CER3: CE Correlation

Course 3
Midyear 2021-2022
Statics of Rigid Bodies
› Force Systems
› Beams, Cables and Trusses
› Truss and Frame Analysis
Force Systems
Resultant of Force Systems

− cos 𝜃𝜃 = cos 180 − 𝜃𝜃

Example

𝑅𝑅 = 1002 + 1502 + 2 100 150 cos 45

𝑅𝑅 = 231.76 𝑁𝑁
150 𝑁𝑁
� 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 100 + 150 cos 45 = 206.07 𝑁𝑁
17.76°
� 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 150 sin 45 = 106.07 𝑁𝑁
45° 27.24°
𝑅𝑅 = 206.072 + 106.072 = 231.76 𝑁𝑁
100 𝑁𝑁 106.07
𝜃𝜃 = tan−1 = 27.24°
206.07
 40
cos 𝜃𝜃 = = 0.8
50
Example sin 𝜃𝜃 =
30
50
= 0.6

� 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 40 + 30 0.8 = 64 𝑁𝑁
C
𝜃𝜃 30 N
� 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 50 − 30 0.6 = 32 𝑁𝑁
50 mm
𝑅𝑅 = 642 + 322 = 71.55 𝑁𝑁
30 mm 50 N

𝜃𝜃

B 40 N 40 mm A
Polygon Law of Forces
Example
45° 30°
40°

� 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 20 cos 30 − 30 cos 45 − 35 cos 40 = −30.70 𝑁𝑁

� 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 20 sin 30 + 25 + 30 sin 45 − 35 sin 40 = 33.72 𝑁𝑁

33.72
𝜃𝜃 = tan−1 = 47°41′ 𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊
−30.70 resultant
Moment of a Force

F
d
F
d

M=Fd

M=Fd
Example
15
15 sin 60

60
𝑀𝑀 = 15 0.8 = 12 𝑁𝑁 ⋅ 𝑚𝑚 B
15 cos 60
𝑀𝑀 = 15 sin 60 0.8 = 10.39 𝑁𝑁 ⋅ 𝑚𝑚
Example � 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 = 0

𝑇𝑇 100 − 100 200 − 40 100 = 0

𝑇𝑇 = 240 𝑁𝑁

20 N T

𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥

100 N 𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦
40 N
Parallel Forces
Example

� 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 0
350 𝑁𝑁
−350 3 + 400 1.5 + 200𝑥𝑥 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = 2.25 𝑚𝑚

A B

𝑥𝑥

200 𝑁𝑁
400 𝑁𝑁
Couple
Example

� 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 100 − 𝑃𝑃 − 100 cos 45 = 0

45°
𝑃𝑃 = 29.29 𝑁𝑁
� 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 200 − 𝑄𝑄 − 100 sin 45 = 0

𝑄𝑄 = 129.29 𝑁𝑁 45°

� 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 𝑀𝑀 = −200 1 − 29.29 1

= −229.29 𝑁𝑁 ⋅ 𝑚𝑚
Equilibrium of Forces

In 2 dimensions, In 3 dimensions,
� 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 0 � 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 0

� 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 0 � 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 0

� 𝑀𝑀𝑧𝑧 = 0 � 𝐹𝐹𝑧𝑧 = 0

� 𝑀𝑀𝑥𝑥 = 0

� 𝑀𝑀𝑦𝑦 = 0

� 𝑀𝑀𝑧𝑧 = 0
 30°
𝐹𝐹𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
Example 120° 𝐹𝐹𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 𝐹𝐹𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶
60°
𝐹𝐹𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵

1000 𝑁𝑁
1000 𝑁𝑁

120°
sin 30 sin 120 𝐹𝐹𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = 1000 𝑁𝑁
= 60°
1000 𝐹𝐹𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
30° 𝐹𝐹𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 1732.05 𝑁𝑁 60°
1000 𝑁𝑁 1000 𝑁𝑁
𝐹𝐹𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = 1000 𝑁𝑁 60°
𝐹𝐹𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 = 1000 𝑁𝑁
120°
30°
1000 𝑁𝑁
 𝐹𝐹𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 64.05 𝑁𝑁

