This is a 

dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

This is a list of important publications in philosophy, organized by field. The publications on this list are regarded as important because they have served or are
serving as one or more of the following roles:

 Foundation – A publication whose ideas would go on to be the foundation of a topic or field within philosophy.
 Breakthrough – A publication that changed or added to philosophical knowledge significantly.
 Influence – A publication that has had a significant impact on the academic study of philosophy or the world.

Historical philosophical texts[edit]

European and Islamic philosophy[edit]
Ancient philosophy [edit]

 Heraclitus (c. early 5th century), Fragments

 Parmenides (c. early 5th century), On Nature[1]
 Plato (early period, c. 399 – c. 387 BC[2]), Apology
 Plato (early period), Crito
 Plato (early period), Euthyphro
 Plato (early period), Gorgias
 Plato (early period), Protagoras
 Plato (early transitional period, c. 387 – c. 380 BC), Cratylus
 Plato (early transitional period), Meno
 Plato (middle period, c. 380 – c. 360 BC), Phaedo
 Plato (middle period), Symposium
 Plato (late transitional period, c. 360 – c. 355 BC), Parmenides
 Plato (late transitional period), Theaetetus
 Plato (late transitional period), Phaedrus
 Plato (late period, c. 355 – c. 347 BC), Laws
 Plato (late period), Timaeus
 Plato (Bk. 1, early period. Bks. 2–10, late period), The Republic
 Aristotle (fl. 384 – 322 BC), Organon
 Aristotle, Physics
 Aristotle, Metaphysics
 Aristotle, On the Soul
 Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics
 Aristotle, Politics
 Aristotle, Rhetoric
 Aristotle, Poetics
 Epicurus, (341 – 270 BC), On Nature
 Lucretius (fl. 99 – 55 BC), On the Nature of Things
 Cicero, (106 – 43 BC), On the Commonwealth
 Cicero, On the Laws
 Lucius Annaeus Seneca (4BC – 65AD), Letters from a Stoic
 Marcus Aurelius (161 – 180 AD), Meditations
 Epictetus (108 AD), Discourses
 Epictetus (125 AD), Enchiridion
 Sextus Empiricus (c. 160 – 210 AD), Outlines of Pyrrhonism
 Plotinus (270 AD), Enneads
 Porphyry (c. 234 – 305 AD), Isagoge
 Hermes Trismegistus, Corpus Hermeticum[3]

Medieval philosophy [edit]

 Augustine of Hippo, Confessions, c. AD 397

 Augustine of Hippo, The City of God, early 5th century
 Proclus, The Elements of Theology
 Damascius, Difficulties and Solutions of First Principles
 Boethius, Consolation of Philosophy, c. 500
 Eriugena, Periphyseon
 Avicenna, The Book of Healing
 Avicenna, Proof of the Truthful
 Maimonides, Guide for the Perplexed
 Maimonides, Mishneh Torah
 Yehuda Halevi, Kuzari
 Saadia Gaon, Emunoth ve-Deoth
 Al-Ghazali, The Incoherence of the Philosophers
 Averroes, The Incoherence of the Incoherence
 Anselm, Proslogion
 Thomas Aquinas, Summa contra Gentiles, c. 1260
 Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologiae
 Duns Scotus, Ordinatio (aka Opus Oxoniense)[4]
 Ibn Taymiyyah, Refutation of the Rationalists
 William of Ockham, Summa Logicae

Early modern philosophy [edit]

Title page of Advancement of Learning by Francis Bacon

 Desiderius Erasmus, The Praise of Folly, 1509 (printed 1511)

