STRESS

CALCULATION
DUE TO PRESTRESSING FORCE
OVERVIEW
 For this lesson, we will be calculating stresses in
a pre-stressed structural member

Learning Objectives
By the end of this lesson, you should be able to:
 Calculate stresses in a pre-stressed structural
member.
INTRODUCTION
Analysis is the determination of stresses
in the steel and concrete when the form
and size of a section are already given.
The stresses in concrete are calculated
by the use of elastic theory.

The analysis of pre-stressed members

can be different for the different stages
of loading.
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE DESIGN
STAGES OF LOADING
1. Initial Stage
 The member is prestressed but not carrying any
loadings such as dead load and live loads
2. Intermediate Stage
 The stage of transporting and erecting or installing
the member. Occurs only for precast members.
3. Service or Final Stage
 The actual service loads are being applied to the
member. On this stage, the member will carry these
superimposed loads.
METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF PRESTRESS
 The analysis at transfer and under service
loads are similar. A prestressed member
usually remains uncracked under service
loads. The concrete and steel are treated as
elastic materials. The increase in stress in
the prestressing steel due to bending is
neglected.

 The resultant stress of the section depends

on both loads (Dead load and Live Load) and
the location of the tendon,
TYPES OF TENDON PROFILE
TYPES OF TENDON PROFILE
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

𝒘𝑳𝟐 𝒃𝒅𝟑
𝑴= 𝑨 = 𝒃𝒅 𝑰=
𝟖 𝟏𝟐
 BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

CASE I:
W

Centroidal Axial
Prestress P P

Note:
Compression (Negative)
Tension (Positive)
Resultant stress
due to prestress due to loading
𝑷 𝑴𝒍 𝒄
𝑷 𝑴𝒍 𝒄 𝒇𝒕 = − −
− − 𝑨 𝑰
𝑨 𝑰

𝑷 𝑴𝒍 𝒄
𝒇𝒎𝒂𝒙 = − ±
= + = 𝑨 𝑰

𝑷 𝑴𝒍 𝒄 𝑷 𝑴𝒍 𝒄
− + 𝒇𝒃 = − +
𝑨 𝑰 𝑨 𝑰
 BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
W

CASE II:
Prestress Force at
an Eccentricity

Note:
Compression (Negative) Resultant stress
Tension (Positive) due to prestress due to loading 𝑷 𝑴𝒑 𝒄 𝑴𝒍 𝒄
𝑷 𝑴𝒑 𝒄 𝑴𝒍 𝒄 𝒇𝒕 = − + −
− + − 𝑨 𝑰 𝑰
𝑨 𝑰 𝑰

𝑷 𝑴𝒑 𝒄 𝑴𝒍 𝒄
𝒇𝒎𝒂𝒙 =− ± ∓
= + + = 𝑨 𝑰 𝑰

𝑴𝒑 𝒄 𝑴𝒍 𝒄 𝑷 𝑴𝒑 𝒄 𝑴𝒍 𝒄
𝑷 𝒇𝒃 = − − +
− − + 𝑨 𝑰 𝑰
𝑨 𝑰 𝑰
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
W

𝐴 = 𝑏𝑑
𝑷 𝑴𝒑 𝒄 𝑴𝒍 𝒄 𝑷 𝑷𝒆𝒄 𝑴𝒍 𝒄
𝑑 𝒇𝒎𝒂𝒙 =− ± ∓ 𝒇𝒎𝒂𝒙 =− ± ∓ (𝑦 = 𝑐)
𝑐= 𝑨 𝑰 𝑰 𝑨 𝑰𝑵.𝑨 𝑰𝑵.𝑨
2
𝑏𝑑 3
𝐼=
12
𝑷 𝑷𝒆𝒚 𝑴𝒍 𝒄 𝑷 𝟔𝑷𝒆 𝟔𝑴𝒍
𝑤𝐿2 𝒇=− ± ∓ 𝒇𝒎𝒂𝒙 = − ± ∓
𝑀𝑙 = 𝑨 𝑰𝑵.𝑨 𝑰𝑵.𝑨 𝒃𝒅 𝒃𝒅𝟐 𝒃𝒅𝟐
8
𝑀𝑝 = 𝑃𝑒
(𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑚)
EXAMPLE :
Given the following data of a prestressed rectangular beam:
w

