing Strands, Wires, and Bars 420.5 Headed Shear Stud Reinforcement. 420.6 Provisions for Durability of Steet Reinforcement 420.7 Embedment os SECTION 421 119 123 123 125 127 128, 128 128. 129 13 131 131 131 139 STRENGTH REDUCTION FACTORS ss 139 4211 Scope.. 139 SECTION 422 ssn 1a SECTIONAL STRENGTH senso 42 142 142 4221 Scope. i 422.2 Design Assumptions for Moment and Axial Strength, Association of Structural Engineers ofthe Philippines, Inc. (ASEP)422.3. Flexural Strength oo 143 422.4 Axial Strength or Combined Flexural and Axial Strength 143 422.5 One-way Shear Strength sn 144 422.6 Two-Way Shear Strength 147 422.7 Torsional Strength, 150 £228 Bearing, 152 422.9 Shea Frietion.. a cn SSN ES ces 1S SECTION 423 rose STRUT-AND-TIE MODELS 423.1 Scope 423.2 General ror 423.3 Design Strength 423.44 Strength of Struts 423.5 Reinforeement Crossing Bottle-Shaped Struts 423.6 Strut Reinforcement Detling. : 423.7. Strength of Ties nen 423.8 Tie Reinforcement Detailing 4239 Strength of Nodal Zones. SECTION 424... SERVICEABILITY REQUIREMENTS. 424.1 Scope: 424.2 _Deflections Due to Service-Level Gravity Loads 424.3 Distribution of Flexural Reinforcement in One-Way Slabs and Beams. 424.4 Shrinkage and Temperature Reinforcement, 424.5 Permissible Stresses in Prestressed Conerete Flexural Members... SECTION 42: REINFORCEMENT DETAILS. 425.1 ScOpE mre 425.2 Minimum Spacing of Reinforcement 425.3 Standard Hooks, Seismic Hooks, Crossties, and Minimum Inside Bend Diameters 425.4 Development of Reinforcement 425.5 Splice nn 425.6 Bundled Reinforcement. 425.7 Transverse Reinforcement. - 425.8 Post-Tensioning Anchorages and Couplers... 425.9 Anchorage Zones for Post-Tensioned Tendons.. SECTION 426, CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS AND INSPECTION 426.1 Scope. 4262 Design Criteria 4263 Member Information... 4264 Concrete Materials and Mixture Requirements 4265 Concrete Production and Construction. 426.46 Reinforcement Materials and Construction Requitements.. 426.7 Anchoring to Concrete. 4268 Embedments, 426.9 Additional Requirements for Precast Concrete 426.10 Additional Requirements for Prestressed Concrete, 426.11 Formwork nn 426.12. Concrete Evaluati ‘and Acceptance National Structural Code of the Philippines Volume I, 2" Eeition, 2015HAPTER Conerote 4.5 422.3 Flexural Strength. 422.4 Axial Strength or Combi 4225 One-way Shear Strength. 422.6 ‘Two-Way Shear Strength 422.7 Torsional Strength soscu 22.8 Bearing su 422.9 Shear Friction id Flexural and Axial Strength 423.1 Scope. 423.2 General 423.3 Design Strength. 423.4 Strength of Struts... 423.5 Reinforcement Crossing Bott 423.6 Strut Reinforcement Delailing. 423.7 Strength of Ties 4238 Tie Reinforcement Detailing - 423.9 Strength of Nodal Zones. SERVICEABILITY REQUIREMENTS.. 424.1 Scope... 424.2 _ Deflections Due to Service-Level Gravity Loads. 424.3 Distribution of Flexural Reinforcement in One-Way Slabs and Beams... 424.4 Shrinkage and Temperature Reinforcement. 424.5 Permissible Stresses in Prestressed Concrete Flexural Members. SECTION 428, REINFORCEMENT DETAILS. 425.1 Scope. . 425.2. Minimum Spacing of Reinforcement... 425.3 Standard Hooks, Seismic Hooks, Crossties, an 425.4 Development of Reinforcement 425.5 Splices 4256 Bundled Reinforcement. 425.7 Transverse Reinforcement. smear 425.8 Post-Tensioning Anchorages and Couplers. 425.9 Anchorage Zones for Post-Tensioned Tendon... SECTION 426 snnnnanono CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS AND INSPECTION ... 426.1 Scope. 4262 Design Criteria 4263 Member Information . 4264 Concrete Materials and Mixture Requirements 4265 Concrete Production and Construction... 426.46 Reinforcement Materials and Construction Requirements... 426.7 Anchoring to Conerete 4268 Embedments., 426.9 Additional Requirements for Precast Concrete 426.10 Additional Requirements for Prestressed Concrete. 42611 Formwork nn ' 426.12 Concrete Evaluation and Acceptance. National Structural Code ofthe Philippines Volume I, 7 Edition, 20154.6 CHAPTER 4 ~ Structural Concrete 426.13 Inspection SECTION 427. STRENGTH EVALUATION OF EXISTING STRUCTURES. 427.1 Scope 4272 General. 7 4273 _Anulstical Strength Evaluation. 4274 Strength Evaluation by Load Test 4275 Reduced Load Rating .. ‘SECTION 428 o BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR CONCRETE THIN SHELLS. 428.1 Scope and Definitions... 428.2 Analysis and Design. 428.3 Design Strength 4284.1 Castinplace Non-Prestresed Concrete. 428.42. Cast-in-place Prestressed Concrete. {Rts Precast Non Presiessed or Preiresed Conerete ‘Manufactured Under Plat Conditions. 