c) Composite assemblies or widely differing base metals require careful

selection cleaning treatments which are compatible with all components.

The cleaning methods discussed are divided into the following
classifications: mechanical, chemical and electrochemical
In this paper, only chemical cleaning of TWT components is discussed.
Chemical Cleaning of TWT Components or Metal parts
Metal parts which have been fabricated will usually be coated with grease or
oil. the oil resulting from the machining or forming operation or handling.
Many of these oils or greases contain additives, the most common of which
is sulfur, a known cathode poison. Other materials for lubricating and cooling
contain inorganic solvents. The materials for these purposes which have
been analyzed according to very rigid specifications.
All of these materials have been selected because of their compatibility with
vacuum tube processing procedures. They are free from sulfur,
phosphorous, residual chlorides, metallic salts, and metal such as lead, zinc,
bismuth, and cadmium, as well as volatile materials which on machining or
forming could be imbedded in the surface of the material being worked. All
of the recommended materials are soluble in either water or Trichloroethane,
the normal solvent used for removal of greases and oils. Metals are
generally chemically cleaned by solvent degreasing in conjunction with
alkaline cleaning, acid pickling, bright dipping. and electrolytic etching or
polishing. The method selectee largely depends upon the type of materials
to be rem oved and the amount of surface disturbance that can be tolerated.
VAPOR DECREASING
Degreasing metal parts is usually done by vapor degreasing in
trichloroethane solvent and vapor in (On­ junction with alkaline detergent
cleaning which is designed to emulsify materials remaining on the surface.
All parts requiring vapor degreasing cleaning should be free of excessive oil,
grease. or wax.
The vapor degreaser is a metal tank in which the bottom is divided into two
compartments. one containing heating coils for vaporizing the solvent, the
other a cooled chamber in which the clean vapor is condensed. The tank is
deep enough to contain a water­cooled condensing ring near the top of the
tank which acts as a vapor barrier and retains the solvent vapor within the
degreaser.
 Figure 1.1. Vapour degreasing principle of operation

Ultrasonic Cleaning Machine:

The ultrasonic cleaning machine is a type of cleaning equipment featuring a
high precision and offering a complete, rapid removal of stubborn stains.

Figure 2. Ultrasonic Cleaning Machine

The following Processing tanks are used for cleaning of different parts made
out of different materials of the TWT.
a. Alkali tanks
b. Plating tanks
c. Bright dip
d. Striping tanks
e. Rinsing tanks
f. Acid pickling tanks