Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
SAN ILDEFONSO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Poblacion, San Ildefonso, Bulacan

IWRBS
QUARTER 2 - WEEK 8

The Core Teachings, Fundamental Beliefs,

and Related Issues of Hinduism

Mrs. Laarni Mujeres Peregrin

Teacher

Harvey V. Garica
Student

ANSWER SHEET
Pre-Test Reviewing Previous Lesson:
1. Hinduism ➢What is meant by being morally righteous in Judaism, Christianity and Islam?
2. Nepal
3. Way of Life Being morally righteous in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam refers to living in
4. Brahman accordance with the moral and ethical codes set forth by each respective religion.
5. Vedas These codes can include the Ten Commandments in Judaism, the teachings of
6. Aryans Jesus in Christianity, and the Quranic verses and Hadiths in Islam. They
7. Samhitas emphasize values such as honesty, compassion, fairness, respect for others, and
8. Hymns obedience to God. A person who is morally righteous is someone who strives to
9. Rig-Veda embody these values in their everyday life and behavior.
10. Brahmanas
11. Aranyakas
12. Upanishads
13. Rig-Veda
14. Yajur-Veda
15. Sama-Veda

B. PRESENTING NEW LESSON

Shiva is one of the main deities in Hinduism and is considered to be the god of destruction, as well as
creation and preservation. He is often depicted as a powerful and fierce deity who wields a trident and has a
third eye on his forehead. Despite his association with destruction, Shiva is also revered for his roles as a
teacher and ascetic, and is considered to be the embodiment of yoga and meditation. In Hinduism, Shiva is
considered to be one of the three main gods, along with Brahma (the creator) and Vishnu (the preserver), and
is worshipped by millions of people throughout India and around the world.
 C. INDEPENDENT ACTICITIES.
1. ACTIVITY A
➢Why is Hinduism considered a diverse and complex religion? ________________________
Hinduism is considered a diverse and complex religion because of its vast array of beliefs, practices, and
interpretations, which have evolved over thousands of years and were influenced by various cultural,
geographical, and historical factors. The religion has no single founder or scripture, and its beliefs and practices
are diverse, ranging from polytheism to monotheism, from devotion to knowledge, and from rituals to
meditation. Additionally, Hinduism has various sects and sub-sects, each with its own beliefs and practices,
further adding to the complexity of the religion.

➢How do the Hindus manifest their spirituality amidst the variety of their traditions and freedom of
beliefs?_______________________

Hindus manifest their spirituality through various religious practices and rituals, including puja (worship),
yoga and meditation, devotion to deities, and participating in festivals and pilgrimage. They believe that
spirituality is a personal and individual journey, and there is no single right way to manifest it. Thus, the
freedom to choose their own path, combined with the diversity of Hindu beliefs and traditions, creates a
complex and diverse manifestation of spirituality in Hinduism.

2. ACTIVITY B
➢How did the Aryans lay the groundwork for the establishment of Hinduism as a formal religion?

The Aryans, who were a group of Indo-European nomads, are considered to have laid the groundwork for
the establishment of Hinduism as a formal religion. They brought with them their religious beliefs and practices,
which were primarily centered around the worship of gods and goddesses, such as Indra, Varuna, Agni, and
Rudra. The Aryans performed various rituals, such as animal sacrifices, and recited hymns in honor of these
deities, which were later compiled in the Vedas, the sacred texts of Hinduism. Over time, the religious beliefs
and practices of the Aryans merged with the local indigenous religious traditions of India, giving birth to the
complex and diverse religion that is Hinduism today. The caste system, which is one of the key features of
Hinduism, also has its roots in the Aryan social structure.

3. ACTIVITY C
➢ What makes Hinduism’s beliefs, particularly its polytheistic nature, complex for other people?

Hinduism's polytheistic beliefs can be complex for people of monotheistic religions because they are used to
worshiping a single deity. In Hinduism, there is a complex pantheon of gods and goddesses each with their own
distinct personality, attributes, and domains of influence. Additionally, the concept of avatar, where gods can
take human form, and the belief in reincarnation can be difficult for people to grasp. These beliefs and practices
can appear strange or confusing to those who are not familiar with Hinduism, making it a complex religion for
some.
➢Why do you think Hinduism is mainly concentrated on India?

Hinduism is mainly concentrated in India because it is considered to be the birthplace of the religion.
Hinduism is thought to have originated in India over 3,000 years ago and has since evolved and become deeply
intertwined with Indian culture and tradition. Throughout history, Hinduism has spread within India through
trade, migration, and the influence of powerful Hindu dynasties. India is also home to some of the most
important Hindu pilgrimage sites, such as Varanasi and the banks of the Ganges River, which have attracted
pilgrims for centuries and helped to reinforce the religion's presence in the region. The unique blend of religious
and cultural practices has also helped to maintain the persistence of Hinduism in India.

4. ACTIVITY D (PERFORMANCE TASK)

Activity: Complete the Concept Map below by writing down the Sacred Scriptures, Worship and Observances
and Beliefs and Doctrines of Hinduism.

Sacred Scriptures
The sacred scriptures of Hinduism are a collection of ancient texts that form the basis of the religion's beliefs and
practices. Some of the most important Hindu scriptures include:
1. The Vedas - A collection of hymns, prayers, and rituals considered to be the oldest sacred texts in Hinduism.
2. The Upanishads - A collection of philosophical texts that explore the nature of reality and the self.
3. The Bhagavad Gita - An ancient Indian poem that is considered to be one of the most important Hindu
scriptures.
4. The Ramayana - An epic poem that tells the story of Prince Rama and his quest to rescue his wife Sita from
the demon king Ravana.
5. The Mahabharata - An epic poem that tells the story of a civil war between two branches of a royal family
and includes the Bhagavad Gita as one of its components.
These texts, along with others, serve as a source of guidance and inspiration for Hindus and provide a foundation
for the religion's beliefs and practices.