42844 Specified Concrete Cover Requirements for Corrosive Environments 4285 Shell Reinforcement ve " 428.6 Construction . SECTION 429 ALTERNATE DESIGN METHOD .. 429.1 Notations. 429.2 Seope 4293 General 429.4 Permissible Service Load Stresses... $208 Development and Splices of Reinforcement... 429.7 Compression Members With or Without Flexure.. Shear and Torsion. APPENDIX. ‘Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc, (ASEP)SECTION 401 SGENERAL REQUIREMENTS 401.4 Scope 401.1.1 This section addresses (a) to (h) a. General requirements of this Chapter; b. Purpose of this Chapter, cc. Applicability of this Chapter; 4d. Interpretation of this Chapter; ¢. Definition of building official and the licensed design professional; £. Construction documents; g. Testing and inspection; hh, Approval of special systems of design, construction, or alternative construction materials, 401.2 General 401.21 Chapter 4 refers to the structural concrete provision of the National Structural Code of the Philippines, Volume I (NSCP Vol. 1), 7" Edition and may be cited as such, and will be referred to herein as “this Code”, 401.22 This chapter provides minimum requirements for the design and construction of structural concrete elements of any building or other structure under requirements of the National Building Code of the Philippines of which this chapter of the National Structural Code of the Philippines, Volume 1, forms a part. This chapter also covers the strength evaluation of existing conerete structures For structural concrete, f; shall not be less than 17 MPa, No maximum value of f shall apply unless restricted by « specific code provision 401.23 This chapter isin English, with SI units, published by the Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. 401.2.4 In case of conflict between this edition and other carlier versions, this latest version govern. 401.2.8 This chapter provides the minimum requirements for the materials, design, construction, and strength aluation of structural concrete members and systems in any structure designed and constructed under the requirements ofthe general building code, 401.2.6 Modifications to this Code that are adopted by @ particular government agency or local government are part of that organization's requirements, but are not part of this Code. 401.2.7 This chapter provides the minimum requirements for the materials, design, construction, and strength evaluation of structural concrete members and systems in any structure within this Code. 4013 Purpose 4013.1 The purpose of this chapter is to provide for public health and safety by establishing minimum requirements for strength, stability, serviceability, durability, and integrity of concrete structures 4013.2 This chapter does not address all design 401.33 Construction means and methods are not addressed in this section. 401.4 Applicability 401.4.1 This chapter shall apply to concrete structures designed and constructed under the requirements of the general building code: 401.4.2 Applicable provisions of this chapter shall be permitted (0 be used for structures not governed by the ‘general building code. 401.43 The design of thin shells and folded plate ‘concrete structures shall be in accordance with Section 428. 401.44 Design and construction of structural concrete slabs cast on stay-in-place, non-composite steel deck are governed by this chapter. 40148 Design and construction of one- and two- family dwellings snd multiple single-family dwellings (ownhouses) and their accessory structures may be designed until such time provisions of the National Structural Code ofthe Philippines, Volume IL, Housing is published. National Structural Code of the Philippines Volume 1, 7" Edition, 201548 CHAPTER 4— Struct 4014.6 This chapter does not apply to the design and installation of concrete piles, drilled piers, and caissons Pp Ps mm Po Pv Pw % value of net tensile strain in the extreme layer of longitudinal tension reinforcement used 1 define a ccompression-controlled section angle between axis of strut, compression diagonal, or ‘compression ficld and the tension ‘chord of the members correction factor related to unit weight of concrete. ‘modification factor to reflect the reduced mechanical properties of lightweight concrete relative 10 normal-weight concrete of the same compressive strength, modification factor to reflect the reduced mechanical properties of lightweight conerete in certain cconerete anchorage applications, ‘multiplier used for additional deflection due to long-term effects coefficient of friction number of identical arms of shearhead, posttensioning curvature fiction coefficient. time-dependent factor for sustained