Topic  Computation of the measures of dispersion

between variables and present inference with diagrammatic

representation.
Business Statistics

Submitted to GAURAV DAWAR SIR

 Measures of Dispersion

The state of being distributed or spread is referred to as dispersion.

The degree to which numerical data is expected to fluctuate around an
average value is referred to as statistical dispersion. In other words,
dispersion aids in understanding data distribution.
Dispersion is a collection of measurements that may be used to
objectively quantify the quality of data. Most data science courses begin
with the fundamentals of statistics, and dispersion is one such subject
that you cannot afford to overlook. The Measure of Dispersion in
Statistics is separated into two major areas and provides methods for
measuring the variety of data. It is mostly employed in biological
statistics. We can readily categorise them by determining whether or not
they include units.
So as According to the preceding, we may split the data into two
categories: Absolute Measures of Dispersion are those that have units;
they have the same unit as the initial dataset. Absolute measure of
dispersion is given as the average of dispersion characteristics such as
standard deviation or mean deviation.
Absolute Dispersion Measures
Dispersion Relative Measures

Range is the difference between the biggest and lowest values of the
data variability. The range is the most basic type of Measure of
Dispersion.
The standard deviation is: The square root of Variance is used to calculate
Standard Deviation. To calculate the standard deviation of any data, first
calculate the variance. The standard deviation is thought to be the best
measure of dispersion.
Typical Deviation
In statistics, the values without units are referred to as the relative
measure of dispersion. When comparing the distributions of two or more
datasets, a relative measure of dispersion is utilised.
The Relative Measure of Dispersion has the same definition as the
Absolute Measure of Dispersion; the only variation is the measuring
quantity.
Types of Relative Measure of Dispersion: A relative measure of dispersion
is the computation of the co-efficient of dispersion when two series with
widely disparate averages are compared. Quartiles are used to split a list
of numbers or data into quarters.
Quartile Deviation: The difference between the upper and lower quartiles
is measured by quartile deviation. The interquartile range is another
name for this measure of variation.
Range = Highest value - Lowest value, for example: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7
= (7 - 1) = 6 Mean (): The mean is the average of the numbers. To find the
Mean, sum all of the results and divide by the total number of terms.
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, etc.
Mean = (sum of all terms divided by total number of terms) = (1 + 2 + 3 +
4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8) / 8
= 36 / 8
= 4.5

Variance (2): To calculate the variance, add the sum of the squared
distances of each term in the distribution from the Mean and divide by
the total number of terms in the distribution.
Coefficient of Range: it is determined as the ratio of the difference
between the distribution's biggest and smallest terms to the sum of the
distribution's largest and smallest terms.
Understanding statistics requires an understanding of dispersion. It aids
in understanding topics such as data diversification, data dispersion, data
maintenance, and data maintenance over the central value or central
tendency.
DATA SET :-

YEAR ITC YEAR ITC

2012-13 137 2012-13 137
2013-14 151 2013-14 144
2014-15 144 2014-15 151
2015-16 203 2015-16 203
2016-17 269 2017-18 269
2017-18 298 2016-17 294
2018-19 294 2018-19 298
2019-20 312 2019-20 312
2020-21 330 2020-21 321
2021-22 321 2021-22 330
2022-23 344 2022-23 344
YEAR TCS YEAR TCS
2012-13 654 2012-13 654
2013-14 665 2013-14 665
2014-15 751 2014-15 751
2015-16 791 2015-16 791
2016-17 857 2017-18 857
2017-18 997 2016-17 965
2018-19 1089 2018-19 997
2019-20 1648 2019-20 1089
2020-21 965 2020-21 1648
2021-22 2499 2021-22 2499
2022-23 3054 2022-23 3054
YEAR SBI
YEAR SBI
2012-13 177 177
2013-14
2013-14 227 186
2012-13
2014-15 215 198
2017-18
2015-16 198 215
2016-17
2016-17 265 227
2014-15
2017-18 293 265
2015-16
2018-19 312 293
2018-19
2019-20 346 312
2020-21
2020-21 186 346
2019-20
2021-22 376 376
2021-22
2022-23 572 572
2022-23
Range = Maximum – Minimum

Range of ITC = 344 – 137 = 207

Range of TCS = 3054 – 654 = 2400

Range of SBI = 572 – 177 = 395

Quartile Deviation = (Q3 - Q1) /2

Quartile Deviation of ITC = 85

Quartile Deviation of TCS = 448.5

Quartile Deviation of SBI = 74

Mean Deviation = [Σ IX-uI]/N

Mean Deviation of ITC = 69.86

Mean Deviation of TCS = 616.54

Mean Deviation of SBI = 85.53

Standard Deviation =

Standard Deviation of ITC = 80.3

Standard Deviation of TCS = 803.19

Standard Deviation of SBI = 115.225