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Report-Sunil Kumar
Report-Sunil Kumar
Design Report
Of
Residential Building
DEC , 2022
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................3
1.1 ABOUT THIS REPORT............................................................................................................3
1.2 ABOUT THE STRUCTURE..........................................................................................................3
1.3 ANALYSIS PROCEDURE............................................................................................................3
2. BUILDING PARAMETERS AND DESIGN CRITERIA...................................................................3
2.1 PLAN AND ELEVATION OF THE BUILDING....................................................................................4
2.2 GENERAL PARAMETERS...........................................................................................................5
2.3 STRUCTURAL PARAMETERS......................................................................................................5
2.4 SOIL PARAMETERS.................................................................................................................5
2.5 MATERIAL PROPERTIES...........................................................................................................5
2.6 DESIGN BASIS.......................................................................................................................6
2.7 DESIGN CRITERIA...................................................................................................................6
3. LOADING..............................................................................................................................8
3.1 DEAD LOADS (DL).................................................................................................................8
3.2 LIVE LOADS (LL)....................................................................................................................8
3.3 EARTHQUAKE LOADS (EL).......................................................................................................8
3.4 LOAD COMBINATIONS............................................................................................................9
4. MODELLING OF THE STRUCTURE........................................................................................11
4.1 THREE DIMENSIONAL VIEWS..................................................................................................11
4.2 COLUMNS AND BEAMS SECTIONS...........................................................................................15
5. ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE............................................................................................16
5.1 SUPPORT REACTIONS................................................................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
5.2 BASE REACTIONS.....................................................................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
5.3 STORY DISPLACEMENT PLOTS.....................................................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
5.4 BENDING MOMENT, SHEAR FORCE AND AXIAL FORCE DIAGRAM......ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
6. DESIGN OF THE STRUCTURE...............................................................................................20
6.1 DESIGN OF COLUMNS.......................................................................................................20
6.2 DESIGN OF BEAMS...........................................................................................................29
6.3 DESIGN OF SLABS....................................................................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
6.4 DESIGN OF FOOTING................................................................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
7. DESIGN OF STAIRCASE SLAB.............................................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
8. CONCLUSIONS....................................................................................................................35
9. LIST OF TABLES................................................................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
10. LIST OF FIGURES..............................................................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
INTRODUCTION
1.1 ABOUT THIS REPORT
This report comprises planning, architectural design and structural design of a RCC residential
buildings. This report includes different parameters for the analysis and design of the building. The
design results are shown in a convenient tabular format.
The principal aim of the structural design is to build a structure, which is safe so as to possess
adequate strength, stiffness and stability during the action of all possible loads in its life span.
Accordingly, the structural design data are presented in the report.
1.2 ABOUT THE STRUCTURE
The structure which is analysed and designed is made of reinforced concrete frame with Brick
masonry in cement mortar as partition walls. It is a two and half storied RC-framed structure with
staircase.
1.3 ANALYSIS PROCEDURE
The building has been modelled as 3D frame using “ETABSV16.2.0”. The software has very good
analysis and design capability which are verified in the verification problems included in the
package. It is a Finite Element Method (FEM) based software and requires modelling of the
structure by finite-elements. Beams and columns are modelled with line (or frame) elements,
while the slabs and roofs are modelled with area-elements. The building is assumed to be
supported from the plinth level for the design of super-structure. The base reactions of columns in
critical load combinations are used for design of foundations including the additional load of the
footing. Footings, Slabs and staircases are designed manually using relevant Indian standard codes
and presented in the report.
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2.1 PLAN AND ELEVATION OF THE BUILDING:
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GENERAL PARAMETERS
A. Concrete
M20 = 20MPa Characteristic value of cube compressive strength: Cube 150 x 150 x
150 mm (5%-quartile = no more than 5% of cubes tested at 28 days
are expected to fail)
fck,cube = 20MPa
fcm = 26.6MPa Mean compressive strength: fcm = fck + 1.65x4.0 [N/mm2]
wτck=1.12Mpa Characteristic value of concrete shear strength: = 0.25 √f ck
Ecm = 22360.68MPa Mean characteristic modulus of elasticity: 5000√f ck
Density = 20 KN/m3
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B. Reinforcement
Steel grade = Fe500
Type: Deformed bar
fyk = 500Mpa Characteristic proof strength at 0.2% yield
εuk>= 14.5% Ultimate Elongation
E = 200,000 MPa Elastic Modulus (Young’s Modulus of Elasticity)
Density = 7849 Kg/m3
The concrete structures are designed using Limit State Method which is incorporated in
IS456:2000.
