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09 Plank Constant
09 Plank Constant
Submitted by Guided by
Student Name [ ]
Class With Section Teacher Name
Class Roll No. Designation
Board Roll No.
www.ammhu.com A categorized blogging website and an Online Resource Centre For CBSE, RBSE,
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AMMHU 2
INDEX
1. CERTIFICATE
2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
3. AIM
4. APPARATUS REQUIRED
5. PRINCIPLE / THEORY
(a) A Brief Introduction About Semiconductors
(b) A Brief Introduction About LEDs
(c) Principle Used For The Determination Of Plank’s
Constant
6. PROCEDURE
7. OBSERVATIONS With CALCULATIONS
8. RESULT
www.ammhu.com A categorized blogging website and an Online Resource Centre For CBSE, RBSE,
and Other State Boards — Raj Kumar Parashari, Head Science @ JPHS, Jaipur-302021
AMMHU 3
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that _______________________
student of ______ school name _______, class XII Sc
__ has carried out his work for the investigatory
project entitled ______________________-
_________________ under my guidance and
supervision.
www.ammhu.com A categorized blogging website and an Online Resource Centre For CBSE, RBSE,
and Other State Boards — Raj Kumar Parashari, Head Science @ JPHS, Jaipur-302021
AMMHU 4
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I __________________________________ a student of
____________________________________,_____________
_ would like to pay my sincere gratitude to my Physics
teacher Mr. __________________________ for helping and
guiding me throughout the completion of the project
report. I would like to thank Mr./Mrs. _______________
_______________________ our school principal/Director
for making school such a wonderful place of learning. I also
would like to thank Mr. ________________ our lab assistant
for the timely assistant in completion of the project.
www.ammhu.com A categorized blogging website and an Online Resource Centre For CBSE, RBSE,
and Other State Boards — Raj Kumar Parashari, Head Science @ JPHS, Jaipur-302021
AMMHU 5
AIM
To determine the value of Plank’s constant with the help of
LEDs of different colours
APPARATUS REQUIRED
Red, Blue and green LEDs at least one of each type, a
voltmeter, a rheostat, a battery and an ammeter.
THEORY
N-Type Semiconductors
The pentavalent impurity atoms substitute the tetravalent Si
(or Ge) atom. It uses 4 of its 5 valance electrons in forming
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and Other State Boards — Raj Kumar Parashari, Head Science @ JPHS, Jaipur-302021
AMMHU 7
P-Type Semiconductors
Such a semiconductor is obtained by doping the tetravalent
semiconductor Si (or Ge) with trivalent impurities such as B,
Al, Ga. The impurity uses its three valence electrons in
forming covalent bonds with three neighbouring Si atoms and
www.ammhu.com A categorized blogging website and an Online Resource Centre For CBSE, RBSE,
and Other State Boards — Raj Kumar Parashari, Head Science @ JPHS, Jaipur-302021
AMMHU 8
Doping
The process of deliberate addition of a desirable impurity to a
pure semiconductor so as to increase its conductivity is called
doping. The impurity atoms added are called dopants and the
semiconductors doped with impurity are called doped
semiconductors.
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AMMHU 9
P-N Junctions
It is a single crystal of Ge or Si doped in such a manner that
one portion of it is p-type semiconductor and other part as n-
type semiconductor.
We take thin p-type silicon semiconductor wafer and dope in
to it a small quality of penta-valent impurity. A part of the p-
type semiconductor is converted into n-type. The wafer now
contains p-region and n-region with metallurgical junction
www.ammhu.com A categorized blogging website and an Online Resource Centre For CBSE, RBSE,
and Other State Boards — Raj Kumar Parashari, Head Science @ JPHS, Jaipur-302021
AMMHU 10
www.ammhu.com A categorized blogging website and an Online Resource Centre For CBSE, RBSE,
and Other State Boards — Raj Kumar Parashari, Head Science @ JPHS, Jaipur-302021
AMMHU 11
OR
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and Other State Boards — Raj Kumar Parashari, Head Science @ JPHS, Jaipur-302021
AMMHU 14
Procedure :—
(i) Use the forward bias circuit with LED as PN diode.
(ii) Now increase potential across it gradually and record that
value of voltmeter for which LED starts glowing weakly /
ammeter gives some noticeable reading.
h
1.6 10 0.875 6.33 10 2.95 10
19 7
34
J s
3 10
8
www.ammhu.com A categorized blogging website and an Online Resource Centre For CBSE, RBSE,
and Other State Boards — Raj Kumar Parashari, Head Science @ JPHS, Jaipur-302021
AMMHU 17
h
J s
www.ammhu.com A categorized blogging website and an Online Resource Centre For CBSE, RBSE,
and Other State Boards — Raj Kumar Parashari, Head Science @ JPHS, Jaipur-302021
AMMHU 18
h
J s
Result-
The average value of Plank’s constant is ___________
Bibliography
1. NCERT
2. Google for searching circuits/images and graphs
3.
www.ammhu.com A categorized blogging website and an Online Resource Centre For CBSE, RBSE,
and Other State Boards — Raj Kumar Parashari, Head Science @ JPHS, Jaipur-302021
AMMHU 19
www.ammhu.com A categorized blogging website and an Online Resource Centre For CBSE, RBSE,
and Other State Boards — Raj Kumar Parashari, Head Science @ JPHS, Jaipur-302021