A

REPORT
ON
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING

..

PREPARED FOR PREPARED BY

TYPE A PLOT A2 KHUSBU MAHARJAN
NEC N0:25101

LALITPUR METROPOLITAN CITY

07 April 2021

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 TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN

This report comprises the summary of the structural design of Residential

Building. The report consists of design procedures adopted, assumptions made,
and the input assign in the design. During design it is assumed that the client will
completely followed the architectural as well as the structural design. It is also
assumed that the construction will be supervised by a professional engineer.
The designer will not be responsible if any alteration or change to the structural
system is made by the client or contractor without the prior permission from the
designer, or the alteration to the non-structural system is made such that the
weight of each individual floor or the weight of the whole building is altered by
more than 10% of the design weight of the floor and the total weight.
The design calculations and derivations are limited to only to let the concerned
people know the methodology adopted. However, the calculation may be
provided to the client or the concerned authorities when needed, upon request.

KHUSBU MAHARJAN

(DESIGNER)

NEC NO:25101

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 1
1.1 General ................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Salient Features ................................................................................................... 1
1.2.1 Project Information ......................................................................................... 1
1.2.2 Building Features ............................................................................................ 1
1.2.3 Site Condition.................................................................................................. 3
2 Analysis Technology and Methodology .......................................................... 3
2.1 General ................................................................................................................ 3
2.2 Codes and Standard used .................................................................................... 5
2.3 Software Used ..................................................................................................... 5
3 Analysis .............................................................................................................. 6
3.1 Material properties .............................................................................................. 6
3.1.1 Concrete .......................................................................................................... 6
3.1.2 Reinforcement Steel ........................................................................................ 6
3.2 Section Properties ............................................................................................... 6
3.3 Loadings .............................................................................................................. 6
3.3.1 Load Cases ...................................................................................................... 7
3.3.2 Load Combination ........................................................................................... 7
3.4 Estimation of Load .............................................................................................. 8
3.4.1 Unit Weight (Dead Load) ................................................................................ 8
3.4.2 Live Load ...................................................................................................... 12
3.4.3 Seismic Load ................................................................................................. 14
4 Analysis Output............................................................................................... 15
4.1 Seismic Coefficient Method ............................................................................. 15
4.2 Story Drift ......................................................................................................... 16
4.3 Modal time period and mass participation ........................................................ 17
4.4 Force Diagram .................................................................................................. 17
4.4.1 Axial Force Diagram ..................................................................................... 17
4.4.2 Shear Force Diagram ..................................................................................... 18
4.4.3 Moment Diagram .......................................................................................... 19
4.5 Joint Reactions .................................................................................................. 20
5 Design of Structural Members (Sample Design) .......................................... 21
5.1 Design Input and Output ................................................................................... 21
5.2 Design Output Diagram .................................................................................... 23

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5.3 Design of Slab ...................................................................................................... 27
5.3 Design of Beam................................................................................................. 30
5.4 Design of Column ............................................................................................. 33
5.5 Design of Foundation ........................................................................................ 36
6 References ........................................................................................................ 60

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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Ground Floor Plan ...................................................................................... 2
Figure 2: Top Floor Plan ............................................................................................. 2
Figure 3: Section of building ....................................................................................... 3
Figure 4: Frame Load (Wall Load) on First Floor ................................................. 11
Figure 5: Frame Load (Wall Load) on Grid B-B .................................................... 12
Figure 6: Area Load (LL) on Floor Slab ................................................................. 13
Figure 7: Area Load (Floor Finishing and partition Load) on Floor Slab ........... 14
Figure 8: Story Displacement (Eqx) ......................................................................... 16
Figure 9: Story Displacement (Eqy) ......................................................................... 16
Figure 10: Envelope - Axial Force diagram: Grid C-C .......................................... 17
Figure 11: Envelope-Shear Force diagram: Grid C-C ........................................... 18
Figure 12: Envelope -Moment diagram: Grid C-C ................................................ 19
Figure 13: Joint Level and Reactions ....................................................................... 20
Figure 14: Section Input in Frame along Grid C-C................................................ 21
Figure 15: Section Input in First Floor .................................................................... 22
Figure 16: Design Output in First Floor .................................................................. 23
Figure 17: Design Output in Grid A-A .................................................................... 24
Figure 18: Design Output in Grid B-B..................................................................... 25
Figure 19: Design Output in Grid C-C .................................................................... 26
Figure 20:Foundation Layout ................................................................................... 59

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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Load Cases ..................................................................................................... 7
Table 2: Load Combination ........................................................................................ 7
Table 3: Unit Weight of Materials .............................................................................. 8
Table 4: Dead Load Calculation ................................................................................. 9
Table 5: Live Load for Residential Building ........................................................... 12
Table 6: Fundamental Time period.......................................................................... 15
Table 7: Seismic coefficient and base shear ............................................................. 15
Table 8: Summary of slab ......................................................................................... 29
Table 9: Beam Reinforcement detail ........................................................................ 32
Table 10: Summary of Design of Column............................................................... 35
Table 11: Summary of Design of Footing ................................................................ 58

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1 Introduction
1.1 General
This report presents the structure analysis and design of residential Building. The building
is Special Reinforced Concrete Moment Resisting Frame (SMRF) type of building. It is
designed to meet both strength and serviceability requirements when subjected to gravity
and earthquake loads.
The analysis and design has been based on IS codes that are in practice in Nepal. This
report consists of the design assumptions, design methodology, design inputs and outputs,
and sample design of structural members.
1.2 Salient Features
1.2.1 Project Information

Type of building : Residential Building

Location : Lalitpur

Plinth Area : 555.08 sq.ft.

1.2.2 Building Features

The building has some special features which are listed below:
Type of Building : Special RC Moment Resisting Frame Structure

Shape : Regular Rectangular Shape

Plinth level : As per architectural drawing

Roof floor Type : Accessible, Terrace

Walls : Brick walls

Isolated Footing, Combined Footing With Strap

Footing Type :
Beam, Combined Slab Footing

Depth of Minimum 1.5m below ground level or as per site

:
foundation condition

Story Height : 9’4’’

Total Height : 37’4’’ (without parapet)

No of Story : Ground Story + Two Story + Half Story

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Figure 1: Ground Floor Plan

Figure 2: Top Floor Plan

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Figure 3: Section of building

1.2.3 Site Condition

Type of soil : TypeII, Medium as per IS-1893(Part 1):2002

Allowable bearing pressure : 120 KN/m2(Assumed)

Seismic Zone Factor : 0.36 as per IS-1893(Part 1):2002

2 Analysis Technology and Methodology

2.1 General
After completion of Architectural design, the layout of columns and beams are done
without affecting the Architectural functions of building so far. Structure is modeled
using finite element method. A three-dimensional beam element having 12 DOF with
6 DOFs at each node were used for modeling beams and columns in the building,
while 24DOFs shell element with 6 DOFs at each node were used to model slab wall.
The structure is analyzed by the linear elastic theory to calculate internal actions
produced by anticipated design loads. The analysis is carried out using state of art
three dimensional structural analysis programs like ETABS 2015. The design loads

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considered as per the relevant codes of practice comprise dead load due to permanent
structures, live load due to occupancy of the structure and seismic load due to
anticipated earthquake possible at the proposed location. A number of load
combinations are considered to obtain the maximum values of design stresses.
Following considerations is made during modeling, analysis and design.
 The structures are Special Reinforced Concrete Moment Resisting Frame
(SMRF) type. Beams and columns are considered as the structural load
resisting elements. Although non-structural components like wall plaster,
infill walls, floor finishing etc. has comes effects on structural performance,
they are considered only as loading.
 For all structural elements, M20 grade concrete are used.
 Centre-line dimensions are followed for modeling, analysis and design.
 Floor slabs are assumed to be rigid in their own plane. The slab action has
been modeled by rigid floor diaphragms. Slabs are also considered in
modeling. Slab is modeled as shell element.
 Beam and columns are modeled as frame elements.
 The main beams rest centrally on columns to avoid local eccentricity.
 Foundation is assumed to be fully rigid at the plinth level.
 The beam-column joint is not modeled in detail.
 Preliminary sizes of structural components are assumed by experience.
 Seismic loads were considered acting in the horizontal direction (along either
of the two orthogonal directions of building) and not along the vertical
direction, since it is not considered to be significant for design of structural
members suitable load combinations as suggested by IS 1893– 2002 are used.

