Statistics

years work
yrs education gender experience union member hourly wage ($)
N Valid 145 145 145 145 145
Missing 0 0 0 0 0
Mean 11.46 .20 18.10 .28 8.4610
Std. Error of Mean .177 .033 1.050 .038 .36150
Median 12.00 .00 15.00 .00 7.0000
Mode 12 0 8 0 6.50
Std. Deviation 2.134 .401 12.648 .452 4.35309
Variance 4.556 .161 159.963 .204 18.949
Skewness -.846 1.516 .788 .975 1.297
Std. Error of Skewness .201 .201 .201 .201 .201
Sum 1662 29 2624 41 1226.85

1. Gender and union number is not numeric numbers. It is not appropriate to use mean and
standard deviation.

Report
hourly wage ($)
gender Mean N Std. Deviation
male 9.1253 116 4.40689
female 5.8041 29 2.92433
Total 8.4610 145 4.35309

2. From the compare mean, the male hourly wage is more than female. Difference of mean
between male and female is $3.3212.
 Group Statistics
gender N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
hourly wage ($) male 116 9.1253 4.40689 .40917
female 29 5.8041 2.92433 .54303

Independent Samples Test

Levene's Test for
Equality of
Variances t-test for Equality of Means
Std. 95% Confidence
Mean Error Interval of the
Sig. (2- Differenc Differenc Difference
F Sig. t df tailed) e e Lower Upper
hourly Equal variances 9.105 .003 3.847 143 .000 3.32112 .86335 1.61455 5.02769
wage ($) assumed
Equal variances 4.884 63.81 .000 3.32112 .67993 1.96273 4.67952
not assumed 1

3. The t-test result is significant (t=3.847, df=143, p<.05). There is a difference between the
gender and hourly wage.
 Correlations
yrs years work union hourly wage
education gender experience member ($)
yrs education Pearson 1 -.044 -.562 **
.094 .227**
Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed) .601 .000 .261 .006
N 145 145 145 145 145
gender Pearson -.044 1 .076 -.161 -.306**
Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed) .601 .367 .053 .000
N 145 145 145 145 145
years work Pearson -.562** .076 1 .157 .152
experience Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .367 .060 .067
N 145 145 145 145 145
union member Pearson .094 -.161 .157 1 .322**
Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed) .261 .053 .060 .000
N 145 145 145 145 145
hourly wage ($) Pearson .227 **
-.306 **
.152 .322 **
1
Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed) .006 .000 .067 .000
N 145 145 145 145 145
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
4. Since the years of education, gender and union member shows the p<.05, that means years
of education, gender and union member have significant relationship with wage

Descriptive Statistics
Mean Std. Deviation N
hourly wage ($) 8.4610 4.35309 145
gender .20 .401 145

Correlations
hourly wage ($) gender
Pearson Correlation hourly wage ($) 1.000 -.306
gender -.306 1.000
Sig. (1-tailed) hourly wage ($) . .000
gender .000 .
N hourly wage ($) 145 145
gender 145 145

Variables Entered/Removeda
Variables Variables
Model Entered Removed Method
1 gender b
. Enter
a. Dependent Variable: hourly wage ($)
b. All requested variables entered.

Model Summary
Adjusted R Std. Error of the
Model R R Square Square Estimate
1 .306 a
.094 .087 4.15842
a. Predictors: (Constant), gender

ANOVAa
Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 255.892 1 255.892 14.798 .000b
Residual 2472.825 143 17.292
Total 2728.718 144
a. Dependent Variable: hourly wage ($)
b. Predictors: (Constant), gender
 Coefficientsa

Unstandardized Standardized 95.0% Confidence Interval

Coefficients Coefficients for B

Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound

1 (Constant) 9.125 .386 23.634 .000 8.362 9.888

gender -3.321 .863 -.306 -3.847 .000 -5.028 -1.615

a. Dependent Variable: hourly wage ($)

5. Simple linear regression was used to test if gender is significantly predicted the monthly
wages. The fitted regression model was: Model A: Y=9.125−3.321 X . Model C:
Y=9.125. The overall regression was statistically significant (R2 =0.094], F(1, 143)
=14.798 , p <.001). It was found that gender is significantly predicted hourly wages (β
=-.306, p <.001).

6. From the significant value, since the p-value is <.05, then we can assume that the gender
is significantly predicted the hourly wages.

ANOVAa
Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 63.366 1 63.366 3.400 .067b
Residual 2665.351 143 18.639
Total 2728.718 144
a. Dependent Variable: hourly wage ($)
b. Predictors: (Constant), years work experience

Coefficientsa
 Standardize
Unstandardized d 95.0% Confidence Interval
Coefficients Coefficients for B
Lower Upper
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig. Bound Bound
1 (Constant) 7.512 .627 11.975 .000 6.272 8.752

years work .052 .028 .152 1.844 .067 -.004 .109

experience
a. Dependent Variable: hourly wage ($)

7. √ 18.639=4.317
8. 0.052 higher

9. .17

10.