L = 12m

300 mm

Beam dimension, b x h = 300mm x 600mm

600 mm
Loads: Superimposed dead load = 5kN/m
Live Loads = 15kN/m e = 220 mm

Unit weight of concrete = 23kN/m^3

The beam is simply supported on a span of 12m and are pre-

tensioned with total initial force of 1,750kN from low-relaxation
strands with centroid 220mm below N.A throughout the beam
length. There is a 15% loss of pre-stress a service loads.
EXAMPLE :

1. Calculate the stress at the bottom fibers (in MPa) of the beam
at end span due to initial prestressing force only.

A. 11.7 T B. 11.7 C C. 31.1 T D. 31.1 C

2. Calculate the stress at the top fibers (in MPa) of the beam at
mid span due to service loads and prestressing force.

A. 14.2 C B. 14.2 T C. 2.3 T D. 2.3 C

3. Calculate the maximum additional uniform load (kN/m) that

the beam can be subjected to without producing tensile stress in
concrete.
A. 3.2 B. 1.5 C. 2.8 D. 2.3
EXAMPLE :

The prestressed hallow core slab shown in used for flooring of a

classroom. Given the following properties of the slab:

A = 1.4 x 10^5 mm^2

t = 200 mm
b = 1.20 m
St =Sb = 6.8 x 10^6 mm^3
Slab Weight = 2.8 kPa
Prestressing Force = 830 kN at e = 64 mm below N.A

The slab is simply supported on a span of 8m. Allowable

stresses at service loads are 2.8 MPa in tension and 16.5 MPa
in compression. Consider 15% loss of prestress at service loads.
EXAMPLE :
Calculate the following:
1. The stress (in MPa) at the top fiber of the slab at the ends
due to initial prestress force.

A. 1.88 T B. 13.74 C C. 6.25 C D. 8.12 C

2. The stress (in MPa) at the bottom fiber of the slab at midspan
due to loads and prestress force.

A. 12.3 T B. 1.25 T C. 9.41 C D. 0.67 C

3. The maximum additional load (in kN/m) that the slab can be
subjected to if the allowable stresses at service loads are not to
be exceeded.
A. 12.3 B. 2.9 C. 4.8 D. 10.4
EXAMPLE :

T prestress double tee (DT) concrete joist shown are simply

supported on a span of 8m and are pre-tensioned with total
initial force of 1280 kN from low-relaxation strands with
centroid 220 mm below N.A throughout the beam length. The
joist supports a total dead load of 5.8kPa (including beam
weight) and live load of 6.5kPa. There is a load of prestress of
20% at service loads. Unit weight of concrete is 24kN/m^3.

Properties of Sections:
A = 210,000 mm^2
INA = 2.78 x 10^9 mm^4
EXAMPLE :

1. Calculate the stress at the top fibers (in MPa) of the DT at end
span due to initial prestressing force only.
A. 5.25 T B. 36.79 C C. 4.34 T D. 28.71 C

2. Calculate the compressive stress (in MPa) at the bottom fibers

of the DT at midspan due to initial prestressing force only.

A. 5.25 T B. 36.79 C C. 4.34 T D. 28.71 C

3. Calculate the resulting stress (in MPa) at the bottom of the DT

at midspan due to service loads and prestressing force.

A. 15.2 T B. 17.3 T C. 5.3 T D. 3.7 C

EXAMPLE :
May 2017 – Situation 14
The figure shows a prestressed hallow core slab used for flooring
of a library.

A = 1.4 x 10^5 mm^2

a = 1.20 m
b
b = 200 mm
St =Sb = 6.8 x 10^6 mm^3 a
Slab Weight = 2.7 kPa
Live load = 2.9 kPa
Superimposed dead load = 2 kPa
Prestressing Force = 820 kN at e = 63 mm below N.A

The slab is simply supported on a span of 8m. Allowable

stresses at service loads are 2.0 MPa in tension and 15.5 MPa
in compression. Consider 15% loss of prestress at service loads.
EXAMPLE :
Calculate the following:
1. The stress (in MPa) at the top fiber of the slab at the ends
due to initial prestress force.

A. 5.92 C B. 13.45 C C. 1.74 T D. 7.32C

2. The stress (in MPa) at the top of the slab at the ends due to
initial prestress force.

A. 19.25 C B. 10.8 T C. 13.4 T D. 7.5 C

3. The maximum total load (in kN/m) including its own weight
that the slab can be subjected to if the allowable stresses at
service loads are not to be exceeded.
A. 14.4 B. 12.2 C. 10.2 D. 11.4
 GROUP 1 – BSCE 4A

Marianne Rafael
Sam S. Rhei Angelo
Rose Q. Angelo O.
Gonzaga C. Aguila
Capacio Morales