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Figure 4: 3D-Modelof Building

2.2 Codes and Standard used
For the structural analysis and design, the following codes and standard are followed:
 IS 456- 2000 Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete
 IS 875-1987 Code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for
buildings and structures
 IS 1893-2002 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures,
 IS 13920-1993 Code of practice for ductile detailing of reinforced concrete
structures subjected to seismic forces
 NBC Nepal Building Code

2.3 Software Used

The following software is used for the structural analysis and design. For structural
modeling of the present building, ETABS software was used. ETABS is a special purpose
finite element analysis and design program developed specifically for building systems.
With ETABS, models are defined logically floor-by-floor, column-by-column, bay-by-bay
and wall-by-wall and not as a stream of non-descript nodes and elements as in general
purpose programs. The software has very powerful numerical methods, design procedures
and international design codes, all working from a single comprehensive database. Among

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others, ETABS can do model generation, seismic and wind load generation, finite element-
based linear and non-linear static and dynamic analysis, concrete frame design (column and
beam) and shear wall design.

3 Analysis
3.1 Material properties
3.1.1 Concrete
Column is designed for M20 grade of concrete. And all other components of plain
and reinforced concrete unless specified in design are M20 grade.
Modulus of Elasticity [Ec]= 5000 √fckN/mm2(Cl. 6.2.3.1, IS 456:2000)
= 23670 N/mm2for M20 grade
Poisson’s Ratio [U] = 0.2
Unit Weight = 25 KN/m3
Characteristic Strength [ƒck] = 20 N/mm2for M20 grade
The structural design strength is derived from the characteristic strength multiplied
by a coefficient 0.67 and divided by the material partial safety factor. The partial
factor for concrete in flexure and axial load is 1.5.
3.1.2 Reinforcement Steel
Characteristic strength of high yield steel is taken as 500MPa (TMT) for main rebar
and 500 MPa shear rebar and material partial safety factor is to be1.15.
Modulus of Elasticity [Es] = 2x105 N/mm2
Poisson’s Ratio [U] = 0.3
3.2 Section Properties
 Preliminary Size of Members

The preliminary sizes of Beam, Column, and Slab were chosen based on experience.
Tie beam : 230mm*300mm
Secondary Beam: 230mm*350mm
Main Beam : 300 mm *450mm
Column : 400 mm *400 mm
Slab Thickness : 125 mm
During the analysis, beam and column are modeled as frame elements whereas slabs
are modeled as area element.
3.3 Loadings
The following considerations are made during the loading on the structural model:
 The loads distributed over the area are imposed on the area element and the
loads distributed over the length are imposed on the frame elements whenever
possible.
 Where such loading is not possible, equivalent conversion to different loading
distribution is carried to load the model near the real case as far as possible.
 For lateral load, necessary calculations are performed to comply with the
requirements of IS 1893-2002.

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3.3.1 Load Cases

The following load cases are used for the loading during analysis.

Table 1: Load Cases

Load Name Load Type Description Unit Remarks
Dead Dead Self-weight of the structure KN/m2
Wall S. Dead Wall Load KN/m On floor & roof beam
Finish S. Dead Floor Finish Load KN/m2 On floor & roof slab
Partition S. Dead Partition Wall Load KN/m2 On floor slab
LL Floor Live Imposed Load KN/m2 On floor slab
LL Terrace Live Imposed Load KN/m2 On terrace slab
EQX Quake Seismic Coefficient IS1893 X+0.05Y
EQY Quake Seismic Coefficient IS1893 Y+0.05X

3.3.2 Load Combination

The load combinations are based on IS 1893 -2002. The following load
combinations are specified as per 1893 -2002:
Static Load Combination:
1.5(DL + LL)
Seismic Load Combination:
1.2(DL + LL ± EQx± EQy)
1.5(DL ± EQx± EQy)
0.9 DL ±1.5 EQx±1.5 EQy
The following load combinations are used during analysis
Table 2: Load Combination
S.N Name Type
1 1.5(DL + LL) 1.5(DL + LL)
2 1.2(DL + LL+ EQx) 1.2(DL + LL+ EQx)
3 1.2(DL + LL - EQx) 1.2(DL + LL - EQx)
4 1.2(DL + LL + EQy) 1.2(DL + LL + EQy)
5 1.2(DL + LL - EQy) 1.2(DL + LL - EQy)
6 1.5(DL + EQx) 1.5(DL + EQx)
7 1.5(DL - EQx) 1.5(DL - EQx)
8 1.5(DL + EQy) 1.5(DL + EQy)
9 1.5(DL - EQy) 1.5(DL - EQy)
10 0.9DL + 1.5EQx 0.9DL + 1.5EQx

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11 0.9DL - 1.5EQx 0.9DL - 1.5EQx

12 0.9DL + 1.5EQy 0.9DL + 1.5EQy
13 0.9DL - 1.5EQy 0.9DL - 1.5EQy

3.4 Estimation of Load

The loads on the building are based on Indian codes of Practices. The unit weight of
different structural and non-structural elements are derived from IS 875 Part 1 and
presented in Table 3. The load calculations are based on actual measured drawings. The
self-weight of beams, columns and slabs are calculated by the program. Similarly the
imposed loads are applied on the slab as area load in KN/m2 and values of imposed
loads are tabulated in Table 5below.

 The weight of infill walls are calculated and applied on beams as line weight in
KN/m.
 Partition wall load are assigned as uniformly distributed area load in slab as area
load in KN/m2.
 Floor finishing load are assigned as area load in slab.
 Single type of Live load is assigned in each panel of slab.
 A frame load is applied as parapet loading on the exterior frame of the roof level.
 The roof is assumed accessible and loaded with roof live load as per Indian
Standard, IS 875 -1987(part2) but this load is not considered during seismic load.

3.4.1 Unit Weight (Dead Load)

Dead loads for analysis are calculated as per Indian Standard, IS 875 -1987(part1).
Unit weights of different material used are given below.

Table 3: Unit Weight of Materials

S.N Type Value
1 Reinforced Concrete 25 KN/m3
2 Brick Masonry 16.5 KN/m3
3 Screed 21.0 KN/m3
4 Marble 26.7 KN/m3
5 Mosaic finish 23.1 KN/m3
6 Plaster 20.4 KN/m3
7 Steel Rebar 78.6 KN/m3

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Table 4: Dead Load Calculation

1 Unit Weights of materials
Brick masonry 16.50 kN/m3
Screed 21.00 kN/m3
Mosaic 23.10 kN/m3
Marble 26.70 kN/m3
Reinforced Concrete 25.00 kN/m3
Cement plaster 20.40 kN/m3

2 Heights of Beams, Walls & Parapet Walls

Depth of Beam 0.35 m
Height of Building 2.84 m
Height of Parapet Wall 0.99 m
Wall thickness 0.23 m
Plaster thickness (both interior and exterior) 0.03 m

3 Dead Loads of Walls

a) Dead load of 230 mm thick wall 9.47 kN/m
with inside and
outside plaster 1.654052 KN/m Total 11.12 KN/m
32.5 mm
Dead load of 230 mm thick wall with 25 %
7.10 kN/m
opening (Outer wall)
with inside and
outside plaster 1.654052 KN/m Total 8.75 KN/m
32.5 mm
Dead load of 230 mm thick wall with 15%
8.05 kN/m
opening (Inner wall)
with inside and
outside plaster 1.654052 KN/m Total 9.70 KN/m
32.5 mm
b) Dead load of 115 mm thick wall 4.73 kN/m
with inside and
outside plaster 1.654052 KN/m Total 6.39 KN/m
32.5 mm
Dead load of 115 mm thick wall with 25 %
3.55 kN/m
opening (Outer wall)
with inside and
outside plaster 1.654052 KN/m Total 5.20 KN/m
32.5 mm
Dead load of 115 mm thick wall with 15%
4.02 kN/m
opening (Inner wall)
with inside and
outside plaster 1.654052 KN/m Total 5.68 KN/m
32.5 mm
c) Dead load of parapet wall (230 mm thick) 3.76 kN/m