50
𝜃𝜃 = cos −1 = 51°19′ 100 𝑁𝑁 100 𝑁𝑁
80
Example
80 80
80 𝜃𝜃 𝐴𝐴
40 𝜃𝜃 40
100
𝜃𝜃
𝐹𝐹𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 𝐹𝐹2
50 𝐵𝐵
𝜃𝜃 𝜃𝜃
𝐴𝐴

𝛼𝛼 + 2𝜃𝜃 + 90 − 𝜃𝜃 = 180 𝐴𝐴
sin 38°41′ = 𝐹𝐹𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 64.05 𝑁𝑁
𝛼𝛼 = 90 − 𝜃𝜃 64.05
38°41′ 𝐴𝐴 = 40 𝑁𝑁 𝐵𝐵 − 100
38°41′
sin 102°38′ sin 38°41′
100 𝑁𝑁 = 150 𝑁𝑁
102°38′ 100 𝐹𝐹 𝐵𝐵 − 100
𝐹𝐹 = 64.05 𝑁𝑁 cos 38°41′ =
64.05
𝐹𝐹𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 64.05 𝑁𝑁 𝐵𝐵 − 100 = 50
38°41′ 𝐵𝐵 = 150 𝑁𝑁
𝜃𝜃
40 𝑁𝑁
Statics of Rigid Bodies
› Force Systems
› Beams, Cables and Trusses
› Truss and Frame Analysis
 𝑇𝑇𝑦𝑦 = 𝑇𝑇 sin 30°
𝑇𝑇 B B 450 𝑁𝑁
𝑇𝑇𝑥𝑥 = 𝑇𝑇 cos 30°
Example
200 N/m

1.5 m

1 𝑁𝑁
𝑅𝑅 = 200 4.5 𝑚𝑚
2 𝑚𝑚
= 450 𝑁𝑁
100 N 100 N
A A
𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥
� 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 0

−185.58 cos 30 + 𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 = 0

𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 = 160.71 𝑁𝑁

� 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 0 � 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 0

−𝑇𝑇 cos 30° 7 + 450 1.5 + 100 4.5 = 0 185.58 sin 30 − 450 − 100 + 𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 = 0
𝑇𝑇 = 185.58 𝑁𝑁 𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 = 457.21 𝑁𝑁
Example
𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦

A
𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥

3 cos 45

3 sin 45

F F F
45°

3 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 � 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 0

3 cos 45 2 − 𝐹𝐹 2 − 𝐹𝐹 4 − 𝐹𝐹 6 = 0
12𝐹𝐹 = 6 cos 45
𝐹𝐹 = 0.354 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
 10 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 � 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 = 0

Example
𝐴𝐴 1.2 + 1.2 cos 60 − 10 0.6 + 1.2 cos 60 − 6 0.4 = 0
𝐴𝐴 = 8 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘

1.2 𝑚𝑚
6 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘

𝐴𝐴 30°
𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 60°
60°
� 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 0 1.2 cos 60

𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 − 6 cos 30 = 0
𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 = 3 3 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 = 5.196 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
5
� 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 0 𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦 𝜃𝜃 = tan−1 | |
3 3
𝜃𝜃 = 43.90°
8 − 10 − 6 sin 30 + 𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦 = 0
𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦 = 5 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
 5 7 10 2

