Mitzi B.

Sumadero BEED – 3

Module 1 – Activity 1.2

1. Make a wordlist of terms of at least 20 ICT- terms with definitions of descriptions. Write in
your references (APA Format) to the sources of your explanations.

 Asset Tracking: Whereas much of the attention placed upon emerging solution areas
such as the Internet of Things (IoT) is directed towards new technologies, the most
important thing to business is arguably new business development, enhancing existing
products/services, and cost savings. This is why the asset tracking market is so
important to IoT as well as GPS, RFID, WiFi, and other technologies important to
enterprise connected assets. As asset tracking technologies improve in terms of
economies of scale and scope, asset tracking solutions for management of low-value
assets become increasingly viable for SMB and consumers.
 Artificial Intelligence: Comprised of many different technologies and tools, Artificial
Intelligence (AI) provides methods and techniques to provide human-like decision
making in an automated basis, and on  a scale and scope that would be prohibitive
without advanced software and careful system integration. AI is anticipated to have an
ever increasing role in ICT including both traditional telecommunications as well as
many communications enabled applications and digital commerce. AI is increasingly
integrated in many areas including Internet search, entertainment, commerce applications,
content optimization, and robotics. The long-term prospect for these technologies is that
they will become embedded in many different other technologies and provide
autonomous decision making on behalf of humans, both directly, and indirectly through
many processes, products, and services.
 Blockchain Technology: The term blockchain refers to decentralized ledger or database
management system that enables participants to record data that is stored as a chain of
transaction in the form of digital tokens, sequentially grouped into a block. Each block is
connected to the previous block to form a peer to peer network that facilitates data
transfer among participants using cryptographic security while ensuring a high degree of
transparency and security. The block may represent financial transactions, contracts,
assets, identities, and anything else in digital format. Bitcoin is the early example of the
use of blockchain technology.
 Cloud Computing: From its origins, cloud computing has been largely relegated to
Software, Platforms, and Infrastructure (SPI) in an “as a service” model as Software as
Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS).
While the SPI model is important for enterprise and service providers, cloud computing is
 evolving to encompass Everything as a Service, often referred to as XaaS where X
represents the specific service supported via a cloud environment. Cloud computing is
also evolving from a purely centralized approach to one in which edge computing
becomes increasingly important.
 Data Management: Managing ICT data takes many shapes and forms. Specialized
technologies, tools, and techniques (referred to collectively as Big Data Analytics) are
utilized to deal with unstructured data (e.g. data that is non-correlated and/or of sufficient
size and scope to be unwieldy to manage with conventional data management tools).
Leveraging analytics tools to derive value, and the integration between cloud, IoT, and
enterprise operational technology are key focus areas for large companies across virtually
every industry vertical. This is important for many industry verticals and market
segments. For example, Smart Cities will rely upon IoT data management and analytics
to provide control, automation, and enable better decision making.
 ICT Infrastructure: Telecom and Computing networks are comprised of physical and
logical elements, which are manifest in the architectures and systems that provide
features, functionality, and capabilities necessary to provide modern communications,
applications, digital content and commerce. Certain components and systems are
foundational elements, supporting core services, whereas other elements provide value-
added services (VAS) and/or enable VAS capabilities.
 Immersive Technologies: Augmented Reality, Haptic Internet, and Virtual Reality are
all examples of “immersive” technologies. The term “immersive” is used as this category
embodies those technologies that facilitate a fully immersive human experience, often
including multiple senses as well as interaction with virtual objects and/or interaction
between the real and virtual worlds. Application and service areas include gaming and
entertainment, training and simulations, transportation, manufacturing, and many other
industry verticals and use cases. One immersive technology application example is
hologram calling.
 Industrial Internet of Things: The term Industrial Internet or Industrial Internet of
Things (IIoT) is sometimes used in the context of next generation manufacturing, but it
may also be referenced in a more general sense to pertain to the broader enterprise
market, which includes many different industry verticals such as IoT in Agriculture. In
both cases, IIoT benefits will extend beyond initial cost savings and process
improvements to identification of entirely new business models and service offerings as
traditional products transform to services.
 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS): The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is an
architecture for delivering Internet Protocol (IP) based multimedia services with quality
of service over multiple access networks from a common core. It was initiated in mobile
standards body 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), as a part of the vision for
evolving mobile networks. The original vision was the delivery of internet services over
GPRS (General Packet Radio System). That vision was subsequently updated by 3GPP,
 3GPP2, Cable Labs and TISPAN (Telecommunications and Internet Services and
Protocols for Advanced Networks) to support multiple access networks.
 Packet Switching: A form of switching in which data is transmitted as packets of
information that are “bursty” in nature a usually transmitted over diverse routes. This is
in contrast to circuit-switching that relies upon maintaining a dedicated channel for
signaling and communications.
 Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS): Often used to refer to the most basic legacy
features, such as “dial tone” and the ability to simply initiate and receive calls, POTS is
occasionally used to conversely refer to telecommunications services that do not rely