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with inside and

outside plaster 0.42432 KN/m Total 4.18 KN/m
32.5 mm
Dead load of parapet wall (115 mm thick) 1.88 kN/m
with inside and
outside plaster 0.42432 KN/m Total 2.30 KN/m
32.5 mm

4 Floor Loads
Thickness of slab 0.125 m
Thickness of tile with
0.025 m
plaster
Thickness of Mosaic 0.020 m
Thickness of Marble 0.020 m
Thickness of Screed 0.040 m
Thickness of Cement
0.013 m
Plaster
Dead load of structural slab 3.125 kN/m2
Dead load of Tile 0.510 kN/m2
Dead load of Mosaic 0.462 kN/m2
Dead load of Marble 0.534 kN/m2
Dead load of screed 0.840 kN/m2
Dead load of Cement
0.255 kN/m2
Plaster
Total dead load of Floor
1.350 kN/m2
Finishes (Tile)
Total dead load of Floor
1.302 kN/m2
Finishes (Mosaic)
Total dead load of Floor
1.374 kN/m2
Finishes (Marble)
Total dead load of Floor
1.095 kN/m2
Finishes (Cement Punning)
Dead load of light
1.200 kN/m2
partition walls

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Figure 4: Frame Load (Wall Load) on First Floor

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Figure 5: Frame Load (Wall Load) on Grid B-B

3.4.2 Live Load

The magnitude of live load depends upon the type of occupancy of the building.
These are to be chosen from code IS875:1987(part II) for various occupancies. The
live load distribution varies with time. Hence, each member is designed for worst
combination of dead load and live loads. Live loads for residential building are
given below.
Table 5: Live Load for Residential Building
S.N Area type Load Unit
Rooms (Bed room, Living
1 2 KN/m2
Room)
2 Terrace (Accessible) 1.5 KN/m2
3 Balcony 3 KN/m2
4 Staircase and Passage 3 KN/m2

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Figure 6: Area Load (LL) on Floor Slab

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Figure 7: Area Load (Floor Finishing and partition Load) on Floor Slab

3.4.3 Seismic Load

The seismic load is applied to the building with auto lateral load pattern in ETABS
2016 as per IS 1893-2002. This load case is assumed static linear and all the
necessary data are given as per the following conditions.
To determine the seismic load, it is considered that the country lies in the seismic
zone V according to IS 1893:2002. The soil type is considered as soft with 5%
damping to determine average response acceleration. The building is analyzed as
moment resisting frame without consideration of infill wall.
Therefore the fundamental time period Ta is obtained by using the following
formula:

Ta = 0.075ℎ0.75 [Cl.7.6.2, IS 1893 -2002]

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Other factors considered for seismic load calculations are as follows

Zone factor, Z = 0.36 for Zone V [Table 2, Cl6.4.2, IS 1893 -2002]

Importance factor, I = 1.0[Table 6, Cl6.4.2, IS 1893 -2002]

Response Reduction Factor = 5for special RC moment resisting frame

(SMRF) [Table 6, Cl6.4.2, IS 1893 -2002]

The seismic weight is determined based on the following mass source. (Table 6,
Cl.7.9.2, IS 1893 (Part 1):2002)

4 Analysis Output
The analysis results are discussed in this chapter. Both seismic coefficient and response
spectrum methods are used. The major discussion are focused on the eccentricity, story
shear, inter story drift, maximum displacement and base shear along two orthogonal
directions. The column and beam size and reinforcement are then checked.
4.1 Seismic Coefficient Method
The fundamental time period of the building as per IS code 1893: 2002, clause 7.6.2,
total seismic weight and base shear in both orthogonal directions are given in
. This result will be used to compare and scale the base shear from response spectrum
method.
Table 6: Fundamental Time period
Direction Time period (sec)

X 0.464

Y 0.464
Based on program/software calculated seismic coefficient, base shear and storey
shear are as shown in the Table 7. To calculate these parameters, the following
equation has been used as per code.
The coefficient is given by,\

𝑍 𝐼 𝑆𝑎 0.36 1.0 𝑆𝑎
𝐴ℎ = = 𝑥 𝑥
2𝑅 𝑔 2 5 𝑔
And, base shear is given by,
𝑉𝑏 = 𝐴ℎ 𝑊
These values in both the orthogonal direction are tabulated in the Table 7below.
Table 7: Seismic coefficient and base shear
Seismic Weight
2562.8209
(KN)
Direction X Y
Seismic Coefficient 0.09 0.09
Vb (KN) 230.6539 230.6539

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4.2 Story Drift

As per Cl. no. 7.11.1 of IS 1893-2002, the story drift in any story due to specified
design lateral force with partial load factor of 1.0, shall not exceed 0.004 times the
story height. In this building the story drift is limited to 11.37 mm.

Figure 8: Story Displacement (Eqx)

Figure 9: Story Displacement (Eqy)

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It is seen that drift does not exceed the code prescribed value of 0.004 times story
height (i.e. permissible story displacement is 11.37mm). Thus the drift check seems
to comply with the safety value mentioned in the code.
4.3 Modal time period and mass participation
IS 1893: 2002 clause 7.8.4.2 states that number of modes to be used in the analysis
should be such that the sum total of modal masses of all modes considered is at least
90 percent of the total seismic mass of the structure. Analysis was carried out for first
10 modes so that the mass participation satisfies this criterion in both orthogonal
directions.
4.4 Force Diagram
The output of forces obtained from ETABS analysis for Envelope have presented
below as a sample only. The output forces are axial force, Shear force and Moments.

4.4.1 Axial Force Diagram

Figure 10: Envelope - Axial Force diagram: Grid C-C

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4.4.2 Shear Force Diagram

Figure 11: Envelope-Shear Force diagram: Grid C-C

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4.4.3 Moment Diagram

Figure 12: Envelope -Moment diagram: Grid C-C

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4.5 Joint Reactions

The reactions at the support of column for load combination of 1.5 (DL + LL) are as
follows:

Figure 13: Joint Level and Reactions

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5 Design of Structural Members (Sample Design)

5.1 Design Input and Output
Section Input Diagram

Figure 14: Section Input in Frame along Grid C-C

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Figure 15: Section Input in First Floor

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5.2 Design Output Diagram

Figure 16: Design Output in First Floor

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Figure 17: Design Output in Grid A-A

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Figure 18: Design Output in Grid B-B

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Figure 19: Design Output in Grid C-C

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5.3 Design of Slab

DESIGN OF TWO WAY SLAB:

1.0 General Data:

Depth of slab : (D) 125 mm
Grade of Concrete : (fck) 20 N/mm2
Grade of Steel : (fy) 500 N/mm2
Effective cover: (d') 20 mm
Effective depth of slab : (d) 105 mm
Effective length:
Shorter span: (lx) 2.921 m
Longer span: (ly) 4.191 m

2.0 Loading:
Dead Load: (DL) 3.125 KN/m2
Other Dead Load: (ODL) 2 KN/m2
Live Load: (LL) 2 KN/m2
Total Load: (w) 7.125 KN/m2
Factored Load: (wu) 10.6875 KN/m2

3.0 Type of slab:

1.435

Type: Two way Slab

4.0 Calculation of Moments:

Moment coefficient:
Type of Slab Panel: 4
Short span coefficient: αx
Support S 0.0724
Mid Span M 0.05405
Long span coefficient: αy
Support S 0.047
Mid Span M 0.035
Moments:

Short span moments:

Support S 6.603 KN-m
Mid Span M 4.929 KN-m

Long span moments:

