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University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

Poultry industry and its importance

Introduction to Animal Husbandry

Muhammad Umar Yaqoob

Lecturer
Institute of Animal & Dairy Sciences
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad
yaqoobmumar@gmail.com 2016
POULTRY
The term poultry is designated to those species of birds, which are
economical and can reproduce freely under human care.

It includes chickens, ducks, turkeys,

I I pheasants, pigeons, guinea fowl
and partridges etc.
Poultry Science
Poultry science is the study of principles and practices involved in the
production and marketing of poultry and its products.

It includes breeding, housing, incubation,

II brooding, rearing, feeding,
disease control and marketing but generally term “Poultry” is used only
for chickens, which serve as most economical source of animal protein
food and zoologically are named as Gallus domesticus.
BROILER

Broilers are those fast growing poultry birds of young age which are
kept and used only for meat purpose and produce tender meat with soft
pliable and flexible breast bone cartilage.
II

They attain live body weight of 1.5 kg or more by consuming 3-4 kg of

feed in 6 weeks or less age.
LAYER
Which lay table quality egg (for food of human consumption).

Laying starts from 20-21 weeks andI may

I
lay 150 to 300 eggs per year.
BREEDERS
• Birds of both sexes which are kept for breeding purpose to obtain
fertilized eggs for hatching to get chicks i.e. broilers or layers.

II
POULTRY INDUSTRY
II AND ITS
IMPORTANCE
SOURCE OF HIGH QUALITY PROTEIN
• Hen eggs and meat are generally preferred by the consumers because
eggs are a palatable and highly digestible nutritious food rich in
protein.
• They also provide fat, minerals andI I vitamins.
• In fact they are also used to manufacture sweets.
• They serve as binder agents in ice-cream.
• The poultry meat also a food of high quality.
• It is almost wholly protein.
SOURCE OF HIGH QUALITY PROTEIN
• It is a popular and appetizing food.
• Refrigeration is not required for preserving meat birds raised in the
villages as they can be kept alive until they have to be slaughtered for
consumption. II
• By keeping poultry at home, eggs and meat are available to each
family member.
• This raises the nutritional status of the family.
• It also helps to raise the family income by selling the excess of poultry
products, i.e. eggs and chicken.
SOURCE OF INCOME
• Broiler Unit: A 1000 broiler unit can be raised investing Rs. 2,00,000
within two months, which can be sold in Rs. 2,40,000. Thus
generating 40,000 profit in two months with the investment of Rs.
2,00,000
II

• Layer Unit: A 1,000 layer unit will be ready for laying eggs within 5
months with the investment of Rs. 4,00,000 and would continue laying
eggs for 1 year, generating almost 35% annual profit.
SOURCE OF INCOME
• Breeder Unit: A 1000 broiler breeder unit would start generating
income within 6-7 months with the investment of Rs. 10,00,000 and
would continue with day old chicks business for 10 months, furnishing
almost 40% profit annually.
II

• Hatchery Unit: A hatchery unit can generate 75 paisa per egg set for 21
giving rise to almost Rs. 50,000 a month from a unit of 1,09,000
capacity egg incubator.
RESEARCH USE
• Chickens are being used extensively in biological research work as
laboratory animals because they are cheap, readily available,
reproduce freely and have sensitive metabolism.
II
Industrial Uses
• Fertile eggs are used in the preparation of vaccines.
• Infertile eggs are used in the preparation of animal feed and fertilizer.
• Egg white is used in pharmacy, pain industry, photography, book
binding, leather tanning and textileI Idying
• Egg yolk is used in the preparation of soaps, paints, shampoos and in
finishing leather.
• Egg shells are used in mineral mixture for animal feed.
Industrial Uses
• Feathers are used in making millinery goods, pillows, cushions,
insulation material and animal feed.
• Poultry dropping are used as an organic fertilizer and can also be used
in fish ponds as a fish feed. GoodI I quality animal feed can also be
prepared from poultry dropping by mixing with molasses and corn
stubbles.
• Poultry slaughter waste like poultry blood, offal and fat can be used in
poultry feeds.
ADVANTAGESI I OF POULTRY
FARMING
Essential food items
• The poultry meat and eggs are essential foods.
• The demand of poultry meat and eggs is quite permanent.
• The poultry meat is appetizing and popular food.
II
• The eggs are highly digestible, nutritious and taste.
• In future the demand for high quality poultry meat and eggs seem to
be very bright.
Quick return of high quality protein
• There is a quick return of high quality protein.
• One and a half kilogram live-body weight broiler can be produced in 6
weeks time.
• The layer chicks start laying eggsI Iat about 20 weeks of age and lays
more than 270 eggs in a year.
Efficient source of high quality protein
• Poultry farming is an efficient source getting good-quality food, rich
in nutrition.
• One and a half kilogram broiler can be produced by feeding 3
kilogram of feed. II
• No other meat product can be produced so efficiently on the farm.
• A dozen of eggs can be produced on 1.75 kilograms of feed.
Income throughout the year
• The income from both broiler farms and layers flock is distributed
throughout the year.

II
Quick turn-over of capital
• There is quick turn-over of capital invested in poultry business.
• The capital invested in broiler production returns in about two months
and the capital invested in laying flock starts coming back in about 20
weeks. II
Part time as well as full time occupation
• Poultry farming may be adopted as a large and small scale business.
• Broilers and layers may be reared in the backyards in cities and small
towns and on farms as a commercial enterprise.
• The poultry farming on small farms
I I and at home may be a part time
job while the owner has other employment or business.
• It may be a full time occupation on large commercial and specialized
farms.
Managed by Ladies and Children
• Poultry farming can be successfully managed by women, children and
elderly men because the work is not strenuous.
• It does not require high skill.
• These groups of people may be very
I I successful in poultry farming.
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

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