Parental Support During Modular Distance Learning

A Qualitative Research Proposal Presented to the Faculty of Siquijor Provincial Science

High School

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for Practical Research 1

Presented by:

Arabella Kaye V. Pasco

Jocelin B. Maglangit

Rhien Maeshielle A. Sente

Carmel Grace Z. Tejano

Kieren Mae Tampus

June 2022
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to express their deepest gratitude to the person
below who made their study successful and assisted the researchers at every
point to cherish their goal:

To Almighty God, the researchers are grateful for the guidance, the
courage, the hope, and the strength that He has given to them while going
through this study. The researchers are beyond grateful to Him for He gave
everything they needed to finish this study.

To the researchers’ family, they are thankful to them for giving support
not only financially but also for the inspiration and motivation that they gave
while they were doing this study.

To the respondents who trusted the researchers and gave their time and
cooperation in this study, the researchers are very thankful because if it were not
for them, it will be impossible for them to finish their study.

Lastly, from the bottom of the researchers’ hearts they would like to
extend their heartfelt gratitude to their research adviser, Mrs. Kieren Mae
Tampus for the valuable advice and experiences and Mrs. Izel Daug-Quidlat,
for the helpful contributions and practical suggestions.

The Researchers,

Arabella Kaye V. Pasco

Carmel Grace Z. Tejano

Jocelin B. Maglangit

Rhien Maeshielle A. Sente

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study …………………………………………………………………….i

1.2 Statement of the Problem...........................................................................................iii
1.3 Significance of the Study…......................................................................................................4
1.4Scope and Limitations of the Study…………….………………………………………………………………………5
1.5 Definition of Key Terms..............................................................................................5

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

2.1 Related Literature.......................................................................................................7

2.2 Related Studies..........................................................................................................10

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

31 Study Area .................................................................................................................12

3.2 Research Design.......................................................................................................12
3.3 Sample and Data Collection Techniques.................................................................12
3.4 Procedure.................................................................................................................12
3.4.1 Materials...............................................................................................................13

CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Results……………………………………………………………………………….……… 14
4.2Discussion……………………………………………………………………………………16

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Summary……………………………………………………………………………………19
5.2 Conclusions………………………………………………………………………………..21
5.3 Recommendations……………………………………………......................................22.
5.4 References…………………………………………………………………………………23
5.5 Appendices…………………………………………………………………………………
 ABSTRACT

Parental support is seen as an important factor in their children’s educational

achievement and performance at home and school, Panol et al. (2021). Due to the outburst of
the viral disease Covid19, educational institutions proposed modified learning method.,
Modular distance learning is a prominent method for continuity of the education, especially
applied in rural places. This study aims to recognize the parental support under the modular
distance learning, including the hindrances in terms of supporting the necessities under MDL.
As measured by a float questionnaire as the main data gathering tool. This study utilized a
phenomenology approach and analyzed the databy… The results show that among the two
sexual identities, female is the most engaged in handling their learners under the MDL. The
results show the majority of the parents are having issues in regard to internet access,
including most of the respondents have employed the division of time between household
chores and duty as a learning partner.
Keyword: Parental support, Modular distance learning, Covid19.
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

COVID-19, a word no one would feared before. No one would witness their loved ones

fight for their lives without physically being in their arms in their last moments. No one

would fear common colds, cough, and fever. Now what exactly is COVID-19? According to

the World Health Organization(2019) this disease is caused by SARS CoV-2, where the

infected people may get mild to seriously severe respiratory illness which killed millions

during its surge and its effect was felt all over the world. This virus got its name from its

spiky outer layers that resemble a crown or also called “corona” as reported by the John

Hopkins Medicine. This virus spread through physical contact and only after a few hours or

days of transmission the virus shows, therefore- invisible. Due to this problem, the primary

line of defense is social distancing. Gatherings is strictly prohibited, and since schools are

heavily populated with student including faculty staffs, education had to be paused until the

resolution is found.