upon advanced features or technologies such as use of Internet Protocols or next
generation ICT infrastructure.
 Programmable Telecom: The term Programmable Telecom (or Programmable
Telecoms) is an important one as it pertains to the general notion of leveraging
telecommunications capabilities by way of Telecom APIs as well as other tools including
SDKs, GUIs, open source platforms, and other methods. Mind Commerce has covered
Telecom APIs extensively since the year 2011. Relying in part upon research provided by
Mind Commerce, AT&T launched an Enterprise-Focused API Program in 2013
focused on the extension of Telecom APIs to enterprise customers.
 Public Switched Telecommunications Network (PSTN): Generally referred to as the
core telecommunications network relied upon for local wireline communications as well
as transport of long distance calls and other traditional services. In contrast, cellular
systems are typically not considered part of the PSTN, but rather interconnect with it so
that wireline callers can reach wireless users and vice versa. Likewise, next generation
packet-based networks that utilize Internet Protocol based signaling and data transfer are
also not considered part of the PSTN.
 Self-organizing Networks: Mobile Network Operators (MNO) are constantly optimizing
their networks.  MNO look towards automation technologies, processes, and procedures
as a means of more efficiently managing their large networks, which consist of tens of
thousands of base station with hundreds of settings each. Self-organizing Networks
(SON) provide automation solution for planning, configuration, management,
optimization, and healing of mobile RAN functions that emerged out from 4G LTE
environment and IMS technology. SON provides efficient, and in some cases,
programmatic means of fine tuning cellular networks. SON systems are part of next
generation OSS/BSS technologies for mobile network operators to automate previously
manual network optimization
 Smart Buildings: Intelligent Buildings are Internet connected and rely upon IoT
technology to provide improvements over legacy commercial real estate such as
enhanced efficiency, safeguarding assets, and other operational improvements.  Smart
Buildings encompass central control of the vital systems that provide security, comfort
 and sanitation for its inhabitants. The discrete operations are integrated into a common
network of control.
 Telemedicine: The delivery of medical services via electronic means, which typically
entails exchange of medical information from one location to other points, with one point
being the location of the medical client or end-user (which may include one or more
devices, sensors, and user interfaces), and other points consisting of data collection,
databases, and/or healthcare practitioners capable of delivering said medical services.
More specifically, telemedicine pertains to the delivery of clinical healthcare services to
patients that are located remote from the service provider, which may be a doctor,
physician’s assistant, nurse, or even an intelligent agent or healthcare bot. Services may
include diagnosis, monitoring and/or treatment of various health conditions.
 Time Division Multiplexing (TDM): A form of data handling and signaling in which a
common channel is used for transmitting and receiving information. This in contrast to
the use of Internet Protocol (IP) and other packet switching methods that do not require
use of a dedicated path, but rather instead transmit information as packets of data, often
over diverse paths to traverse from data sender to data receiver.
 Unstructured Data: Typically defined as data that does not have a defined data model
and not organized in a manner that is conducive to analysis via traditional tools,
unstructured data is often voluminous and difficult to manage with traditional data
management technologies, tools, and techniques. Accordingly, Big Data Analytics are
often utilized to derive actionable information from raw data, which may come from
anything from social media networks to sensors that capture machine-generated data
from industrial processes or machines such as a jet engine.
 Virtual Reality: Virtual Reality (VR) focuses on virtual experience through realistic
interaction with 3D content presented in a digitally generated space.  VR depends upon
data from human sensory organs such as stereoscopic Images, sound, and bio-signals to
enhance the VR experience.  There will be many new use case scenarios for VR such as
mixed reality-based learning systems that provide an immersive learning environment. 
As virtual reality becomes more prevalent, there will be a need for many new
technologies and solutions such as bot recognition.
 Virtual Twins: As IoT networks and systems evolve, Mind Commerce sees a role for
virtual control of real-objects, vice versa, and also virtual to virtual control. As part of the
model envisioned, virtual objects (software programs) function as an abstract of real-
world things (Smart Objects in the physic environment).  Virtual objects are associated
with real objects to the extent that the latter may be manipulated, controlled, etc. This is
often referred to in the industry as “digital twinning” for the concept of a digital twin of
something in the virtual world that matches something in the real world. Three scenarios
discussed in Mind Commerce research include IoT Virtual-to-Real (V2R), IoT Real-to-
Virtual (R2V), and IoT Virtual-to-Virtual (V2V). Each of these scenarios has substantial
implications for future of consumer, enterprise, and industrial products and services.
 References: Mind Commerce. (n.d). ICT Glossary of Terms.
https://mindcommerce.com/about/ict-glossary/

2. Identify three (3) concepts that you learned in this lesson. Write your ideas about the idea.

 Podcast refers to a video or audio multimedia clip that specifically has a one topic
typically it is like a radio talk show it is also a series of episodes and people can listen
on their favorite podcast on its podcast apps example of the apps where we can listen
podcast are Google Podcast for android phones, Apple Podcast for Iphone users and
many more apps.
 Google Apps - Google Apps it’s a platform mostly used as cloud-space by the students
and teachers at home example of this apps are the following:
- Gmail- it used for sending and receiving email
- Google docs- used for opening documents that are send to the emails
- Google Spreadsheet – it is more likely the Microsoft execel
 Web Access – is the ability of the learners and the teachers to access the internet to be
able to share and download the learning resources.