Articles of Indian Constitution

Constitution of India contains 448 Articles in 25 Parts 12 Schedules

Constitution of India
MCN 202
The Union and its Territory
Constitution of India - Part I (Articles 1- 4)
Joaquim Ignatious Monteiro
Assistant Professor
Dept. of ECE
College of Engg. TVM

Constitution of India - Part I (Articles 1- 4) Part 1 : Article 1

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Constitution of India contains 448 Articles in 25 Parts, 12 Schedules ●
ARTICLE 1 : NAME AND TERRITORY OF THE UNION
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Part I of Indian Constitution is titled The Union and its Territory ●
India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States.
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It includes articles from 1- 4 ●
The States and the territories thereof shall be as speci
ed in the First
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Part I is a compilation of laws pertaining to the constitution of India as a Schedule.
country and the union of states that it is made of ●
The territory of India shall comprise –
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This part of the constitution contains the law in the establishment, – the territories of the States;
renaming, merging or altering the borders of the states – the Union territories speci
ed in the First Schedule; and
– such other territories as may be acquired.

Part 1 : Article 2 Part 1: Article 3

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ARTICLE 2 : ADMISSION OR ESTABLISHMENT OF NEW STATES ●
ARTICLE 3 : Formation of New States And Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or
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Parliament may by law admit into the Union, or establish, new States on such terms and Names of Existing States
conditions as it thinks t. ●
Parliament can :
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The acquired territories can be converted in to a state/states as per Article 2. ●
form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two
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Article 2a : Sikkim to be associated with the union (36 th amendment of constitution or more States or parts of States or by uniting any territory to a part of any
1975)
State;
– Sikkim was a tiny Himalayan kingdom once ruled by the hereditary monarchy for
about 3 centuries from 17 century A.D
– increase the area of any State;
– In 1950 the kingdom became a protectorate of the Government of India vested with – diminish the area of any State;
autonomy in its internal aairs while its defence, communications and external – alter the boundaries of any State;
relation under the responsibility of the protector
– The kingdom nally opted to become full edged State of the Indian Union with
– alter the name of any State:
eect from 26 April, 1975. Sikkim became the 22nd State of India.
Instances when articles under part 1 were invoked Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019
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Articles under Part I were invoked when West Bengal was renamed, and for
formation of new states such as Jharkhand, Chattisgarh, Uttarakhand,
Telengana, Andhra pradesh
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Recent examples
– Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019
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Passed by both houses of the Parliament of India in August 2019
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The act re-constituted the former state of Jammu and Kashmir into two
union territories, Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh, with eect from 31
October 2019.

Is India a federal state ? (unitary v/s federal)

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A unitary system is composed of one central government that holds all the power, but a federal
system divides power between national and states
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India is a federal country. But not once in the constitution is the word “federation” ever mentioned.
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Instead what is said is that India is a “Union of States’
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Federal features of Indian constitution
– Division of powers between central & state govts (7 th schedule)
– Written constitution, supremacy of the constitution, supreme judiciary
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Unitary features of Indian constitution
– Single constitution (states don’t have separate constitution), single citizenship, states existence
depend on the center, emergency powers of the central govt
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India is a Federal state with a unitary bias (ie central govt is more powerful than states)
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There is always talk about following principles of cooperative federalism in center -state relations