The COVID-19 pandemic has disturbed educational institutions at all levels in a

global scale. As of February 2021, COVID-19 cases had reached more than one hundred

million worldwide, with more than a half-million cases in the Philippines (Worldometer,

2021). Education must continue and active even without face-to-face classes and thus several

educational sectors migrate to other effective and suitable learning modalities (Fatonia et al.,

2020). Secretary Briones of Department of Education (DepEd) assured that “education must

continue even in times of crisis” (DepEd, 2020) while the Commission on Higher Education

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advised all higher education institutions (HEIs) to “deploy available flexible learning and

other alternative modes of delivery” (CHEd, 2020). This pandemic has paved the way to the

implementation of Modular Distance Learning (MDL) and Online Distance Learning (ODL)

as an urgent response to ensure continuity of education. Both options have sets of drawbacks

as everything can’t be perfect, but parents had full control of choosing the mode of learning.

Those who can afford to provide gadgets and stable internet connection throughout the year

would usually choose ODL. But since not all parents can provide the instruments for ODL,

they choose MDL. It costs lesser than ODL but since teachers cannot possibly cater to each

child’s needs, parents’ cooperation is needed. This is where parental support comes in, in all

aspects not just financial. In the physical aspect, parents need to allocate time to assist their

children in learning. In emotional and mental, parents also need to not pressure their children

but rather motivate them to avoid negative effects on their children.

The purpose of this study is to recognize the parental support under the modular

distance learning and provide possible help for parents and to the community regarding

various assistance for awareness and gain new knowledge related to the time frame, including

the challenges under the situation.

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Statement of the Problem

Education is one of the priorities of the government. However, this has been deemed

more difficult to retain due to the pandemic in the Philippines. As a result of this crisis,

teachers could not possibly cater to all students needs at once, so schools had to resort to

asking parents for support and cooperation in the new normal, Modular Distance Learning.

Specifically, this study aims to answer the following questions:

1. What is the demographic profile of parents in terms of?

a. age;

b. sex;

c. educational attainment;

d. monthly income

e. grade level of child/ children

2. What are the means of parents to support their children during the modular distance

learning?

3. What are the challenges encountered by the parent which affect their support under

the modular distance learning?

4. What are the strategies employed to support their children during the modular

distance learning?

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Significance of the Study

In performing the study, researchers recognize the different parental movements as

support during the modular distance learning. The findings may have a profound

understanding regarding parental assistance, which could be a guide and contribute to parents

in handling their learners during the new learning method. The result may serve as benefit to:

For Parents. The results may serve as an influence and inspiration for the recreation of ways

to assist their children during modular distance learning. Moreover, it widens its knowledge

of a parent in terms of parental support in the new form of education.

For learners. The findings may serve as inspiration to continue their studies with

enthusiasm. As well as students signifying valuation upon their parents.

For School Administrators. Also, a parent which are affected during the modular distance

learning. The results may serve as an inspiration to support their learners and understand the

learners under the situation.

For Country. The findings may serve as awareness concern the issue. It helps parents that

are struggling with coping up in MDL not only in the researcher’s hometown, but all over the

country as well.

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Scope and Limitations of the Study

This subject is relevant to the current situation where students must practice modular

distance learning. Due to the pandemic parents are the partner of the learners in learning in a

new type of way which different from the traditional one. This study is focusing on how

parents assist their children or/ parental support under the Modular Distance Learning. The

effective and suitable target to this study is parents with learners engaging to MDL.

However, in conducting the study researchers encounter number of limitations. The lack of

resources such as limited access of data, time constraints and financial constraints, etc.

Additionally, personal stuff and information that must keep confidential.

Definition of Key Terms

Financial constraints - This is where money is the limiting factor. Your

decisions are based and limited by the amount of funds

you have available.

Modular distance learning - individualized instruction that allows learners to use

self- learning modules (SLMs) in print or digital

format/electronic copy, whichever is applicable to the

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 learner. Learners under Modular Distance Learning can

also use other resources such as Learner’s Materials,

textbooks, activity sheets, study guides, and other study

materials. (DEPED).

Time constraints various factors that limit projects in terms of time. This

includes deadlines, workload management, resources

allocation. Anyone that has worked on a project had to

deal with certain constraints when it came to execution.

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 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Covid-19

The viral disease is a serious acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-

2), the seventh human coronavirus, was discovered in Wuhan, Hubei province, China,

during the recent epidemic of pneumonia in January 2020. Since then, the global outburst

of the viral disease Covid-19 pandemic has circulated worldwide, impacting

approximately all nations and territories. The outbreak was first recognized in December

2019 in Wuhan, China. Countries around the world warned the public to take responsive

attention. The public care techniques have comprised handwashing, wearing face mask,

physical distancing, and forgoing mass gatherings and assemblies. Lockdown and remain

inside their houses, methods have prevailed and are put in place as the required action to

smooth the curve and control the transmission of the disease (Sintema,2020).

