Using Separation Techniques To Separate Two Different

Mixtures
Chemistry project by:
Aayan Moazzam
Class: 9a
ID: 14477
SET:2
TEACHER: MS sneha

Separating Sand & Saltwater

Experiment 1:

I had mixed salt and water to obtain saltwater, I then added sand mixed sand with the
saltwater.

My Hypothesis:
I prognosticate that I will be able to separate salt and saltwater by the separation
technique of filtration.

My Aim:
My aim is to separate sand and saltwater.

Materials Required:
Saltwater, sand, filter paper, a plastic glass & a funnel.

Method:
Separating saltwater and sand by the technique of filtration.

Detailed Summary:

I started my experiment by mixing salt and water, and then later adding sand to it. I
decided to separate the sand from the saltwater first.

I then added a funnel on top of a plastic glass and inside

the funnel placed a filter paper. I started pouring the
mixture inside, and with no surprise, the filter paper was
certainly doing its job. The saltwater was getting separated
from the sand. The saltwater were passing
through the filter paper
and the sand was

stuck in the filter, not

being able to pass.

The mixture was now separated, the pictures attached above are in chronological order,
showing the saltwater was the filtrate and sand was the residue.

Conclusion:
I conclude that my hypothesis was proven to be right, the saltwater and sand mixture
was separated within minutes.

A diagram of the separation experiment

Experiment 2:

Crystallization:

Hypothesis:
I predict that I’ll be able to separate the saltwater solution by performing the separation
technique of crystallization.

My Aim:
My aim will be to separate salt and water.

Materials Required:
Saltwater, a metal pot, gloves, a heat source & a plastic glass.

Method:
I will separate the solution by doing crystallization.

Detailed Summary:

After conducting the filtration experiment, I was left with saltwater. No one likes to drink
saltwater, right? Certainly not me. To see if I was able to get only salt from this solution,
I thought of performing crystallization, with the water which would evaporate, I would be
left only with salt.

I started my experiment. I poured the saltwater that was left in the plastic glass from the
previous experiment into a metal pot. The heat source I
used was my stove.

To get fast and accurate results, I turned the stove’s

notch to maximum level, since it will evaporate the water
faster. However, I had to wear flame protective gloves to
protect my hands from getting ignited. I did this
experiment under adult supervision.

After a few minutes, 2-3 minutes to be approximate, I

could see the water evaporate. I could hear the salt
getting ignited too. Though, the water was evaporating at
an extremely slow speed.
After another 5 minutes, the water suddenly started evaporating at a rapid speed and
the noise of the sat getting heated got louder. At this point, I could see more salt in the
metal pot than I could see water.

After 2 more minutes, the experiment had ended, all I was left was with salt. The water
had been evaporated, However, the salt I got wasn’t inform of the salt you see in your
kitchens. It was in the form of heated salt. To further check the state of the salt, I took a
spoon and just picked the salt with my spoon. To my surprise, it turned into this weird
thing I had never seen before (second picture).
 A diagram of the experiment
Conclusion:
I conclude with the happiness that this experiment too, has proved my hypothesis right,
the salt and water has been separated.
 Filtration, Sand, Saltwater,Details Added, By Boiling, Added

BEFORE AND AFTER.

BEFORE:

AFTER:

Chromatography

Hypothesis:
I predict that my experiment will be successful and I will have all the pigments of a
spinach leaf separated.

My aim:
My aim is to separate all the pigments in a spinach leaf by performing chromatography.

Materials Required:
Filter paper, dropper, hairdryer, pencil, spinach leaves, beaker, a lid cover, thread, tape,
sanitizer, water and a mortar.

Method:
I will be separating the pigments of a spinach leaf. For this I’ll need all the resources
mentioned above.

Detailed Summary:

To conduct this final experiment, I had to crush the spinach leaves in a mortar filled with
a little sanitizer to extract the leaves’ pigments. I need the pigments to perform
chromatography. This took much power and about 7-10 minutes. After crushing the
spinach leaves in sanitizer, I was left with a green substance. It were all the pigments in
one substance.
I then took a filter paper and drew the baseline. After drawing the baseline, I, using a
dropper, dropped a drop of the pigment on to the middle of the baseline. I thought it was
too less and to make it more concentrated, added two more small drops.

I then let it dry naturally but it was taking too long for it to dry, so I used a hair dryer to
speed up the process. I used it at the least powerful settings so the filter paper wouldn’t
get damaged.

After this, I placed the paper into a beaker and tied it to a lid with thread. The beaker
was filled with sanitizer and water up to the baseline, not above. I then closed the lid
and waited 15 minutes.

After 15 minutes I got no result, my experiment had failed. I was confused; I didn’t know
how my experiment had failed, so I tried it one more time, repeating all the steps. The
second experiment failed too. I tried finding out what went wrong with my experiments
and it turned out that I had put too much leaf pigment, it was too concentrated.
What caused my experiment to failed:
I added too many drops of spinach pigments which caused my experiment to fail.

What I can do next time to prevent this:

Next time I should properly conduct a research and add a precise measurement of
spinach leaf pigment, not too concentrated, and not too less.

A diagram of what my experiment should have been

Conclusion:
I conclude with disappointing results that show my prediction has been proven to be
false. However, it is possible to extract leaf pigments via chromatography, just not the
way I did, by adding less drops of pigments.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
https://weissman.baruch.cuny.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2020/09/
Chromatographyofspinachleaf-Chem1004.pdf
https://www.thoughtco.com/separating-salt-and-sand-4055888#:~:text=Separating%20Sand
%20and%20Salt&text=Probably%20the%20easiest%20method%20to,water%20to%20recover
%20the%20salt.
https://www.britannica.com/science/crystallization

PROJECT BY AAYAN MOAZZAM