Worship and Observances

Worship and observances in Hinduism are diverse and vary widely among individuals and communities.
However, some common practices include:
1. Puja - A daily ritual in which a devotee offers prayers, offerings, and devotions to a deity or deities, usually in
front of a shrine or statue.
2. Temple visits - Hindus visit temples to offer prayers, receive blessings, and participate in festivals and other
religious events.
3. Festivals - Hinduism has numerous festivals throughout the year, including Diwali (the festival of lights),
Holi (the festival of colors), and Navaratri (the festival of nine nights).
4. Mantra recitation - Hindus often recite mantras, which are sacred phrases or verses, as a form of meditation
and devotion.
5. Yoga and meditation - Hinduism recognizes the importance of physical, mental, and spiritual practices for
achieving balance and union with the divine.
6. Fast and Feast - Some Hindus observe fasts and feasts on specific days as a form of devotion and spiritual
discipline.
These practices and observances are meant to help Hindus connect with the divine, purify their minds and bodies,
and attain spiritual growth.
Beliefs and Doctrines

Hinduism is a complex and diverse religion with a wide range of beliefs and doctrines. Some of the core beliefs and
doctrines of Hinduism include:
1. Brahman - The belief in a supreme, universal consciousness that underlies all of reality.
2. Atman - The belief in the individual soul, which is a part of the universal consciousness of Brahman.
3. Karma - The belief that a person's actions in this life determine their future destiny, and that through good
actions, a person can achieve liberation and union with the divine.
4. Samsara - The belief in reincarnation, that the soul is reborn into another body after death.
5. Dharma - The belief in one's moral and ethical responsibilities, duties, and obligations in life, which vary
according to an individual's caste, gender, and stage of life.
6. Moksha - The ultimate goal of Hindu life, which is the liberation of the individual soul from the cycle of birth
and death and the attainment of union with the divine.
7. Polytheism - The belief in multiple gods and goddesses, each of whom is associated with specific qualities,
attributes, and domains of influence.
These beliefs and doctrines, along with others, form the foundation of Hinduism and provide guidance and direction
for Hindus in their spiritual journeys.

D. GENERALIZATION
➢➢ Do the Hindus have a solid concept of a creator? Explain your answer.

The concept of a creator in Hinduism is complex and multifaceted. While some Hindu texts, such as the
Rigveda, describe a creator god called Prajapati, who is responsible for the creation of the universe, many
Hindus believe in a more abstract, non-personal supreme principle or consciousness, known as Brahman, that
underlies all of reality.
In Hinduism, the creation of the universe is often viewed as a cyclical process, in which the universe arises
and dissolves repeatedly over time. This process is often seen as the manifestation of Brahman, rather than the
work of a personal creator.
Additionally, some Hindus adhere to the belief in multiple gods and goddesses, each of whom may have
played a role in the creation of the universe. However, these gods are not seen as a single, unified creator, but
rather as expressions of the divine energy that pervades all of existence.
In summary, while some Hindus have a concept of a creator, it is not a unified, personal deity, but rather a more
abstract and multi-faceted understanding of the supreme principle that underlies all of reality.
E. REFLECTION
➢How do you compare the Hindu concept of “Trimurti” with the Christian doctrine of the Holy Trinity?

The Hindu concept of Trimurti and the Christian doctrine of the Holy Trinity share some similarities, but
they are also distinct in several important ways.
The Trimurti is a Hindu concept that refers to the three main gods Brahma (the creator), Vishnu (the
preserver), and Shiva (the destroyer) who form a triad of divine power and representation. In Hinduism, the
Trimurti is seen as the three aspects of the one divine reality that governs the universe.
The Holy Trinity, on the other hand, is a central doctrine of Christianity that refers to the three distinct
persons of the one God: the Father, the Son (Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit. In Christianity, the Holy Trinity
is seen as a mystery beyond human comprehension, but it is believed that God is one in essence and three in
persons.
Both the Trimurti and the Holy Trinity attempt to explain the complexity of the divine and its relationship
to the universe, but they do so in different ways. The Trimurti is a Hindu concept that emphasizes the three
different aspects of the divine that govern the universe, while the Holy Trinity is a Christian doctrine that
emphasizes the unity and diversity of the one God.
In summary, while both the Hindu concept of Trimurti and the Christian doctrine of the Holy Trinity
attempt to explain the complexity of the divine, they differ in their understanding of the nature of the divine and
its relationship to the universe.

ASSESSMENT Enrichment Activity.

1. T Do you believe in reincarnation? Explain your answer
2. T
3. T Reincarnation is the belief that the soul, after death, is reborn into another physical body.
4. T However, this belief has been challenged by several arguments that question its validity. One
5. T such argument is based on the idea that if reincarnation were true, it would mean that the
6. T number of souls in the universe is constantly increasing, which is impossible. Additionally,
7. T reincarnation also raises questions about the transfer of memories and consciousness from one
8. F life to another, and there is no scientific evidence to support this idea. Furthermore,
9. T reincarnation implies that the same soul can occupy different physical bodies at the same
10.F time, which contradicts the concept of personal identity and individuality.
1. T
2. T In conclusion, the idea of reincarnation is based on unverifiable and metaphysical claims, and
3. T there is no empirical evidence to support its validity. Therefore, it is reasonable to consider
4. T reincarnation as impossible. So no, I don't believe in reincarnation.
5. T