load ratio. of non-prestressed tension reinforcement. Ad (lw) ratio of A, to bd ratio of compression reinforcement, A’, to bd. reinforcement ratio producing balanced strain conditions ratio of area of distributed longitudinal reinforcement to gross conerete area perpendicular to that reinforcement. ratio. of prestressed reinforcement, Apsto bdy, ratio of volume of spiral reinforcement to total volume of core confined by the spiral, measured out- to-out of spirals, ratio of area of distributed transverse reinforcement to gross concrete area perpendicular to that reinforcement ratio of tie reinforcement area to area of contact surface, Ay bs ratio of tension reinforcement, Ay to bud. strength-reduction factor. National Structural Cove of the Philippines Vokume 1, 2" Eailon, 20454-20 oe Ter We Wen Yoon Wepma Dep doy We Doon Veena Wee Wean Weay Pry CHAPTER 4 stiffness reduction factor. characteristic bond stress of adhesive anchor in cracked concrete, MPa. ‘characteristic bond stress of adhesive anchor in uncracked concrete, MPa. factor used to modify development length based on cover. factor used to modily tensile strength ‘of anchors based on presence or absence of cracks in concrete. factor used to modify tensile strength, of post-installed anchors intended for use in uncracked concrete without supplementary reinforcement 10 account for the splitting tensile stresses due to installation, factor used to modify tensile strength of adhesive anchors intended for use in uncracked concrete without supplementary reinforcement to account for the splitting tensile stresses due to installation, factor used to modify pullout strength fof anchors based on presence or absence of eracks in concrete. factor used to modily shear strength fof anchors based on presence or absence of cracks in conerete and presence or absence — of supplementary reinforcement. factor used to modify development fength based on reinforcement coating, factor used to modify tensile strength ‘of anchors based on eccentricity of applied loads. factor used to modify tensile strength of adhesive anchors based on eccentricity of applied loads. factor used to modify shear strength of anchors based on eccentricity of applied loads. factor used to modify tensile strength of anchors based on proximity to edges of concrete member. factor used to modify tensile strength of adhesive anchors based on proximity to edges of concrete ‘member. factor used to modify shear strength fof anchors based on proximity to edges of concrete member. factor used to modify shear strength of anchors located in concrete members with fig <1-5¢q1 factor used to modify development length based on confining. reinforcement. Ws = factor used to modify development length based on reinforcement size. he = factor used to modify development length for casting location intension, e = factor used to modify development length for welded deformed wire reinforcement in tension. = amplification factor to account for overstrength of the seismic-force- resisting system determined in accordance with the general building code. Wy, yy, 0%, = reinforcement indices for flanged sections computed as for a, p and ‘' except that b shall be the web width, and reinforcement area shall be that required to develop ‘compressive strength of web only. 4023 Terminology ADHESIVE are chemical components formulated from “organic polymers, or a combination of organic polymers ‘and inorganic materials that cure if blended together. ADMIXTURE is a material other than water, aggregate, or hydraulic cement used as an ingredient of conerete and, added (0 concrete before or during its mixing to modify its properties. AGGREGATE is @ granular material, such as sand, gravel, crushed stoné and iron blast-fumace slag, and when used with a cementing medium forms a hydraulic ‘cement conerete or mortar. AGGREGATE, LIGHTWEIGHT is an aggregate meeting the requirements of ASTM C330 and having a bulk density with a dry, lose weight of 1120 kg/m" or Jess, determined in accordance with ASTM C29. In some standards, the term lightweight ageregate is being replaced by the term low-density aggregate ANCHOR is a steel element either cast into concrete or post-installed into a hardened concrete member and used to transmit applied loads to the comerete ANCHOR, CAST-IN is a headed bolt, headed stud, or hooked bolt (J- or L-bolt) installed before placing ‘concrete. ANCHOR, HEADED BOLT is a cast-in steel anchor that develops its tensile strength from the mechanical interlock provided by either a head or nut at the embedded cend of the anchor. Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (ASEP)