KAREN M.

PAMINTUAN
BSMD 4Y1-1

1. Antimicrobial activity of Ixora coccinea leaves against gram positive and gram negative
bacteria

JOURNAL:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/10776717_Antimicrobial_activity_of_Ixora_coccinea_leaves

- Ixora coccinea or Santan is the one of the most popular flower here in the Philippines, It has been used in traditional
medicine and other reported activities but not proven yet here in the Philippines. Ether extract exhibited good activity
against Gram negative organisms such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Sar-cina
lutea and also on Gram positive Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. Ether and methanol extracts of Ixora
coccinea dry leaves were tested for their antimicrobialactivity.

2. Antimicrobial Activities of Muntingia calabura Extracts against K.

pneumonia, B. subtilis, B. megaterium and P. aeruginosa.

Journal: http://impactfactor.org/PDF/IJPPR/9/IJPPR,Vol9,Issue6,Article16.pdf

- Muntingia calabura flowers are used to treat headaches and to provide relief from the early stages of colds
here in the Philippines. Previous studies have demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, analgesic and
antioxidant properties in the tree's leaves, as well as cytotoxicity against leukaemia cells in its roots. The results
are promising but further research is needed.

3. Microbial activity of Makahiya (Mimosa Pudica Linn) Plant against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis
Journal: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.683.8793&rep=rep1&type=pdf

- A common plant, makahiya, scientifically known as Mimosa pudica Linn. Is the subject of this study. It is locally
known as bain-bain in Iloko, and makahiya in Tagalog. Makahiya is very common and abundant in open waste
places throughout the Philippines. The stem is erect in young plants, but becomes creeping or trailing with age.
Since this plant is very common in the researcher’s area, this aroused her interest to make a study on the
medicinal prospects of this plant. Hence, in this study, the phytochemical screening and the antimicrobial
properties were conducted in the hope that the initial findings of this study will serve as a basis for future
investigations on the medicinal prospects of this plant makahiya and for the discovery of new therapeutic agents
from this plant.

4. In vitro antibacterial activity of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flower extract against Bacillus subtillis (B. subtillis),
Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella sp.

- Folkloric: In the Philippines, flower buds, beaten to a paste, applied as poultice to boils, cancerous swellings,
and mumps.
-·Poultice of leaves and flower buds applied externally to swellings; the same mixture, with the addition of lime,
hastens the maturation of tumors.
The results are promising but further research is needed.
Journal: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3609315/
 5. In vitro Antibacterial Activity of Bougainvillea spectabilis alcoholic extracts Leaves against all Gram positive
and Gram negative bacteria.

- Bougainvilleas are popular flowering plants in most areas especially with tropical or warm climates and it is
commonly seen in front of home gardens but not known in the Philippines for any medicinal use.
Antimicrobial: Study of the methanolic extracts of leaves of B. spectabilis and B. variegata showed significant
antimicrobial activity, suggesting a potential to replace commercially known antibiotics. The results are
promising but further research is needed.

Journal: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2de6/8ded7b36473f783327cb6410305959580a3d.pdf