END SEMESTER PROJECT IDEAS

1. Time-Controlled Switch
A time-controlled switch is an automatic timer switch that turns an appliance ‘ON’ for the desired
time duration. After the preset time duration, the timer automatically switches ‘OFF’, disconnecting
the appliance from the power supply. The time duration for the appliance can be set from 1 to 99
minutes. This switch obviates the need to continuously monitor the appliance: an advantage over
the manual switch. Switching appliances in a timely manner increases the life and also saving on
power consumption. It also displays remaining time on two SSDs.
2. Ultrasonic Distance Meter
The PIC Ultrasonic distance meter works by transmitting a short pulse of sound at a frequency
inaudible to the ear (ultrasonic sound or ultrasound). Afterwards the microcontroller listens for an
echo. The time from transmission to echo reception lets you calculate the distance from the object.
The project interfaces with an ultrasonic sensor containing ultrasonic transmitter and receiver to
detect distance. The calculated distance is displayed on LCD and also sent it to serial port after
each reading.
3. Line follower Robot
Line follower robot is usually made at university level makes students familiar with the field of
robotics. Line follower robot (LFR) follows a (black), line by implementing a line sensing
mechanism. Reflection of light on the white surface is maximum and minimum on the black
surface because the black surface absorbs maximum amount of light. To detect light, either LDR
(light-dependent resistor) or an IR sensor (high accuracy). To detect the line, we place two IR
sensors one on the left and other on the right side of the robot. We then place the robot on the line
such that the line lies in the middle of both sensors.
4. Temperature Monitoring and Data Logging System
Temperature monitoring and control is important in industry environments. Sensors are widely
used for measurement of temperature. A temperature sensor converts temperature into an
equivalent voltage output, so here we use LM35 to do the task. This project is a simple
temperature measurement and display system based on LM35 sensor and PIC16F877A
microcontroller. The temperature in degrees Celsius is displayed on a 16×2 LCD. The
microcontroller reads temperature values from a temperature sensor on a regular interval basis
and stores them into its internal EEPROM memory. The recorded temperatures can be later
transferred to a PC through serial interface.
5. Solar Energy Measurement
The main goal of this project is to measure solar cell parameters through various sensor data
acquisition. This project uses a solar panel that always monitors the sunlight, and the different
parameters of the solar panel like current, voltage, temperature and light intensity are monitored
using a PIC microcontroller. The light intensity is measured using an LDR sensor. Similarly, the
current by current sensor, voltage by voltage divider principle and the temperature by temperature
sensor. All these data are displayed on the LCD display, which is interfaced to the PIC
microcontroller.