Impact of COVID-19 in Education

The covid-19 brought such changes in every life and other aspects. The said viral

disease is also a huge challenge to the education system. According to Sumitra Pokhrel

and Roshan Chhetri (2021), due to the CCOVID-19 pandemic, solitary confinement and

physical distancing regulations have directed the closures of schools, training academies,

and higher education facilities in most countries. Despite all the challenges, the ingenuity

and stability of the Filipinos were demonstrated amid the pandemic (Simbulan,2020).

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Owing to the circulated viral disease, educational institutions modified learnings for the

continuity of the education amidst the pandemic. In the Philippine context, educational

sectors such as DepEd for basic education and CHEd for the higher education proposed

distance learning, representing a flexible learning technique that varies from blended,

online, remote, modular, and the combination of during pandemic times (DepEd,2020;

CHEd, 2020). Modular distance learning is the widespread method of learning applied to

most learners especially in the rural places as a result of keeping learners inside their

homes.

Modular distance learning emphasizes individualized instruction that enables learners

to employ independent learning modules in print or digital setup/ electronic document,

whichever situates the learner. Learners under Modular Distance Learning can also utilize

other resources such as Learner’s Materials, books, workout papers, study handbooks, and

other study equipment (DepEd 2020). Moreover, under modular distance learning, self-

learning is possible, nevertheless, not all learners are qualified for self-learning. Due to

this, most learners go through internet to comprehend the subject including asking for

guidance from their parents. Nonetheless, this case is very conditional on specific aspects

such as the capabilities of a parent in comprehending of the learners’, economic status,

educational attainment, time to supervise, etc. Since education is no longer held within the

school, parents serve as partners of teachers in education. Parents play a vital role as home

facilitators. Their primary role in modular learning is to establish a relationship and

supervise the child (FlipScience,2020). Thus, parental support is necessary for this

situation.

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Parental Support in Education

According to Szumski and Karwowski(2017) in children's education parental

involvement can be understood as active measures to support their learners in the learning

method, taking into account their cognitive, emotional, social and personality development.

Parents play a crucial role in their child's overall development and education. Aside from the

fact that they provide their basic needs and educate their children, they also nurture a child by

giving love, attention, support, and knowledge. The proper guidance they offer develops their

child's character until they become independent and ready to face the challenges of the

society in which they live. Similarly, they serve as the primary and continuing educators of a

child before his/her formal schooling and remain an important influence in their children’s

learning in school and beyond. Thus, the parents and the family are considered educational

partners and supporters of their child's education.

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Related studies

Bayucca (2021) investigated entitled "Challenges Encountered and Technical

Assistance Needed by Parents and Learners Utilizing Modular Distance Learning: Basis for a

Proposed Support Program". The investigation explored to specify the challenges met

together with the requisite assistance from parents including students in the primary school of

the Schools Division of Meycauayan City as a factor for composing a contextualized support

scheme. The outcomes of the investigation are the problems under the independent learning,

complications in concentrating on studies, and parent’s insufficient proficiency in the content

of child’s assignments are the top struggles of parents under the modular distance learning

while approximately all learner-respondents characterize their occurrences of distance

learning as difficult due to of complication independent learning, the inadequacy of reference

materials for more representations, limited instruction from parents and educators, challenges

in Internet access to research and difficulty in understanding English. Moreover, both

respondents are collective in proclaiming that the provision of extra reference substances

would extensively support reducing the conflicts they encountered. Therefore, the assistance

program formulated should be executed and regulated to completely strengthen the continuity

of learning amidst the challenges encountered in the first quarter is recommended.

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 A study was conducted by Palma, et al. (2021) entitled "Parental Academic Support in

Online and Modular Learners Amidst Pandemic: A Comparative Study" explored the

consequences of the COVID pandemic on the education system thus that it shifts learning

structures in day-to-day being in the shape of online and modular learning. The investigation

displayed findings that the variables affected a parent’s capacity to actively contribute to their

child’s education during the pandemic; first, the parental role construction which is shaped by

the beliefs, perception, and experiences of the parent; second, the socioeconomic status of the

parent which influences the skill, knowledge, energy, and time availability of the parent;

third, the invitation of parents by the teachers and schools to be active participants in the

education of their children during the pandemic; fourth, and the self-efficacy and confidence

derived by the parent from being an active participant.