It is based on safety and serviceability requirements associated with the design loads and design
strengths of the materials. These design loads and design strengths are obtained by applying
partial safety factors for characteristic loads and strengths of the materials as concrete and steels.
The limit state method of design covers different criteria for design. The two major criteria are
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a. Limit State of Collapse:
The limit state of collapse of the structure or part of the structure could be assessed from
rupture of one or more critical sections and from buckling due to elastic or plastic
instability (including effects of sway where appropriate) or overturning. The resistance to
bending, shear, torsion and axial loads at every section shall not be less than the
appropriate value at that section produced by the probable most unfavourable
combination of loads on the structure using the appropriate partial safety factors.
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LOADING
All loadings are derived bases on different parts of IS875. Earthquake load is calculated based
on IS1893:2002
3.1 DEAD LOADS (DL)
These are the permanent load which is not supposed to change during the structure’s
design life. The dead loads included in the design are:
a. Unit-weight of materials:
i. RCC (beams and columns): 25 KN/m3
ii. RCC (slab): 25 KN/m3
iii. Screed: 21KN/m3
iv. Steel: 76.97 KN/m3(7849 Kg/m3)
v. BrickMasonry:19 KN/m3
vi. Floor Finish: 1.2 KN/m2
3.2 LIVE LOADS (LL)
These are the loads that may vary its intensity and/or position during design life. Live loads
for different rooms and roofs are calculated as per the functional requirement as specified
in IS875 code.
a. Live loads on floors
i. Otherrooms:2 KN/m2
ii. Corridors and Stairs:3 KN/m2
b. Live loads on roof
i. Inaccessible roof: 0.75 KN/m2
ii. Accessible roof: 1.5 KN/m2
3.3 EARTHQUAKE LOADS (EL)
Earthquake load has been calculated based on IS 456:2000. Basically, horizontal seismic
forces shall be considered for the structures that depend on different parameters. Different
parameters for generating earthquake loads are:
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USING IS 1893:2002
Since, base shear obtained from IS and NBC code are equal, Here IS code is used for earthquake
analysis using ETABSv16.2.0.
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h. 1.5 (DL-Eqx) : Dcon8
i. 1.5 (DL+Eqy) : Donc9
j. 1.5 (DL-Eqy) : Dcon10
k. 0.9DL+1.5Eqx : Dcon11
l. 0.9DL-1.5Eqx : Dcon12
m. 0.9DL+Eqy : Dcon13
n. 0.9DL-Eqy : Dcon14
Where:
DL = Dead Loads
LL = Live Loads
Eqx = Earthquake load in +ve x-direction
Eqy = Earthquake load in +ve y-direction
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MODELLING OF THE STRUCTURE :
The structure is modelled in ETABS version16.2.0, different data for modelling are shown in the
following sections.
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FIGURE 0:1 3-D MODEL OF STRUCTURE
live load:
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Floor finish:
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Wall load dead)
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4.2 COLUMNS AND BEAMS SECTIONS
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Figure 0:4 Beam 2300mmx360mm
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The structure is analysed in ETABSV16.2.0 Different analysis outputs are shown.
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FIGURE 0:3 STORY DISPLACEMENT DUE TO EQX
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FIGURE 0:3 STORY DRIFT DUE TO EQX:
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DESIGN OF THE S TRUCTURE
The structure is designed withETABSv16.2.0. Different design outputs are shown.
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Figure 0.2 () BEAM Reinforcements along PLINTH AND MAIN FLOOR
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6.2 Design of Beams and column :
Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) dc (mm) Cover (Torsion) (mm)
304,8 304,8 60 30
Material Properties
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
22360,68 20 1 500 500
Design Axial Force & Biaxial Moment for Pu - Mu2 - Mu3 Interaction
Design Pu Design Mu2 Design Mu3 Station Loc
Column End Controlling Combo
kN kN-m kN-m mm
kN kN-m kN-m mm
Top 549,3933 -46,8329 10,9879 2494,4 DCon9
Bottom 558,0809 51,6388 -11,1616 0 DCon9
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Beam/Column Capacity Ratios
SumBeamCap SumColCap
1.1(B/C) Column/Beam Controlling
Moments Moments
Ratio Ratio Combo
kN-m kN-m
Major33 0,831 1,323 81,2775 107,5586 DCon10
Minor22 0,907 1,212 88,7176 107,5586 DCon10
Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) bf (mm) ds (mm) dct (mm) dcb (mm)
228,6 355,6 228,6 0 60 60
Material Properties
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
22360,68 20 1 500 500
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End-I End-I Middle Middle End-J End-J
Design Vu Station Loc Design Vu Station Loc Design Vu Station Loc
kN mm kN mm kN mm
75,4392 152,4 0,0472 2476,5 79,4058 3810
DCon10 DCon9 DCon10
Torsion Reinforcement
Shear
Rebar Asvt /s
mm²/m
762,84
DESIGN OF FOOTING :
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DESIGN OF TWO WAY SLAB:
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1.