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Support S 4.286 KN-m

Mid Span M 3.192 KN-m

5.0 Check depth for maximum Moments:

Maximum moments: Mu 6.603 KN-m
effective depth: d 49 < 105 mm
OK

6.0 Calculation of reinforcement:

6.1 For shorter span
Mim'm reinforcement (Ast)min 126 mm2
Design moment: Mx 6.603 KN-m
Neutral axis depth : x 10 mm
Area of steel required: Ast 151 mm2
Area of steel provided: Ø 8 mm
S 150 mm
Ast 336 mm2 Ok
Pt 0.32 %
For longer span
Effective depth d 97 mm
Mim'm reinforcement (Ast)min 117 mm2
Design moment: Mx 4.286 KN-m
Neutral axis depth : x 7 mm
Area of steel required: Ast 126 mm2
Area of steel provided: Ø 8 mm
S 150 mm
Ast 336 mm2 Ok
Pt 0.347 %

7.0 Check for shear stress:

Maximum shear force: Vu 15.61 KN
Shear Stress: tv 0.149 N/mm2
β 7.257
Concrete Shear Strength: tc 0.399 N/mm2
Shear Strength factor: K 1.3
Shear Strength of Slab: tc' 0.5187 > 0.149 N/mm2
OK

8.0 Check for development length:

Ultimate moment Capacity: M1 14.12 KN-m
Maximum Shear Force: V 15.61 KN

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Bond Stress: tbd 1.92 N/mm2

Development length: Ld 454 mm
Anchorage length: L0 105 mm
Available length: 1281 > Ld
OK

9.0 Check for deflection:

length to eff. Depth ratio: l/d 27.82

α 23
β 1
ϒ 2.982 for fs = 130.327 N/mm2
δ 1 and Pt = 0.32 %
λ 1
Coefficient: 68.580
OK

Table 8: Summary of slab

Overall depth(D) 125mm (5”)

Effective depth(d) 105mm
Concrete grade M20(1:1.5:3)
Steel grade Fe500(TMT)
Reinforcement (top and bottom) 8mmø@150mmc/c

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5.4 Design of Beam

ETABS 2016 Concrete Frame Design

IS 456:2000 Beam Section Design

Beam Element Details Type: Ductile Frame (Summary)

Unique Length
Level Element Section ID Combo ID Station Loc LLRF
Name (mm)
Beam 300x450-
Story1 B1 33 DCon8 200 5486.4 1
M20

Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) bf (mm) ds (mm) dct (mm) dcb (mm)
300 450 300 0 60 60

Material Properties
Lt.Wt Factor
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
(Unitless)
22360.68 20 1 500 500

Design Code Parameters

ɣC ɣS
1.5 1.15

Factored Forces and Moments

Factored Factored Factored Factored
Mu3 Tu Vu2 Pu
kN-m kN-m kN kN
-168.823 9.9604 138.0505 -3.8934

Design Moments, Mu3 & Mt

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Factored Factored Positive Negative

Moment Mt Moment Moment
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
-168.823 14.6476 0 -201.6064

Design Moment and Flexural Reinforcement for Moment, Mu3 & Tu

Design Design -Moment +Moment Minimum Required
-Moment +Moment Rebar Rebar Rebar Rebar
kN-m kN-m mm² mm² mm² mm²
Top (+2
-201.6064 1469 5 1469 367
Axis)
Bottom (-2
0 734 5 149 734
Axis)

Shear Force and Reinforcement for Shear, Vu2 & Tu

Shear Ve Shear Vc Shear Vs Shear Vp Rebar Asv /s
kN kN kN kN mm²/m
174.7157 78.5138 149.324 84.5003 1061

Torsion Force and Torsion Reinforcement for Torsion, Tu & VU2

Tu Vu Core b1 Core d1 Rebar Asvt /s
kN-m kN mm mm mm²/m
130.085
9.9604 200 350 806.28
4

31
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Table 9: Beam Reinforcement detail

Beam Reinforcement Detail

Reinforcement
Size of
S.N. Type of beam beam Dir Grid At support At center
(mm) Top Bottom Top Bottom
X-dir ALL 3-12ɸ R 3-12ɸR 3-12ɸR 3-12ɸR
1 Tie beam 230 x 300
Y-dir ALL 3-12ɸR 3-12ɸR 3-12ɸR 3-12ɸR
X-dir ALL 3-12ɸ R 3-12ɸR 3-12ɸR 3-12ɸR
2 Secondary Beam 230 x 350
Y-dir ALL 3-12ɸR 3-12ɸR 3-12ɸR 3-12ɸR
Main Beam Ground X-dir ALL 2-20ɸR+2-25ɸE 2-20ɸR+1-16ɸR 2-20ɸ R 2-20ɸR+1-16ɸR
3 300x450
Floor Y-dir ALL 2-16ɸR+2-16ɸE 2-16ɸR+1-12ɸR 2-16ɸ R 2-16ɸR+1-12ɸR
X-dir ALL 2-20ɸR+2-25ɸE 2-20ɸR+1-16ɸR 2-20ɸ R 2-20ɸR+1-16ɸR
4 Main Beam First Floor 300x450
Y-dir ALL 2-16ɸR+2-16ɸE 2-16ɸR+1-12ɸR 2-16ɸ R 2-16ɸR+1-12ɸR
Main Beam Second X-dir ALL 2-20ɸR+2-20ɸE 2-16ɸR+1-20ɸR 2-20ɸ R 2-16ɸR+1-20ɸR
5 300x450
Floor Y-dir ALL 2-16ɸR+1-16ɸE 2-12ɸR+1-16ɸR 2-16ɸ R 2-12ɸR+1-16ɸR
Main Beam Third X-dir ALL 2-16ɸR+2-16ɸE 2-16ɸR+1-12ɸR 2-16ɸ R 2-16ɸR+1-12ɸR
6 300x450
Floor Y-dir ALL 2-16ɸR+1-12ɸE 2-12ɸR+1-16ɸR 2-16ɸ R 2-12ɸR+1-16ɸR

32
 `

5.5 Design of Column

ETABS 2016 Concrete Frame Design

IS 456:2000 Column Section Design

Column Element Details Type: Ductile Frame (Summary)

Unique Combo Length
Level Element Section ID Station Loc LLRF
Name ID (mm)
Column 400x400-
Story1 C15 6 DCon7 0 2844.8 0.66
M20

Section Properties
Cover (Torsion)
b (mm) h (mm) dc (mm)
(mm)
400 400 60 30

Material Properties
Lt.Wt Factor
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
(Unitless)
22360.68 20 1 500 500

Design Code Parameters

ɣC ɣS
1.5 1.15

Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Design For Pu , Mu2 , Mu3

Rebar
Design Pu Design Mu2 Design Mu3 Minimum M2 Minimum M3 Rebar %
Area
kN kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m %
mm²
729.2866 -17.2168 149.3199 14.5857 14.5857 2740 1.71

Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Factors

33
 `

Initial Additional Minimum

K Factor Length
Moment Moment Moment
Unitless mm
kN-m kN-m kN-m
Major
0.770204 2394.8 70.3315 0 14.5857
Bend(M3)
Minor
0.756507 2394.8 -12.303 0 14.5857
Bend(M2)

Shear Design for Vu2 , Vu3

Shear Vu Shear Vc Shear Vs Shear Vp Rebar Asv /s
kN kN kN kN mm²/m
Major, Vu2 96.1971 126.7772 54.4003 96.1971 443.37
Minor, Vu3 47.7181 126.7772 54.4003 47.7181 443.37

Joint Shear Check/Design

Joint Shear Shear Shear Shear Joint Shear
Force VTop Vu,Tot Vc Area Ratio
kN kN kN kN cm² Unitless
Major Shear,
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Vu2
Minor Shear,
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Vu3

(1.1) Beam/Column Capacity Ratio

Major Minor
Ratio Ratio
N/A N/A

Additional Moment Reduction Factor k (IS 39.7.1.1)

Ag Asc Puz Pb Pu k
cm² cm² kN kN kN Unitless
2467.416 624.404 729.286
1600 27.4 0.943092
9 5 6

