MUKUBA UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS

MAT 150- FOUNDATION MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS FOR SCIENCE
TUTORIAL SHEET 3: QUADRATIC EQUATIONS ANSWER ALL

Q1. Without solving the following equations, state the nature of roots:
4
(a) (𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 1) = 5 (b) (1 − 𝑥) = (c) 3𝑥 2 − 𝑥 = 1
𝑥+2
1 1
(d) (2𝑥 + 3)(2𝑥 + 5) = 2(6𝑥 + 7) (e) 𝑥
+ 3 = 𝑥−1

Q2. Find the nature of the roots of the following equations

(i) 2x2 + 3x + 1 = 0 (ii) 6x2 = 7x +5 (iii) 3x2 + 7x – 2 = 0 (iv) √2 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − √8 = 0.
Q3. For what value of K the roots of the given equations are equal.
(i) x2 + 3(K + 1)x + 4K + 5 = 0 (ii) x2 + 2(K – 2)x – 8k = 0
(iii) (3K + 6)x2 + 6x + K = 0 (iv) (K + 2)x2 – 2Kx + K – 1 = 0
Q4. Show that the roots of the equations
(i) a2(mx + c)2 + b2x2 = a2 b2 will be equal if c2 = b2 + a2m2
(ii) x 2 + (mx + c)2 = a2 has equal roots if c2 = a2 (1 + m2).
Q5. If the roots of (c2 – ab)x2 – 2(a2 – bc)x + (b2 – ac) = 0 are equal then prove that
a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
Q6. Show that the roots of the following equations are real

1
(i) x2 – 2 (m+ 𝑚 )x + 3 = 0
(ii) x2 – 2ax + a2 = b2 + c2
(iii) (b2 – 4ac)x2 + 4(a + c)x – 4 = 0
Q7. Show that the roots of the following equations are rational
(i) a(b – c)x2 + b(c – a)x + c(a – b) = 0 (ii) (a + 2b)x2 + 2(a + b + c)x + (a + 2c) = 0
(iii) (a + b)x2 – ax – b) = 0 (iv) p x2 - (p – q) x – q = 0

Q8. For what value of „K‟ the equation (4–k) x2 + 2(k+2) x + 8k + 1 = 0 will be a perfect
square. (Hint : The equation will be perfect square if Disc. b2 – 4ac = 0 )

Q9. Without solving, find the sum and the product of the roots of the following equations.
(i) x2 – x + 1 = 0 (ii) 2y2 + 5y – 1 = 0 (iii) x2 – 9 = 0
(iv) 2x2 + 4 = 7x (v) 5x2 + x – 7 = 0

Q10. Find the value of k, given that

(i) The product of the roots of the equation (k + 1)x2 + (4k + 3)x + (k – 1) = 0 is

(ii) The sum of the roots of the equation 3x2 + k x + 5 = 0 will be equal to the product of
its roots.
(iii) The sum of the roots of the equation 4 x2 + k x - 7 = 0 is 3.

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Q.11 (i) If the difference of the roots of x2 – 7x + k – 4 = 0 is 5, find the value of k and
the roots.

(ii) If the difference of the roots of 6x2 – 23x + c = 0 is , find the value of k

and the roots.

Q.12 (i) The quadratic equation 𝑡𝑥 2 + 2(𝑡 + 𝑎)𝑥 + (𝑡 + 𝑏) = 0 has equal roots. Express 𝑡 in
terms of 𝑎 and 𝑏.
(ii) The quadratic equation (𝑡 + 1)𝑥 2 + 2𝑡𝑥 + (𝑡 + 2) = 0 has real roots. Find the range
of values of 𝑡.
Q.13 Find the value of 𝑝 for which the equation (1 − 2𝑝)𝑥 2 + 8𝑝𝑥 − (2 + 8𝑝) = 0 has two
equal roots.

Q.14 Show that the equation (𝑘 − 3)𝑥 2 + (2𝑘 − 1)𝑥 + (𝑘 + 2) = 0 has rational roots for all
values of 𝑘.
Q.15 Show that the equation (𝑘 + 1)𝑥 2 + (2𝑘 + 3)𝑥 + (𝑘 + 2) = 0 has real roots for all values
of 𝑘.
Q.16 The quadratic equation 𝑥 2 + 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞 = 0 has roots −2 and 6. Find t
(i) the value of 𝑝 and 𝑞,
(ii) the range of values of 𝑟 for which the equation 𝑥 2 + 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞 = 0 has no real roots.
𝑏 𝑐
Q.17 If 𝛼 and 𝛽 are the roots of 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, show that 𝛼 + 𝛽 = − 𝑎 and that 𝛼𝛽 = 𝑎.

𝑏2 −2𝑎𝑐 √𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐

Hence, show that 𝛼 2 + 𝛽 2 = and that 𝛼 + 𝛽 =
𝑎2 𝑎

Q18. If α , β are the roots of ax2 + bx + c = 0 find the value of

1 1 𝛼 𝛽
(i) α3 + β3 (ii) 𝛼2
+ 𝛽2
(iii) √𝛽 + √𝛼 (iv)

Q19. If p, q are the roots of 2x2 – 6x + 3 = 0 find the value of

(p3 + q3) – 3pq (p2 + q2) –3pq (p + q)

Q20. If α, β are the roots of the equation px2 + qx + r = 0 then find the values of

(i) α2 + β2 (ii) (α - β)2 (iii) α3β + αβ3

Q21. Form quadratic equations with the following given numbers as its roots.
(i) 2, - 3 (ii) 3 +i , 3 – i (iii) 2 + √3 , 2 − √3

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