0 General Data:
Depth of slab : (D) 125 mm
Grade of Concrete : (fck) 25 N/mm2
Grade of Steel : (fy) 500 N/mm2
Effective cover: (d') 20 mm
Effective depth of slab : (d) 105 mm
Effective length:
Shorter span: (lx) 3.450 m
Longer span: (ly) 3.560 m
2.
0 Loading:
Dead Load: (DL) 3.13 KN/m2
Other Dead Load: (ODL) 2.85 KN/m2
Live Load: (LL) 2.00 KN/m2
Total Load: (w) 7.98 KN/m2
Factored Load: (wu) 11.96 KN/m2
3.
0 Type of slab:
1.032
4.
0 Calculation of Moments:
Moment coefficient:
2 ADG EDG
Type of Slab Panel: 4 DISCONTINUOUS
Short span coefficient: αx
Support S 0.04892
Mid Span M 0.0366
Long span coefficient: αy
Support S 0.047
Mid Span M 0.035
Moments:
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Long span moments:
Support S 6.693 KN-m
Mid Span M 4.984 KN-m
5.
0 Check depth for maximum Moments:
Maximum moments: Mu 6.966 KN-m
effective depth: d 45 < 105 mm
OK
6.
0 Calculation of reinforcement:
6.
1 For shorter span
(Ast)mi
Mim'm reinforcement n 126 mm2
Design moment: Mx 6.966 KN-m
Neutral axis depth : x 8 mm
Area of steel required: Ast 158 mm2
Area of steel provided: Ø 10 mm
S 150 mm
Ast 524 mm2 OK
Pt 0.5 %
For longer span
Effective depth d 95 mm
(Ast)mi
Mim'm reinforcement n 114 mm2
Design moment: Mx 6.693 KN-m
Neutral axis depth : x 9 mm
Area of steel required: Ast 169 mm2
Area of steel provided: Ø 8 mm
S 150 mm
Ast 336 mm2 OK
Pt 0.354 %
7.
0 Check for shear stress:
Maximum shear force: Vu 20.636 KN
Shear Stress: tv 0.197 N/mm2
β 5.806
Concrete Shear Strength: tc 0.489 N/mm2
Shear Strength factor: K 1.3
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Shear Strength of Slab: tc' 0.6357 > 0.197 N/mm2
OK
8.
0 Check for development length:
Ultimate moment Capacity: M1 21.545 KN-m
Maximum Shear Force: V 20.636 KN
Bond Stress: tbd 2.24 N/mm2
Development length: Ld 486 mm
Anchorage length: L0 120 mm
Available length: 1478 > Ld
OK
9.
0 Check for deflection:
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DESIGN OF STRAP BEAM :
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Analysis and Design of Strap (Cantilever) Footing According to ACI 318
PA R X
PB
Strap Beam
h
C aB
B1 bA c.g bB B2
Z
L2
L1
q1 q2
Proposed External Footing Length L1 1.52 m Concrete Compressive Strength fc` 20 N/mm2
Proposed Footing Thickness h 0.4 m Reinforcement Yielding Strength fy 500 N/mm2
Distance Between Columns (Z) 3.98 m Net Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity 120 KN/m2
Design Summary
692.9 mm2
Required Longitudinal Reinforcment Area
T16 4
1.13 mm2/mm -1.00 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00
Required Shear Reinforcment Area
2*T12@ 200
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Proportion Footing Dimensions
PA * Z
The location of forces resultant that give uniform pressure under both footing relative to the center of column B X 1.72 m
PA PB
L1
According to the proposed length of footing "A" the eccentricity of footing reactions e ( C ) 0.46 m
2
Taking moments about the center of column B, R1 = 333.17 KN
Taking moments about the center of column A, R2 = 350.16 KN
According to the allowable pressure under the footing the minimum width of external footing Minimum B1 2.00 m
According to the allowable pressure under the footing the minimum area of internal footing Minimum AB 3.18 m2
Soil pressure under the external footing q1= 120.14 KN/m2 Pressure exceeds allowable one , Change footing size
Soil pressure under the external footing q2= 117.90 KN/m2 <qall ==> OK
Considering Ultimate Load Magnification 1.5 Therefore the ultimate soil pressure under footings
PA R X
PB
Strap Beam
h
C aB
B1 bA c.g bB B2
Z
L2
L1
qu1 q u2
x
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Shear Force Diagram
0.85* fc ` 2M u
min
1 1 2 0.0036 > 0.0028 OK
fy 0.85* *bstrap * d eff * fc `
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LOAD CALCULATION
4 Floor Loads
Thickness of slab 0.150 m
Thickness of tile w ith plaster 0.025 m
Thickness of Marble 0.020 m
Thickness of Screed 0.040 m
Thickness of Cement Plaster 0.0125 m
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w ith inside and outside plaster 32.5 mm 1.651 KN/m Total 12.647 KN/m
w ith inside and outside plaster 32.5 mm 1.238 KN/m Total 9.485 KN/m