Additional Moment (IS 39.7.1)

Section KL/Dept KL/Dept KL/Dept Ma
Consider Length
Depth h h h Moment (kN-
Ma Factor
(mm) Ratio Limit Exceeded m)
Major Bending
Yes 0.842 400 4.611 12 No 0
(M3 )
Minor Bending
Yes 0.842 400 4.529 12 No 0
(M2 )

34
`

Table 10: Summary of Design of Column

Grid
S.N. Column Size Second Floor
Location Ground floor First Floor Third Floor Stirrups
1 A2 400X400 4-20ɸ+4-16ɸ 4-20ɸ+4-16ɸ 8-16ɸ -
2 A3 400X400 4-20ɸ+4-16ɸ 4-20ɸ+4-16ɸ 8-16ɸ 8-16ɸ 8mm Ø stirrups
400X400 2-25ɸ+6-20ɸ 8-16ɸ @ 100 mm C/C
3 A4 8-20ɸ 4-20ɸ+4-16ɸ
(at top and
5 B1 400X400 4-20ɸ+4-16ɸ 4-20ɸ+4-16ɸ 8-16ɸ -
bottom) & @ 150
6 B2 400X400 4-20ɸ+4-16ɸ 4-20ɸ+4-16ɸ 8-16ɸ 8-16ɸ
mm C/C (at mid
9 C1 400X400 4-20ɸ+4-16ɸ 4-20ɸ+4-16ɸ 8-16ɸ 8-16ɸ
height) in all
10 C3 400X400 4-20ɸ+4-16ɸ 4-20ɸ+4-16ɸ 8-16ɸ 8-16ɸ columns
11 C4 400X400 2-25ɸ+6-20ɸ 8-20ɸ 4-20ɸ+4-16ɸ 8-16ɸ

35
 `

5.6 Design of Foundation

Isolated Foundation(F1)
A) Given Data Size of column
Bc = 400 mm
Dc = 400 mm
Column Load (V) = 571.3333 KN
Bearing Capacity (qa) = 120 KN/m2
Grade of Concrete (fck) = 20 Mpa
Grade of Steel (fy)= 500 Mpa

B) Calculation of size of footing

wt. of foundation = 57.13333 KN
Total Load (P)= 628.4667 KN
Area of footing = 5.237 m2
*Note:Taking the ratio of width and length of footing same as that of column dimensions

Size of footing
L= 2.288 m
B= 2.288 m
Provided (L) = 2.288 m
Provided (B) = 2.288 m

Upward reaction (q') = 109.138 KN/m

Max'm B.M. = 48.629 KN-m

C) Calculation for depth of footing

B.M. = 0.134 fckbd2
depth (d)= 135 mm
Provided depth (d) = 340 mm

D) Check for Shear

=
Per. Shear Strength (τc) 1.118 N/mm2
0.25√fck
a) Punching shear
depth (d)= 340 mm
Punching shear(τ'V) = 0.852 N/mm2
Ok
Provided depth (d) = 340 mm
Overall Depth (D)= 400 mm
Punching shear(τ'V) = 0.852 N/mm2

36
`

Ok
b) One way Shear (Calculation for no shear reinforcement)
depth (d) = 340 mm
Max'm S.F. = 65.920 KN
One way Shear (τv) = 0.194 N/mm2
Provided Ast = 0.2 %
β= 11.61
Concrete Shear strength
0.326 N/mm2
(τc)=
Ok
Ast = 680 mm2

E) Calculation for reinforcement

Ast = 338 mm2

Ast required = 680 mm2
mm
Provided, Size = 12
dia
Spacing = 150 mm c/c
Ast Provided= 754 mm2
Ok
Area of Steel Along width
B.M. = 48.629 KN-m
Ast = 680 mm2
mm
Provided, Size = 12
dia
Spacing = 150 mm c/c
Ast Provided= 754 mm2
Ok

F) Development Length

Bond stress(τbd)= 1.920 N/mm2

Development length (Ld)= 680 mm
Available Ld along length = 894 mm
Ok

G) Load Transfer from Column to Footing

Nominal bearing stress in 5.356 N/mm2

37
`

column =
Allowable bearing stress = 0.45*fck
9.000 N/mm2
Now Excess load = 0.000 kN
Area of steel required As = 0 mm2
Minimum Ast = 0.5% of column area
800 mm2
Thus, area of steel for
800 mm2
dowel bars =
Now
Bar
extended
Nos dia Ast
8 20 2513
0 12 0
Available Ast for load
2513 mm2
transfer =

Thus no additional dowel bars are required to transfer load

Additional Ast = No dowel bars are needed

38
`

Isolated Foundation(F2)
A) Given Data Size of column
Bc = 400 mm
Dc = 400 mm
Column Load (V) = 465.3333 KN
Bearing Capacity (qa) = 120 KN/m2
Grade of Concrete (fck) = 20 Mpa
Grade of Steel (fy)= 500 Mpa

B) Calculation of size of footing

wt. of foundation = 46.53333 KN
Total Load (P)= 511.8667 KN
Area of footing = 4.266 m2
*Note:Taking the ratio of width and length of footing same as that of column dimensions

Size of footing
L= 2.065 m
B= 2.065 m
Provided (L) = 2.065 m
Provided (B) = 2.065 m

Upward reaction (q') = 109.125 KN/m

Max'm B.M. = 37.815 KN-m

C) Calculation for depth of footing

B.M. = 0.134 fckbd2
depth (d)= 119 mm
Provided depth (d) = 340 mm

D) Check for Shear

=
Per. Shear Strength (τc) 1.118 N/mm2
0.25√fck
a) Punching shear
depth (d)= 340 mm
Punching shear(τ'V) = 0.694 N/mm2
Ok
Provided depth (d) = 340 mm
Overall Depth (D)= 400 mm
Punching shear(τ'V) = 0.694 N/mm2
Ok
b) One way Shear (Calculation for no shear reinforcement)
depth (d) = 340 mm

39
`

Max'm S.F. = 53.744 KN

One way Shear (τv) = 0.158 N/mm2
Provided Ast = 0.2 %
β= 11.61
Concrete Shear strength
0.326 N/mm2
(τc)=
Ok
Ast = 680 mm2

E) Calculation for reinforcement

Ast = 261 mm2

Ast required = 680 mm2
mm
Provided, Size = 12
dia
Spacing = 150 mm c/c
Ast Provided= 754 mm2
Ok
Area of Steel Along width
B.M. = 37.815 KN-m
Ast = 680 mm2
mm
Provided, Size = 12
dia
Spacing = 150 mm c/c
Ast Provided= 754 mm2
Ok

F) Development Length

Bond stress(τbd)= 1.920 N/mm2

Development length (Ld)= 680 mm
Available Ld along length = 782.5 mm
Ok

G) Load Transfer from Column to Footing

Nominal bearing stress in
4.363 N/mm2
column =
Allowable bearing stress = 0.45*fck
9.000 N/mm2

40
`

Now Excess load = 0.000 kN

Area of steel required As = 0 mm2
Minimum Ast = 0.5% of column area
800 mm2
Thus, area of steel for
800 mm2
dowel bars =
Now
Bar
extended
Nos dia Ast
8 20 2513
0 12 0
Available Ast for load
2513 mm2
transfer =

Thus no additional dowel bars are required to transfer load

Additional Ast = No dowel bars are needed

41
`

Combine Slab Footing Design(CF1)

A) Given Data Outer Inner
Size of column Column1 Column2
Bc = 0.4 m 0.4 m
Dc = 0.4 m 0.4 m
Factored Column Load= 185 KN 432 KN
Column Load (working load) = 123.333 KN 288 KN
Distance bet'n column = 1.4732 m
Bearing Capacity (qa) = 120 KN/m2
Grade of Concrete (fck) = 20 Mpa
Grade of Steel (fy)= 500 Mpa
Dist. of Outer col. form property line= 0 m From face of col.
Dist. of Outer col. form property line= 0.15 m From Cent. of col.
B) Calculation of size of footing
Wt. of foundation = 41.1333 KN 10% of total load
Total Load (P)= 452.467 KN
Area of footing = 3.77056 m2
C.G. of loads from center of Column1
= 1.032 m
*C.G. of footing should concide with C.G. of Column Loads.
Total Footing Length ,L = 2.464 m 8.084
Projection form Inner Column= 0.8408 m
Size of footing
Required width,b 1.53026 m 5.021
Provided width,b 1.53 m 5.02
2
Actual Area (A) = 3.76992 m
Upward reaction (w) = 163.664 KN/m
Upward soil pressure per unit length= 250.406 KN/m

C) Calculation of Bending moments and shear forces

Shear Force Diagram
250
200
150
100
Shear force (KN)

50
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
-50
-100
-150
-200
-250
Distance (m)
42
`

Bending Moment Diagram

60

40
Bending moment (KN-m)

20

0
-0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
-20

-40

-60

-80
Distance(m)

Point of Zero Shear Force from column C2 (Inner Column)

SF1= -221.46 KN
SF1= 221.459
SF2= 147.439 KN
Spacing of column 1.4732 m
x= 0.884 m From inner col.
x= 0.5892 m From outer col.

