STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL

FORMULA:

= + A2 × = - A2 × = D4 ×

= D3 × UCLp = +3 LCLp = -3

UCL = c + 3√c LCL = c – 3√c

Question 1

A manager wants to build 3-sigma x-bar control limits for a process. The target value for the
mean of the process is 10 units, and the standard deviation of the process is 3. If samples of
size 9 are to be taken, what will be the upper and lower control limits, respectively?

Answer:
UCL = 13
LCL = 7

Question 2

If = 23 ounces, σ = 1.0 ounces, and n = 16, what will be the ± 3σ control limits for the x-bar
chart?

Answer:
UCL = 23.75 ounces
LCL = 22.25 ounces

Question 3

A manager wishes to build a 3-sigma range chart for a process. The sample size is five, the
mean of sample means is 28.5, and the average range is 3.9. From Table S6.1, the appropriate
value of D3 is 0, and D4 is 2.115. What are the UCL and LCL, respectively, for this range
chart?

Answer:
UCL = 8.25
LCL = 0
Question 4

The local newspaper receives several complaints per day about typographic errors. Over a
seven-day period, the publisher has received calls from readers reporting the following total
daily number of errors: 4, 3, 2, 6, 7, 3, and 9. Based on these data alone, what type of control
chart(s) should the publisher use?

Answer:
c-chart

Question 5

The defect rate for a product has historically been about 1.5%. What are the upper and lower
control chart limits for a p-chart, if you wish to use a sample size of 50 and 3-sigma limits?

Answer:

UCLp = + 3 = 0.015 + 3 × = .0666

LCLp = - 3 = 0.015 - 3 × = -0.0366, or zero