w ith inside and outside plaster 32.5 mm 1.403 KN/m Total 10.750 KN/m
w ith inside and outside plaster 32.5 mm 1.651 KN/m Total 7.149 KN/m
w ith inside and outside plaster 32.5 mm 1.238 KN/m Total 5.362 KN/m
w ith inside and outside plaster 32.5 mm 1.403 KN/m Total 6.076 KN/m
w ith inside and outside plaster 32.5 mm 0.663 KN/m Total 5.079 KN/m
w ith inside and outside plaster 32.5 mm 0.663 KN/m Total 2.871 KN/m
Load Calculation
L*B*H Vol Cum
Vol*Unit Wt KN
for other than light partition need to be calculated KN/Floor Area KN/Sqm
CONCLUSIONS
Thus, Residential building has been fully designed using a computer program, ETABSv16.2.0 All
the required design details of slab, beam, column and footing and staircase have been presented.
Possible best-approaches have been adopted for most-economical design, yet fulfilling all the
requirements for important building. Due considerations have been given to the probable increase in
load and strength as a partial factor of safety.
Also, double tie-beams, on regular tie-beam at plinth level and one at top level of footing-pad is
specified as the building is being constructed in high seismicity area. During construction, it is
mandatory to follow IS13920, regarding provision of stirrups and ties, development lengths, splices
and other detailing. Band at sill and lintel are provided to increase lateral strength of wall and to
improve opening weakness on wall.
Strict Control over quality of materials and workmanship is required for expected performance of
building in future. Hence, following shall be considered during construction works to obtain
expected results.
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A. General:
a. All works to be carried out in accordance with current best practice, Building Regulations,
the project specification and relevant Nepal Building Code (NBC), Indian Standards and
Codes of Practice. Materials and components to be appropriate for their intended use.
b. The construction-works shall only be carried-out by trained mason with supervision of
Engineer.
c. During construction, the contractor shall be responsible for maintaining the structure in a
stable condition and ensuring no part shall be damaged under construction activities.
d. Workmanship and materials are to be in accordance with the relevant current Standards
including all amendments and the local statutory authorities, except where varied by the
contract document.
e. All coarse aggregate used shall be crushed stone aggregate. The nominal size of coarse-
aggregate for RC bands and splints shall not exceed12.5mm.
f. Clean sand, with minimum silts and free from clay and organic materials shall be used.
g. Ordinary Portland cement conforming to IS 269:1976 shall be used for all cement works.
h. At least 48 hours’ notice shall be provided for all engineering inspections.
1
B. Structural:
1. Cast-In-Situ concrete/micro-concrete shall have minimum 28 days’ compressive cube
strength of 20N/mm² for all structural members unless otherwise stated.
2. The concrete compressive strength shall be measured on 150*150*150mm cube at 28 days,
for various structural elements.
3. Reinforcing steel shall be TOR having minimum yield strength of 500N/mm². However,
TMT rebar with ultimate strain not less than 14.5% can also be used.
4. Cover to main reinforcing steel be in accordance with IS 456:1978 & as specified in the
structural drawings.
5. Clear Cover of Concrete shall not be less than that given below:
a. Concrete surface at soil = 50mm
b. Concrete on PCC, Bricks, STONE, etc = 30mm
6. Unless otherwise specified, all horizontal & vertical construction joints shall be roughened.
7. A minimum of 48 hours’ notice shall be given to the Engineer before applying plaster,
concrete/micro concrete is poured, in order that the formwork and/or reinforcement may be
inspected.
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8. All R.C.C work shall be continuously cured for 14-days.
9. All cement plaster works shall be continuously cured for 7 days.
10. Any damage to surface during erection/construction is to be made good.
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