Example
0.5

𝐴𝐴

𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥

� 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 = 0

𝐴𝐴 14 − 5 14 − 7 6 𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦 � 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 0
+ 2 6 − 0.5 6 = 0
𝐴𝐴 = 7.36 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 7.36 − 5 − 7 − 10 − 2 + 𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦 = 0
𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦 = 16.64 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
� 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 0
𝐵𝐵 = 0.52 + 16.642
𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 − 0.5 = 0 𝐵𝐵 = 16.65 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 = 0.5 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 −1
16.64
𝜃𝜃 = tan = 88.28°
0.5
Statics of Rigid Bodies
› Force Systems
› Beams, Cables and Trusses
› Truss and Frame Analysis
 Joint D Using similar
triangles,
600 𝑁𝑁
Method of Joints 2 𝑚𝑚 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 2
=
2 4
𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 = 1 𝑚𝑚
𝐹𝐹𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷
𝐹𝐹𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 𝜃𝜃
𝜃𝜃 = tan−1 2
1 𝑚𝑚 𝜃𝜃 = 63.43°
600 𝑁𝑁
63.43°
𝐹𝐹𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷
90 − 𝜃𝜃 tan 63.43° = =2
𝜃𝜃 𝐹𝐹𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 600
𝐹𝐹𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 𝐹𝐹𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 = 1200 𝑁𝑁 𝑇𝑇

𝐹𝐹𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 = 6002 + 12002

𝐹𝐹𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 = 600 2 + 2 ⋅ 600 2
𝐹𝐹𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 = 600 5 𝑁𝑁 = 1341.64 𝑁𝑁 (𝐶𝐶)
45°
2 𝑚𝑚

2 𝑚𝑚 45°
 Joint C
� 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 0
63.43°
600 5 cos 63.43° + 𝐹𝐹𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 cos 63.43° − 𝐹𝐹𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 = 0
𝐹𝐹𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 cos 63.43° − 𝐹𝐹𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 = −600
600 5
� 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 0
𝐹𝐹𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 63.43°
−600 5 sin 63.43° − 𝐹𝐹𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 sin 63.43° = 0
𝐹𝐹𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 = −600 5 𝑁𝑁
𝐹𝐹𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶
𝐹𝐹𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 = 600 5 𝑁𝑁 (𝐶𝐶)

−600 5 cos 63.43° − 𝐹𝐹𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 = −600

−600 − 𝐹𝐹𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 = −600
𝐹𝐹𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 = 0
Joint E 𝐹𝐹𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 = 1200 𝑁𝑁

𝐹𝐹𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 − 1200 = 900

900 𝑁𝑁 𝐹𝐹𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 − 1200 45° 𝐹𝐹𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 𝐹𝐹𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 = 2100 𝑁𝑁 (𝑇𝑇)
45°
𝐹𝐹𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 = 900 2 𝑁𝑁 (𝐶𝐶)

𝐹𝐹𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 45°
𝐹𝐹𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸
900 𝑁𝑁
 𝐹𝐹𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵
B
� 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 0

Method of Sections −𝐺𝐺 8 + 260 12

13
16 = 0
𝐹𝐹𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵

𝐺𝐺 = 480 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 = 100 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙

� 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 0 A H 𝐹𝐹𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻
5
17 3 12
𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 = 240 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
1 𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 + 480 − 260 =0
13
4 𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 = −240 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
4
� 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 0

5 � 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 = 0
𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 − 260 =0
13
𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 = 100 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 −100 3 − 240 4 − 𝐹𝐹𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 3 = 0
𝐹𝐹𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 = −420 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
� 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 0 𝐹𝐹𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 = 420 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 (𝐶𝐶)
� 𝑀𝑀𝐺𝐺 = 0
4
100 − 420 + 120 17
17 4
4 −240 8 + 𝐹𝐹𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 4 =0
+ 𝐹𝐹𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 =0 17
𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 𝐺𝐺 5 𝐹𝐹𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = 120 17 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 = 494.77 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 (𝑇𝑇)
𝐹𝐹𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = −200 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
𝐹𝐹𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = 200 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 (𝐶𝐶)
 Pulley A Pulley C � 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 0
� 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 0