Maxm B.M. under Column 1 2.81707 KN-m

Maxm B.M. under Column 2 57.34 KN-m

Maximum Bending moment occurs at

the point of zero shear force -40.589 KN-m

D) Design of Slab
Effective depth for maximum bending moment
Max'm B.M. = -40.589 KN-m/m
Max'm B.M. = 40.589
B.M. = 0.134 fckbd2
Eff. depth required (d)= 100 mm

43
`

E) Check for Shear (For heavier column )

Assumed,
Depth of footing (D)= 400 mm
Use Effective Cover= 60 mm
Effective depth (d) = 340 mm
1) One way Shear (for no shear reinforcement)
From Heavier column
Max'm S.F. = 86.2395 KN * Note: At the
distance "d" from
One way Shear (τv) = 0.16578 N/mm 2
face of Heavier
Provided Ast = 0.2 % Column
β= 11.611
Concrete Shear strength (τc)= 0.32624 N/mm2
ok
Ast = 680 mm2 (Min'm Ast to resist
one way shear)
2) Two Way Shear
For Column C2 (Inner Column)
=
Punching Shear Strength (τc) 0.25√fck 1.118 N/mm2
Punching shear
Effective depth (d)= 340 mm
Area resisting punching shear= 1.0064 m2
Shear Force at d/2= 342.378 KN
Punching shear(τ'V) = 0.3402 N/mm2
Ok

For Column C1(Outer Column)

=
Punching Shear Strength (τc) 0.25√fck 1.118 N/mm2
Punching shear
depth (d)= 340 mm
Perimeter of punching shear area= 2.62 m
Shear Force at d/2= 115.967 KN
Punching shear(τ'V) = 0.13018 N/mm2
Ok
F) Longitudinal Reinforcement
Minimum reinforcement required= 734.4 mm2 0.12% of bd
I) Negative moment Reinforcement
Negative moment= 40.589 kN-m
B.M. = 0.134 fckbd2

44
`

Top Reinf. required for flexure= 281 mm2

Required reinforcement= 734.4 mm2
mm
Provided, Size = 12 dia
mm
Spacing Required= 235.62 c/c
mm
Provide Spacing= 250 c/c
Ast Provided= 905 mm2
OK

II) Positive moment Reinforcement

POsitive moment= 57.34 kN-m
B.M. = 0.134 fckbd2

Bottom Reinf. Required for flexure= 400 mm2

Required reinforcement= 734.4 mm2
mm
Provided, Size = 12 dia
mm
Spacing Required= 235.62 c/c
mm
Provide Spacing= 250 c/c
Ast Provided= 905 mm2
OK
G) Transverse Reinforcement
The transverse reinforcement is provided under each column within a band having a
width equal to the width of the column plus two times the effective depth of the
foundation.
i) For Outer Column C1
Bandwidth for column C1= 0.74 m
Upward pressure under column C1= 120.915 KN/m
BM at the face of column = 19.2996 KN-m
Area of Reinforcement required= 377 mm2
Minimum area of reinforcement= 355.2 mm2
Required reinforcement= 377 mm2
Provided, Size = 12 mm
Spacing Required= 221.995 mm
Provide Spacing= 250 mm
Ast Provided= 905 mm2

45
`

OK

ii) For Inner Column C2

Bandwidth for column C2= 1.08 m
Upward pressure under column C2= 282.353 KN/m
BM at the face of column = 45.0671 KN-m
Area of Reinforcement required= 612 mm2
Minimum area of reinforcement= 518.4 mm2
Required reinforcement= 612 mm2
Provided, Size = 12 mm
Spacing Required= 199.584 mm
Provide Spacing= 250 mm
Ast Provided= 905 mm2
OK

46
`

Combined Footing With Strap BeaM(CFSB1)

A) Given Data Size of column
Outer Inner
Bc = 400 400 mm
Dc = 400 400 mm
Factored Load (Pu) 698 695
Service Column Load (V) = 465.33333 463.333 KN
Column Spacing (S) = 5.4864 m
Bearing Capacity (qa) = 120 KN/m2
Grade of Concrete (fck) = 20 Mpa
Grade of Steel (fy)= 500 Mpa
Distance form property line From Outer
(x1)= 0 m Column
B) Proportion Footing Dimension
wt. of foundation = 92.866667 KN (10% of Total Column Load)
Total Load (P)= 1021.5333 KN
Area of footing = 8.513 m2
*Note:Centre of area of footing should be Coincide with the load c.g.
C.G. of loads from center of
Inner column (X) = 2.7491078 m
Assumed,
Width of footing (B)= 2.25 m

Length of outer footing

(L1)= 2.290 m
Length of inner footing
(L2)= 1.493 m

Upward reaction (q') = 163.656 KN/m2

Width of strap beam= 400 mm
Cantilever Projection of Slab= 0.925 m

C) Check for Shear

Assumed,
Depth of footing (D)= 400 mm
Use Effective Cover= 60 mm
Effective depth (d) = 340 mm
1) One way Shear (Calculation for no shear reinforcement)
Outer footing / Inner footing
Max'm S.F. = 95.739 KN * Note: At the
distance "d" from face
One way Shear (τv) = 0.282 N/mm2 of Strap Beam

47
`

Provided Ast = 0.2 %

β= 11.61
Concrete Shear strength
(τc)= 0.326 N/mm2
ok
Ast = 680 mm2 (Min'm Ast to resist
one way shear)
2) Punching shear need not be considered due to presence of the strap beam

D) Check for Bending Moment

Moment capacity of
section= 0.134fckbd2
= 309.81 KN-m
Outer footing / Inner footing
Max'm B.M. = 70.014 KN-m * Note: At the face of
ok Column

E) Calculation for reinforcement

Outer footing / Inner footing

Ast = 492 mm2 By solving
2
Ast min = 408 mm
Ast required = 680 mm2
Provided, Size = 12 mm
Spacing = 150 mm
Ast Provided= 754 mm2
ok
For Shrinkage/Temperature in longitudional direction,
Ast min = 408 mm2
Provided, Size = 10 mm
Spacing = 150 mm
Ast Provided= 524 mm2
ok

E) Design of Strap Beam

Assumed,
Width of Beam (B)= 400 mm

48
`

Depth of Beam (D)= 700 mm

Effective depth (d) = 640 mm

Shear Force Diagram

600
5.6864, 420.12
400 4.9399, 145.24
2.29, 145.24
200
Shear Force (KN)

0.2, 73.65
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7
-200
5.6864, -274.88
-400

-600 0.2, -624.35

-800
Disatance (m)

Bending Moment Diagram

600
1.896,
500 521.9556418
Bending Moment (KN-m)

400

300

200

100 5.3, 32.27371852

0 0.2, -7.36452
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 65.6864,
6.5 - 7
-100
102.5709888
-200
Disatance (m)