Gumapac, et al. (2021) conducted a study that explored and focused on proposing a guide

to strengthen parent’s role in Modular Distance Learning. This exploration assesses parents’

level of engagement in MDL in terms of sustaining motivation, tutoring, and supervising

students' compliance. It recognizes the challenges encountered by including the foremost

practices in supporting MDL. Finding have disclosed that parents are highly engaged under

the MDL in such motivations, instruct and supervising students’ compliance data, specifically

on preparation of healthy meals, purchasing or selecting school supplies, and participation.

The study proposes the distribution of the guide to enhance parents’ engagement in modular

distance learning.

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 CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Study Area

The study was conducted at the vicinity of each researcher’s residence; Luyang,

Siquijor, Siquijor, Paliton, San Juan, Siquijor, Pangi, Siquijor, Siquijor, and Solangon, San

Juan, Siquijor.

Research Design

This research is designed as a phenomenological study that regards to lived

experience. It describes the parental support during the modular distance learning.

Sample and Data Collection Techniques

The sample and data collection techniques utilized in conducting the study is the float

questionnaire along with the application of non-random sampling technique.

Procedure

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 To gather pieces of data employing construction of relevant questions toward the

study, and float questionnaires consisting of survey queries to meet the objective. Due to the

time frame, the basis of distribution of the questionnaires are the location of its researchers.

Additionally, the study applies the non-random sampling in which being selected for

convenience

Materials

Due to the time frame the study utilized float questionnaire to gather pieces of

information from respondents.

CHAPTER IV

Results and Discussions

Question 1: What is the demographic profile of parents?

Table 1.1 Demographic profile of parents in terms of age.

Age

20-30
31-40
41-51
51-60

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 The figure above shows that 41% of the respondents are 31-40 years old while 15%

are 20-30 years old.

1.2 Sex.

Sex

85% 15%

Male Female

The figure above shows that 84.7% of the respondents are female while the remaining

15.2% are male. This shows that majority of the parents are female in assisting their learner/s

under the modular distance learning.

1.3 Educational Attainment

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 Grade Level Attainment
2 2 1 Elementary Level
3
Elementary Graduate
Secondary Level
10 Secondary Graduate
College Level
College Graduate
26 Master's Degree Level
Master's Degree Holder
Doctorate Level
Doctorrate Graduate

14

The figure above shows that 44% of the respondents are college graduate while only one

parent is an elementary graduate.

1.4 Monthly income

GRADE LEVEL FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Kindergarten 8 14%

Elementary 43 73%

Secondary 18 31%

College 9 15%

Total 59 100%

15
 Monthly Income

PHP 1,000- PHP 5,000 PHP 6,000- PHP 10,000

PHP 11,000- PHP 20,000 PHP 21 above

The figure above shows that 41% of the parents earn ranging from one thousand pesos to five

thousand pesos. While only 12% of the parents earn ranging from eleven thousand pesos to

twenty thousand pesos.

1.5 Grade level/s of the learner/ learners.

The table shows that out of 59 parents only 73% have elementary student/s, while only 14%

out of 59 parents have kindergarten learner/s. Parental support can be in different forms and

the needs depend on what level your learner/s is/are.

Question 2: What are the means of parents to support their children during the

modular distance learning?

Table 3. The means to support the respondent’s child /children under the modular distance

learning.

REASONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

I manage my time properly so that I can allot 34 57.6%

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 time for my daughter/son

I encourage my children to learn 44 74.5%

Be supportive and teach stress awareness 33 55.9%

Provide stress-free environment 16 27.1%

Others 1 1.69%

Total 59 100%

The table above shows the various kinds of means to support the children/ students under the

modular distance learning. Only 57.6% of the parents managed their time properly, while

only 16 parents=27.1% provide stress-free environment.

Question 4: What are the challenges in supporting your child/ children during the

modular distance learning?

REASONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Insufficient income 13 22%

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 No internet access 31 53%

Can’t afford school supplies 1 2%

Can’t afford school projects 2 3%

Others 16 27%

The table shows the challenges encountered by the parent under the MDL, in which affect

their role as a parent. Out of 59 respondents only 53% having issues concern to internet

access, while only 2% of the respondents unable to afford school supplies.

The results of the study are related to a study entitled “Parental Involvement in

Accomplishing Students Learning Tasks in the New Normal” by Gumapac, et al. (2021). The

results of the study show parents agree that owing to their other responsibilities they lack

time to help their child in answering their module.

Question 5: What are the strategies employed in terms of supporting your child during

the Modular Distance Learning?

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

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Summary of Findings

In view of the results of the study, the following findings are presented.

1. Number of parents based on their demographic profile in terms of age.

Out of 59 respondents, 24 parents or 40% of the respondents aged 31-40 while only 9 of

15.2% age 20-30.

2. Number of parents in terms of their sexual identity

Based on our results, 50 or 84. 7% parents belong to female identity while only 9 or

15.2% parents is in male identity.

3. Number of respondents based on their educational attainment.

Out of 59 respondents, 26 0r 44% of the parents are college graduate while only 1

or 1.6% elementary graduate.

4. Numbers of respondents based in economic status.

Out of fifty-nine respondents, 40% of the parents’ economic status ranging 1,000

pesos to 5,000 pesos. While only 11.8% of the parents’ economic status ranging 11,000

pesos to 20,000 pesos.

5. Grade level/s of learners.

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 Out of 59 respondents only 73% have elementary student/ students. While only 14% of

the 59 parents who have a kindergarten learner /s.

6. Respondents’ ways of supporting their child/children during the modular

distance learning.

Out of 59 respondents, 44 or 74.5% of the parents encourage their children to learn

while only 1 or 1.6% of the respondents provide financial needs of their child/children.

7. Challenges encountered by the respondents in supporting their child/ children

during the modular distance learning.

Three or 52.5% experience the problem of internet access while only one or 1.69% of the

respondents unable to afford school supplies.

8. Strategies of the respondents in supporting their child/children during the

modular distance learning.

Out of 59 respondents, 39 or 66.1 parents divide their time between household chores

and their supervision of their child/children’s modules while only 1 or 1.69% of the

respondents do tight budget.

Conclusion

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Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions are hereby drawn.

1. Majority of the parents in assisting during the modular distance learning aged 31

years old to 40 years old.

2. Most of the parents’ sexual identity in providing support under the situation is female.

3. Majority of the parents’ educational attainment is college graduate.

4. Most of the parents’ economic status is 1,000 to 5,000.

5. Most of the of parents are handling elementary learners(child/ren).

6. Majority of the parents encourage their child/children to learn.

7. Most of the parents struggle from lack of internet access during the modular distance

learning.

8. Majority of the parents divide their time between the household chores and

supervision their child/children’s modules.

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Recommendations

On the bases of the findings and conclusions drawn, the following are recommended:

1. Parents regardless of sexual identity k /and age should be concerned in academic

matters of their learners.

2. Parents of students in secondary and college should be at least reach college to be able

to assist their child/ children academically.

3. Parents should be able to provide the financial need of their learners.

4. Parents should encourage their children to study and learn.

5. Parents should have a stable job or moderate to high paying job to ensure the financial

needs for their learners.

6. Parents should balance their time in work, household chores, and in supervising their

child or children in academic matters specifically in comprehending the subject.

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 Reference List

References
Bayucca, S. A. (2021). Challenges Encountered and Technical Assistance Needed bhy Parents and
Learners Utilizing Modular Distance Learning: Basis for Proposed Support Program. Journal
of Humanities and Social Sciences, 128-135.

Budao, D. V. (2021). Parenting Amidst the Pandemic: The Case of Parental Involvement in
Adolescents' Reading Engagement and Modular Distance Learning. International
Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 223-232.

Gumapac, J.R., Aytona, E.M., Alba, M.G.R. (2021). Parents Involvement in Accomplishing Students
Leraning Tasks in the New Normal . International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science
and Management, 367-380.

M.C Palma, T.N.V Escucha, Z.B Distor, B.V Tuyao, A. Malaco, J. Estrellan. (2021). Parental Academic
Support in Online and Modular Learners Amidst Pandemic: A Comparative Study. Indonesion
Journal of Community and Spoecial Needs Eduaction, 31-36.

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