1. A father is nine times his son’s age now.

In three years from now, the father will be five times

the age of the son. Determine the age of the father.
 Understand the Problem
 The age of the son is unknown, therefore, it is assigned a value x.
 If the age of the son = x, then the age of the father =9x
 Device the necessary Plan
 To solve the problem, an equation that involves unknown variable is used to
make it a mathematical problem.
 In three years from now, the age of the son will be the current age + 3
 Meaning, son’s age = x+3
 While the father’s age = 9x+3
 However, the father’s age will be five times that of the son in three years from
now.
 Therefore, 5(x+3)=9x+3
 Carryout the plan to solve the problem
 Solving for the unknown in the equation, 5(x+3)=9x+3
 x=3
 Look Back
 From the solution the father’s age is 9x=3*9=27 years old
2. How many fence posts are needed to support a 100-meter long fence, if a fence post must be
used every 2 meters?
 Understand the Problem
 In this part, we have to find out how many fence posts are needed to support a
100-meter-long fence, if a fencepost must be used every 2 meters. We are only
looking for the “FENCEPOSTS NEEDED”
 Device the necessary Plan
 We have 100-meter-long fence and
 A fencepost must be used every 2 meters.
 That is we require 100 ÷ 2 = 50 fences posts.
 Carryout the plan to solve the problem
 Let’s solve it wisely. So we have done in understanding the problem and
devising a plan. So let’s now carry out the plan. We have 100 meter long fence
that must be used in every 2meters that we requires in 50 fences posts. But
courting like this we put the first fences post at 0meters as well as the point
where the fencing begins. Hence, there is an additional requirement of fences
post. Total fence posts requires is
 Total fence posts required = 1+ 100/2 = 1+ 50 = 51
 Hence, a total of 51 fences posts are required.
 Look Back
 Looking back for the problem it is very obvious that the required fence posts is
51.Because as we observed in 100 meter long fence we divide it by 2 so the
result is 50 fences posts. Since in order to get the total fence posts we need put
fencepost at zero where the fence begins. So we add 1 to the fences posts, So
the total fences posts required to support 100 meters is 51 because is we are
 going to divide the 100-meter-long fence to every 2-meter used and add 1, the
result would be 51.
3. A zookeeper is moving penguins and polar bears into their new exhibit. He counts20 heads and
58 feet. How many penguins and how many polar bears are in the exhibit?
 Understand the Problem
 We have to find out how many penguins and polar bears are in the exhibit.
 Device the necessary Plan
 Penguins have two feet.
 Polar Bear has four feet.
 Given heads 20.
 Given feet 58.
 Carryout the plan to solve the problem
 Let’s say P for Penguins and PB for Polar Bear. Given Heads = P + PB = 20
(Equation 1)
  Here > P is Penguin PB is Polar Bear  PB = 20 – P
(Equation 2)
 Given Feet = 2P + 4PB = 58
(Equation 3)
  Multiply equation 1 by 2 2P + 2PB = 40
(Equation 4)
 To find out for Penguins just subtract again the 20 heads to 9 heads of Polar
Bear. P= 20 – 9 = 11
 Therefore, there are 9 Polar Bears and 11 Penguins in the exhibit.
 Look Back
 Looking back for this problem, there are 9 Polar Bears and 11 Penguins in the
exhibit. To finally found out or to sum it up there are 20 heads and 58 feet all, if
we add 9 and 11 the total is20 which is also equivalent to 20 Heads . And if
we’re going to add all of the feet for Polar Bear9 heads x 4 feet is equivalent to
36, and for the Penguins 11 heads x 2 feet is equivalent to 22.So, 36 feet added
to 22 feet is equivalent to 58 feet.
4. How many unique polygons with area exactly 2.5 units can you find on a 10×10 geoboard? Can
you find at least 10?
 Understand the Problem
 The first thing we should do is start making some figures and calculating their
area. You find reasonably quickly that area calculations just mean counting up
squares and half squares. You run out of easy figures pretty quickly, maybe after
5 or 6. Now what? One problem is that many of the figures are congruent – they
are exact copies of each other after a rotation or reflection (or both).
 Device the necessary Plan
 You find the easy ones that have areas of exactly 2.5 – triangles and trapezoids.
Phase 2 of your plan is to create base figures that have an area of exactly 2
units, and then add a triangle.
 Carryout the plan to solve the problem
 You quickly realize that the results are a bit of a mess, so you decided to make
an organized list of figures. For example, you start with a 2 x 1 rectangle and add
 triangles to it. Then you create a triangle with area 2 (base 2, height 1) and
begin adding triangles to its base. And so on.
 Look Back
 First, the “slide the vertex” triangle activity is important. Think of any triangle
sitting “flat” on its base. Draw a line through the third vertex that’s parallel to
the base. The vertex can “slide” along this parallel without changing the height
of the triangle, so all triangles created this way have the same area. Try it! This
led to the idea of “slide the base” of a trapezoid. If you create a trapezoid with
bases of length 1 and 4 (and height 1), you can slide either base along its parallel
line without changing the area. Additional insights include a better
understanding of area, thinking about congruence, and ruling out duplicates due
to rotational symmetry or reflective symmetry (or both). And there’s lot of other
realizations you or your students might have.
5. If six people greet each other at a meeting by shaking hands with one another, how
many handshakes take place?
 Understand the Problem
 The total number of people=6
 They greet each other at a meeting by shaking hands with one another
 We have to find the total number of handshakes.
 Device the necessary Plan
 We have to take a group of 2 people for each hand shake.
 Then we have to find the total number of groups.
 Carryout the plan to solve the problem
 We can choose a group of 2 people from 6 people
 Look Back
 Each person will handshake with 5 people. So (6x5) =30, but when two people
handshake then it is the same event.
 In these 30 cases, we have repetitions. Each case occurred twice. So the
total number of cases = 30/2 = 15