Point of Zero Shear Force

1) (x)
SF1= -624.35 KN
SF1= 624.35
SF2= 145.24 KN
x1= 2.09 m
x= 1.696 m From outer column

1) Bending Moment
Moment capacity of
section= 0.134fckbd2

49
`

= 439.091 KN-m

Max'm Sagging Moment = 102.57 KN-m

Design
Singly
Reinforced
Section
i) Singly reinforced Design
Design moment = 102.57 KN-m
Ast = 383 mm2
ii) Doubly reinforced Design
Ultimate moment = 0.000 KN-m
Ast,1 = 0 mm2
Exceed Moment = 0.000 KN-m
d' = 35 mm
es = 0.00310
fsc = 425 N/mm2 *Note: Stress in steel
corresponding to
Asc = 0.000 mm2 strain es
Ast,2 = 0.000 mm2
Total Ast = 0.000 mm2

Max'm Hogging Moment = 521.95 KN-m

Design
Doubly
Reinforced
Section
i) Singly reinforced Design
Design moment = 0 KN-m
Design moment= 0 KN-m
Ast = 0 mm2
ii) Doubly reinforced Design
Ultimate moment = 439.091 KN-m
Ast,1 = 1949 mm2
Exceed Moment = 82.859 KN-m
d' = 35 mm
es = 0.00310
fsc = 425 N/mm2 *Note: Stress in steel
corresponding to
Asc = 322.251 mm2 strain es
Ast,2 = 314.843 mm2
Total Ast = 2263.843 mm2

Rebar Required

50
`

Bottom Bar= 383

Provided, Size = 20 mm
Number = 4
Ast Provided= 1257 mm2 Pt = 0.491 %

ok
Top bar= 2264
Provided, Size = 25 mm
Number = 5
Ast Provided= 2455 mm2 Pt = 0.959 %
ok

2) Shear Force
Critical Shear Force = 420.12 KN
shear(τv) = 1.641 N/mm2
Provided Ast = 0.491 %
β= 4.73
Shear strength of
concrete(τc) = 0.475 N/mm2
Result = Shear reinforcement is required
Vsu = 298.511 KN
Use, Size = 8 mm dia

Leg No = 2
Spacing (Sv) = 90 mm c/c
Provide 2L-8mm@90mmc/c as vertical stirrups
F) Check For Bearing strength of Column and footing conctete

Nominal bearing stress in Column

= 4.34375 N/mm2
Allowable bearing stress = 0.45fck
= 9 N/mm2
ok
Area of Dowel bar required
= 0 mm2

51
`

Combined Footing With Strap BeaM(CFSB2)

A) Given Data Size of column
Outer Inner
Bc = 400 400 mm
Dc = 400 400 mm
Factored Load (Pu) 810 857
Service Column Load (V) = 540 571.333 KN
Column Spacing (S) = 5.4864 m
Bearing Capacity (qa) = 120 KN/m2
Grade of Concrete (fck) = 20 Mpa
Grade of Steel (fy)= 500 Mpa
Distance form property line From Outer
(x1)= 0 m m Column
B) Proportion Footing Dimension
wt. of foundation = 111.13333 KN (10% of Total Column Load)
Total Load (P)= 1222.4667 KN
Area of footing = 10.187 m2
*Note:Centre of area of footing should be Coincide with the load c.g.
C.G. of loads from center of
Inner column (X) =
2.6658572 m
Assumed,
Width of footing (B)= 2.45 m

Length of outer footing

(L1)= 2.498 m
Length of inner footing
(L2)= 1.660 m

Upward reaction (q') = 163.638 KN/m2

Width of strap beam= 400 mm
Cantilever Projection of Slab= 1.025 m

C) Check for Shear

Assumed,
Depth of footing (D)= 400 mm
Use Effective Cover= 60 mm
Effective depth (d) = 340 mm
1) One way Shear (Calculation for no shear reinforcement)
Outer footing / Inner footing
* Note:
Max'm S.F. = 112.092 KN At the

52
`

distanc
e "d"
from
face of
Strap
Beam
One way Shear (τv) = 0.330 N/mm2
Provided Ast = 0.2 %
β= 11.61
Concrete Shear strength
(τc)= 0.326 N/mm2
Revise %
0f steel or
depth of
footing
(Min'm
Ast to
resist
one
way
Ast = 680 mm2 shear)

2) Punching shear need not be considered due to presence of the strap beam

D) Check for Bending Moment

Moment capacity of
section= 0.134fckbd2
= 309.81 KN-m
Outer footing / Inner footing
* Note:
At the
face of
Max'm B.M. = 85.961 KN-m Column
ok

E) Calculation for reinforcement

Outer footing / Inner footing

Ast = 609 mm2 By solving
2
Ast min = 408 mm
Ast required = 680 mm2
Provided, Size = 12 mm

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Spacing = 150 mm
Ast Provided= 754 mm2
ok
For Shrinkage/Temperature in longitudional direction,
Ast min = 408 mm2
Provided, Size = 12 mm
Spacing = 150 mm
Ast Provided= 754 mm2
ok

E) Design of Strap Beam

Assumed,
Width of Beam (B)= 400 mm
Depth of Beam (D)= 800 mm
Effective depth (d) = 740 mm

Shear Force Diagram

600 5.6864, 524.24

400 4.8564, 191.48

2.50, 191.48
200
Shear Force (KN)

0.2, 80.18
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7
-200
5.6864, -332.76
-400

-600
0.2, -729.82
-800
Disatance (m)

Bending Moment Diagram

700
2.02, 656.2570934
600
Bending Moment (KN-m)

500
400
300
200
5.2, 69.48277733
100
0 0.2, -8.018262
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7
-100 5.6864, -
138.0819686 54
-200
Disatance (m)
`

Point of Zero Shear Force

1) (x)
SF1= -729.82 KN
SF1= 729.82
SF2= 191.48 KN
x1= 2.298 m
x= 1.82 m From outer column

1) Bending Moment
Moment capacity of
section= 0.134fckbd2
= 587.027 KN-m

Max'm Sagging Moment = 138.08 KN-m

Design
Singly
Reinforce
d Section
i) Singly reinforced Design
Design moment = 138.08 KN-m
Ast = 446 mm2
ii) Doubly reinforced Design
Ultimate moment = 0.000 KN-m
Ast,1 = 0 mm2
Exceed Moment = 0.000 KN-m
d' = 35 mm
es = 0.00316
*Note:
Stress
in steel
corresp
onding
to
strain
fsc = 425 N/mm2 es
Asc = 0.000 mm2
Ast,2 = 0.000 mm2
Total Ast = 0.000 mm2

Max'm Hogging Moment = 656.25 KN-m

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Design
Doubly
Reinforce
d Section
i) Singly reinforced Design
Design moment = 0 KN-m
Design moment= 0 KN-m
Ast = 0 mm2
ii) Doubly reinforced Design
Ultimate moment = 587.027 KN-m
Ast,1 = 2254 mm2
Exceed Moment = 69.223 KN-m
d' = 35 mm
es = 0.00316
*Note:
Stress
in steel
corresp
onding
to
strain
fsc = 425 N/mm2 es
Asc = 231.031 mm2
Ast,2 = 225.720 mm2
Total Ast = 2479.720 mm2

Rebar Required
Bottom Bar= 446
Provided, Size = 20 mm
Number = 5
Ast Provided= 1571 mm2 Pt = 0.531 %
ok
Top bar= 2480
Provided, Size = 25 mm
Number = 6
Ast Provided= 2946 mm2 Pt = 0.995 %
ok

2) Shear Force
Critical Shear Force = 524.24 KN
shear(τv) = 1.771 N/mm2

Provided Ast = 0.531 %

β= 4.38

56
`

Shear strength of
concrete(τc) = 0.490 N/mm2
Result = Shear reinforcement is required `
Vsu = 379.216 KN
Use, Size = 8 mm dia
Leg No = 2
Spacing (Sv) = 80 mm c/c
Provide 2L-8mm@80mmc/c as vertical stirrups
F) Check For Bearing strength of Column and footing conctete