 Niccolò Machiavelli, The Prince, 1513 (printed 1532)
 Niccolò Machiavelli, Discourses on Livy, 1517 (printed 1533)
 Michel de Montaigne, Essays, 1570–1592 (printed 1580–1595)
 Sir Francis Bacon, Novum Organum, 1620
 Hugo Grotius, De jure belli ac pacis, 1625
 René Descartes, Rules for the Direction of the Mind, 1628
 René Descartes, Discourse on the Method, 1637
 René Descartes, Meditations on First Philosophy, 1641
 René Descartes, Principles of Philosophy, 1644
 René Descartes, Passions of the Soul, 1649
 Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan, 1651
 Blaise Pascal, Pensées, 1670
 Baruch Spinoza, Ethics, 1677
 Baruch Spinoza, Tractatus Theologico-Politicus, 1677
 Gottfried Leibniz, Discourse on Metaphysics, 1686
 Nicolas Malebranche, Dialogues on Metaphysics, 1688
 John Locke, Two Treatises of Government, 1689
 John Locke, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, 1689
 Anne Conway, The Principles of the Most Ancient and Modern Philosophy, 1690
 Gottfried Leibniz, New Essays on Human Understanding, 1704 (printed 1765)
 George Berkeley, Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge, 1710
 Gottfried Leibniz, Théodicée, 1710
 Gottfried Leibniz, Monadology, 1714 (printed 1720)
 Giambattista Vico, The New Science, 1725, 1730, 1744
 Francis Hutcheson, An Inquiry into the Original of our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue, 1725
 David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature, 1738–1740
 Julien Offray de La Mettrie , Man a Machine, 1747
 David Hume, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, 1748
 Montesquieu, The Spirit of the Laws, 1748
 Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Discourse on the Arts and Sciences, 1750
 Jean le Rond d'Alembert, Preliminary Discourse to the Encyclopédie of Diderot, 1751
 David Hume, An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals, 1751
 Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Discourse on the Origin and Basis of Inequality Among Men, 1754
 Adam Smith, The Theory of Moral Sentiments, 1759
 Voltaire, Candide, 1759
 Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Emile, or On Education, 1762
 Jean-Jacques Rousseau, The Social Contract, 1762
 Voltaire, Treatise on Tolerance, 1763
 Thomas Reid, Inquiry into the Human Mind on the Principles of Common Sense, 1764
 Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations, 1776
 Immanuel Kant, Critique of Pure Reason, 1781
 Immanuel Kant, Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals, 1785
 Thomas Reid, Essays on the Intellectual Powers of Man, 1785
 Immanuel Kant, Critique of Practical Reason, 1788
 Jeremy Bentham, An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation, 1789
 Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France, 1790
 Immanuel Kant, Critique of Judgement, 1790
 Marquis de Condorcet, Sketch for a Historical Picture of the Progress of the Human Mind, 1794
 Joseph de Maistre, Considerations on France, 1797
 Sophie de Condorcet, Letters on Sympathy, 1798
 Thomas Paine, Rights of Man, 1791
 Mary Wollstonecraft , A Vindication of the Rights of Women, 1792
 Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Foundations of the Science of Knowledge, 1794

Nineteenth-century philosophy [edit]

 Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Phenomenology of Spirit, 1807

 Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Science of Logic, 1812–1817
 Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, The Philosophy of Right, 1820
 Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, The Philosophy of History, printed 1837
 Arthur Schopenhauer, The World as Will and Representation, 1819–1859
 Auguste Comte, Course of Positive Philosophy, 1830–1842
 Søren Kierkegaard, Either/Or, 1843
 Søren Kierkegaard, Fear and Trembling, 1843
 Søren Kierkegaard, The Concept of Anxiety, 1844
 Søren Kierkegaard, Concluding Unscientific Postscript to Philosophical Fragments, 1846
 Max Stirner, The Ego and Its Own, 1844
 Karl Marx, The Communist Manifesto, 1848
 Karl Marx, Das Kapital, 1867–1894
 John Stuart Mill, On Liberty, 1859
 John Stuart Mill, Utilitarianism, 1861–1863
 John Stuart Mill, Harriet Taylor Mill, The Subjection of Women, 1869
 Herbert Spencer, System of Synthetic Philosophy, 1862–1892
 Henry Sidgwick, The Methods of Ethics, 1874
 Friedrich Nietzsche, Thus Spoke Zarathustra, 1883–1891
 Friedrich Nietzsche, Beyond Good and Evil, 1886
 Friedrich Nietzsche, On the Genealogy of Morals, 1887
 Henri Bergson, Time and Free Will, 1889
 Henri Bergson, Matter and Memory, 1896