Frame Analysis 𝐹𝐹1 𝐹𝐹1

2𝐹𝐹1 − 100 = 0 𝐹𝐹3 𝐹𝐹3
2𝐹𝐹3 − 25 = 0
𝐹𝐹3 = 12.5 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
𝐹𝐹1 = 50 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙

𝐹𝐹2 = 25 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
100 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙

𝑇𝑇 = 100 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
Pulley B Pulley D
� 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 0

𝐹𝐹2 𝐹𝐹2 2𝐹𝐹2 − 50 = 0

𝐹𝐹2 = 25 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙

𝐹𝐹3 = 12.5 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑃𝑃 = 12.5 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙

𝐹𝐹1 = 50 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
100 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
 � 𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶 = 0
� 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 0

Frame Analysis 𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 − 500

5
+ 200 cos 60 = 0
13
𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 = 92.31 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
� 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 0

12
𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 − 500 − 200 sin 60 + 𝐵𝐵
13
𝑀𝑀
=0
𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 � 𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶 = 0

−𝐵𝐵 12 + 200 sin 60 8 + 4000

=0
𝐵𝐵 = 448.80 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙

Solving for 𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 ,

𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 𝐵𝐵 12
𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 − 500 − 200 sin 60
13
+ 448.8 = 0
𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 = 185.94 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
 𝑀𝑀
Solving for 𝑀𝑀,
12
𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 −𝑀𝑀 + 500 4 − (275.60) 8 = 0
92.31 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 13
𝑀𝑀 = 358.63 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 ⋅ 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

� 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 0
𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦
5
𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 + 92.31 − 500 =0
13
185.94 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 = 100 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙

� 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 0

12
−𝑀𝑀 + 500 4 − 𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦 8 = 0
13
� 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 0

12
𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦 + 185.94 − 500 =0
13
𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦 = 275.60 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
 C 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥
� 𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶 = 0

Frame Analysis 30° 60°

𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦 −𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 0.75 3 + 𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 0.75
− 600 0.75 = 0
0.75 3 𝑚𝑚 −𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 3 + 𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 = 600
� 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 0
𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 60°
𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 + 600 cos 30 + 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 = 0
A 0.75 𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 + 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 = −300 3
� 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 0
𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦
𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 + 𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦 − 600 sin 30 = 0
0.75 3 𝑚𝑚 𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 + 𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦 = 300
𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥
� 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 0
𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥
600 0.75 + 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 0.75 3
− 𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦 0.75 = 0
𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 3 − 𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦 = −600 1
𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦

𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 C 500 𝑁𝑁
𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦
Solving for the other forces,
𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥
𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 + 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 = −300 3
𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 = −116.99 𝑁𝑁
𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 + 𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦 = 300
𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 = 397.37 𝑁𝑁
𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 − 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 = 500
𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 = 97.37 𝑁𝑁
𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦 − 𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦 = 0
𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦 = 97.37 𝑁𝑁
� 𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶 = 0 Adding 1 and 2 :
−𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 1 − 𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦 1 = 0 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 3 − 𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦 = −600
� 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 0 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 + 𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦 = −500
𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 3 + 1 = −1100
𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 − 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 − 500 = 0 1100
𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 = −
𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 − 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 = 500 3+1
� 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 0 ≈ −402.63 𝑁𝑁
𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦 − 𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦 = 0 Solving for 𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦 ,
B 1100
� 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 = 0 − + 𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦 = −500
3+1
𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦 = −97.37 𝑁𝑁
−𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 1 − 𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦 1 − 500 1 = 0
𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 + 𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦 = −500
𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦 2
Summary of Results:
𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 = 116. 99 𝑁𝑁 ← 𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦 = 97.37 𝑁𝑁 ↑
𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 = 397.37 𝑁𝑁 ↑ 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 = 402.63 𝑁𝑁 ←
𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 = 97.37 𝑁𝑁 → 𝐶𝐶𝑦𝑦 = 97.37 𝑁𝑁 ↓