Nominal bearing stress in Column

= 5.35625 N/mm2
Allowable bearing stress = 0.45fck
= 9 N/mm2
ok
Area of Dowel bar required
= 0 mm2

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Table 11: Summary of Design of Footing

Soil Bearing Capacity =120

Concrete Grade: M20 Steel Grade: Fe500
KN/m2

Foundation Plan Thickness (mm) Reinforcement Detail

SN Footing Type: Grid Location
LXB (M) Edge (d1) Overall (D) Both ways
As per Footing
1 Isolated Footing (F1) 2.288X.2288 200mm 400mm 12 mm Ø @150mm c/c
Layout
As per Footing
2 Isolated Footing (F2) 2.065X2.065 200mm 400mm 12 mm Ø @150mm c/c
Layout
As per Footing
3 Isolated Footing (F3) 1.524X1.524 200mm 400mm 12 mm Ø @150mm c/c
Layout
As per Footing
4 Combined Slab Footing(CF1) 2.464X1.53 400mm 400mm 12 mm Ø @250mm c/c
Layout
Strap Beam (SB1) of 400mmx700mm with 5-25 mm Ø (TOP) 4-20 mm Ø (BOTTOM) with 2L-8mm@90mmc/c stirrups
Strap Beam (SB2) of 400mmx800mm with 6-25 mm Ø (TOP) 5-20 mm Ø (BOTTOM) with 2L-8mm@80mmc/c stirrups
Strap Beam (SB3) of 300mmx400mm with 5-16 mm Ø (TOP) 3-16 mm Ø (BOTTOM) with 2L-8mm@70mmc/c stirrups
Strap Beam (SB4) of 300mmx400mm with 6-16 mm Ø (TOP) 3-16 mm Ø (BOTTOM) with 2L-8mm@170mmc/c stirrups
Main bar 12 and 10 mm ɸ@ 6” c/c
Staircase slab thickness=125mm
distribution

58
`

Figure 20:Foundation Layout

59
`

6 References

 IS 456- 2000 Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete

 IS 875-1987 Code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for
buildings and structures
 IS 1893-2002 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures,
 IS 13920-1993 Code of practice for ductile detailing of reinforced concrete
structures subjected to seismic forces
 NBC Nepal Building Code
 ETABS manual V 16

60
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STRUCTURAL DESIGN (Type B)

As Per Submitted
Building Elements Remarks
Design
General

Building Structure Type Frame Structure

Number of story applied for permit (in
4
No’s)
Number of story considered in structure
4
design (in No’s)
If Computer Aided Design (CAD) is used,
please State the name of the software ETABS 2016
package
Number of story considered in structure
No.
design provision for further extension
Total height (h) 0f structure with extension
11.3792m
(in m)
NBC 101-1994 MATERIALS SPECIFICATIONS

Materials to be used in structure (tick the

listed materials that will be used in
structure element
RCC
(Reinforcement Bar)

NBC 102-1994 UNIT WEIGHT of MATERIALS

Specified the design unit weight of
7850
materials: Steel (In kg/m^3)
Specified the design unit weight of
2500
materials:RCC (In kg/m^3)
Specified the design unit weight of
1920
materials: Brick Masonry (In kg/m^3)
NBC 103-1994 OCCUPANCY LOAD (Imposed Load)

For residential Buildings

Occupancy Load (Uniformly Distributed
2
load in KN/m^2) for Rooms and Kitchen
Occupancy Load (Uniformly Distributed
3
load in kN/m^2) for Staircase
Occupancy Load (Uniformly Distributed
3
load in kN/m^2) for Balcony

61
 `

NBC 104-1994 Wind load

Wind Zone

Basic wind speed (in m/s)

NBC 105-1994 Seismic Design of Buildings in Ne pal

Seismic
Coefficient
Approach
Method adopted for earthquake resistant design seismic
Adopted Code for Seismic Design IS 1893 1893

Type II
Subsoil category (Medium)

Seismic Weight (W) (in kN) 2562.8209

Fundamental Time Period of the building

0.464
along X (Tx)(in Seconds)

Fundamental Time Period of the building

0.464
along Y(Ty)(in Seconds)

Response reduction factor (R) 5

Seismic zoning factor (Z) 0.36

Importance Factor (I) 1

Spectral acceleration coefficient (Sa/g) along X 2.5

Spectral acceleration coefficient (Sa/g) along Y 2.5

Design Horizontal Seismic Coefficient Along

0.09
X (Ah)

Design Horizontal Seismic Coefficient Along

0.09
Y (Ah)

Base Shear(VB) for Seismic Coefficient Along X 230.6539

Base Shear(VB) for Seismic Coefficient Along Y 230.6539

Base Shear Generated through dynamic
Due to seismic
Analysis Along X (if response spectrum
coefficient
method used)

62
 `

Base Shear Generated through dynamic

Analysis Along Y (if response spectrum
method used)

Adopted Base Shear multiplication Factor

Along X(if response spectrum method used)

Adopted Base Shear multiplication Factor Along

Y(if response spectrum method used)

Base Shear after Scale Factor Along X

Base Shear after Scale Factor Along Y

Maximum Inter-story Drift 6mm

Corresponding Story height for Maximum Inter

2.84m
Story Drift (h)
no
NBC 106-1994 Snow Load

Snowfall type or condition

No snowfall
Elevation of construction site (in m)

Design Depth of snow (in cm)

Design Density of snow (in g/cm3)

NBC 107-1994 Provisional Recommendation on
Fire safety
Yes
Have you considered fire safety requirement? no
no No
NBC 108-1994 Site Consideration for Seismic
Hazards
Whether Distance of construction site from Yes
no
toe/beginning of downward slope is within 50m? No

Whether Distance of construction site from river Yes

no
bank is within 50m? No
Yes
Availability of soil test report no
No
NBC 114-1994 Construction Safety

Are you sure that all safety measures will be Yes

yes
fulfilled in the construction site as per this code? No

63
 `

Safety hard hat

Safety goggles
Safety wares used Safety boots yes
Safety belts
First aid facility

Structural Data for Framed RCC Structure

NBC 110-1994 Plain and Reinforced Concrete

M20
M25
Concrete grade in structure M20 for All

Fe-500
Reinforcement Steel Grade Fe500 for all

Slab design
1 long side
discontinuous

2 adjacent
side
continuous

2 adjacent side
continuous
Boundary condition of slab

Effective Thickness of slab (d) (in mm) 105 Is code

2921
Short span of Critical slab panel (L) (in mm)

mm
Calculated short span to effective depth ratio
27.82
(L/d) for the corresponding slab

Basic (L/d) ratio 23

64
 `

Required modification factor for

1.82
tension reinforcement
Required Tension reinforcement (Ast)
Percentage (%) for short span bottom 0.12
reinforcement
Provided Tension reinforcement (Ast)
Percentage (%) for short span bottom 0.749
reinforcement
Actual Modification factor for
1.920
tension reinforcement

Check for Critical beam

Effective depth of beam (d) (in mm) 430

Critical span (L) (in mm) 4191

One side
Support condition continuous
Both side
continuous
Basic (L/d) ratio 23

Calculated critical span to effective depth

9.75
ratio (L/d) for corresponding beam

Check for Critical Column

Critical column height 2.84m

400 X 400
Minimum size of column (mm x mm)
Short column effect considered or not Yes
yes
No
Minimum longitudinal reinforcement
area
of 0.8
Provided
(%)
Design Limit state
Limit state method
Philosophy method
Load
Combinations
1: DL 1.5

1: LL 1.5

65
 `

2: DL 1.2

2: EQ 1.2

3: DL 1.2

3: LL 1.5

3: EQ 1.5

4: DL 0.9

4: EQ 1.5
Whether sample design calculations of
Yes
foundations, columns, beams and slabs are yes
No
submitted

Combined Footing
With Strap
Beam,Raft
Foundation,Strip
Footing
Type of Foundations
Minimum Depth of foundation from ground 1.5
1.5m
level to the bottom of footing (in m) m

66