EXPERIMEN

T-2

Name: Aman Abhay Singh

Roll no: 21BCE11655
PROFESSOR: DR. RAJDEEP SINGH PAYAL
  Aim:
Determination of plank’s constant using LEDs
 Apparatus:
0-10 V power supply, a one way key, rheostat, a digital
milliammeter, a digital voltmeter, a 1K resistor and
different known wavelength LED's.
 Material Required:
Four LEDs emitting coloured light- one each of
red, orange, green and blue. Choose LEDs with a
clear, colourless casing surrounding the LED, so
that the colour of the light comes from the device.
Itself, not from the coloured casing.
q v batteries.
Two multimeters (one can be used as a voltmeter
and the other as an ammeter)
 Procedure

1]Connect the ammeter in series with the LED to

measure the current through it and connect the
voltmeter in parallel to the LED to the measure
the voltage across it. The applied voltage can be
changed by using potentiometer.
2]Change the voltage in steps of 0.05 V from 0V to
3V and measure the resulting electrical current.
Note that when the current flowing through the
LED is small, the LED might not measure the
current to protect the LED, take care to keep the
current be low 5mA.
3]For each LED, plot a graph of current against
voltage. On each graph, find the straight line of
‘best fit’ to join up the points that slope up from
the X-axis. If points lie close, this shows that a
linear relationship holds between the applied
voltage of the current in this region of the graph.
4] Finally, determine the activation voltage (Va)
from the connected data. This is the point at
which the current begins to increase linearly with
voltage. It can be read off the graph by
extrapolating the straight line representing the
linear given backwards with it intercepts the X-
axis.
LED colour Typical Wavelength λ(mm)
 RED 620
YELLOW 570
BLUE 450
VIOLET 400

Voltage Current
1.70 0
1.90 0
 Result:
2.00 1.660
2.15 1.680
1]Colour: Red
2.20 1.689 2]
2.30 1.691 Voltage Current
2.40 1.699 1.50 0
2.45 1.703 1.70 0
2.00 0
Colour: Yellow 2.10 1.815
2.40 2.002
2.70 2.250
3.10 2.589
3.40 2.813

Voltage Current
1.50 0
2.10 0
2.30 0
2.50 2.085
2.90 2.419
3.10 2.584
3.30 2.666
3] Colour: Blue
3.40 2.694
Voltage Current
4]
2.00 0
2.50 0 Colour: Violet
2.70 2.250
2.95 2.419
3.20 2.666
3.50 2.749
3.70 3.082
3.95 3.210
  Cut-off Voltage and Wavelength:
Sr. No. Colour Cut-off (V) Wavelength λ 1/λ (m-1)
(m)
1 Red 1.67 650 x 10-9 1.5 x 10-6
2 Yellow 1.83 580 x 10-9 1.7 x 10-6
3 Blue 2.17 450 x 10-9 2.0 x 10-6
4 Green 2.00 550 x 10-9 1.8 x 10-6

0
Find the slope m=hc/λ
Va=(hc/e) X(1/𝜆)
  Calculations:
h1 (Red) -> (1.6 x 10-¹⁹ x 610 X 10-¹⁰ x 19.03) / 3 x 10⁸ = 6.20 x 10-³⁴ fs
h2 (Yellow) -> (1.6 x 10-¹⁹ x 570 X 10-¹⁰ x 21.79)/ 3 x 10⁸ = 6.596 x 10-³⁴ fs
h3 (Green) -> (1.6 x 10-¹⁹ x 560 x 10-¹⁰ x 23.30)/ 3 x 10⁸ = 6.8 x 10-³⁴ fs
h4 (Blue) -> (1.6 x 10-¹⁹ x 465 x 10-¹⁰ x 26.1)/ 3 x 10⁸ = 6.47 x 10-³⁴ fs
Avg. Planck's constant = [ (6.20 + 6.596 + 6.8 + 6.47)/4 x 10-³⁴]

Avg. Planck's constant = 6.579 x 10-³⁴ fs

 Results:
Calculated Planck’s constant is 6.579 x 10-³⁴
Conclusion: The Planck’s constant value is determined
through current voltage experiment.
 Calculations:
The planks constant value is determined through current
voltage experiment.
 PRECAUTION:
1. Make sure circuit is connected carefully.
2. Wire connection should be tight.
3. Do not touch the setup it may increase the chance of error.