Homework#3 7PM (MT)/6PM (PT) (Due date 2/13/2023)

Related background knowledge in unit operation-extraction and batch reactor.

1. (2.3, 20)Aniline is being removed from water by solvent extraction using toluene. The unit is a
10-stage countercurrent tower, shown in Fig.1. The equilibrium relationship valid at each stage
is, to a first approximation:

Yi
m= =9
Xi

where Y i = (lb of aniline in the toluene phase) I (lb of toluene in the toluene phase)
X i = (lb of aniline in the water phase) I (lb of water in the water phase).
(a) The solution to this problem is a set of 10 simultaneous equations. Derive these equations
from material balances around each stage. Present these equations using compact notation.
(b) Solve the above set of equations to find the concentration in both the aqueous and organic
phases leaving each stage of the system (Y i and X i )
(c) If the slope of the equilibrium relationship is replaced by the expression m =9+20 X i , the
solution becomes a set of simultaneous nonlinear equations. Describe a procedure that would
solve this problem.
(d) Solve the problem described in (c) above.

Fig.1
2. (2.7, 10) The system of highly coupled chemical reactions shown in Fig. 2 takes place in a
batch reactor. The conditions of temperature and pressure in the reactor are such that the kinetic
rate constants attain the following values:
k21 = 0.2 k31 = 0.1 k32= 0.1 k34 = 0.1 k54 = 0.05 k64 = 0.2 k65 = 0.1
k12 = 0.1 k13 = 0.05 k23 = 0.05 k43 = 0.2 k45 = 0.1 k46 = 0.2 k56 = 0.1
If the chemical reaction starts with the following initial concentrations:
A0 = 1.0 mol/L B0 = 0 C0 = 0 D0 = 0 E0 = 1.0 mol/L F0 = 0

calculate the steady-state concentration of all components. Assume that all reactions are of first
order.

Fig.2