Republic of the Philippines

Commission on Higher Education

CONCEPCION HOLY CROSS COLLEGE INC.
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
First Semester 2022-2023

QUIAMBAO PATRICIA MAE M.

BSED ENGLISH – 3B
LITERARY CRITICISM
1. Post-structuralism and deconstruction and post modernism
 The 1960s and 1970s saw the emergence of the philosophical movement known
as post-structuralism in philosophy and the humanities. It contested the principles
of structuralism, which had previously dominated the study of economies and
cultures in the social sciences as well as the interpretation of language and
literature in the humanities.
 Deconstruction is a method of philosophical and literary study that challenges the
underlying conceptual oppositions and is mostly based on work done by French
philosopher Jacques Derrida in the 1960s.
 Skepticism toward the "great narratives" of modernism, antagonism to epistemic
certainty or stability of meaning, and stress on ideology as a strategy for
preserving political power are characteristics of postmodernism, an intellectual
attitude or manner of discourse.
2. New historicism and culturalism studies post colonial criticism.
 Literature should be researched and interpreted in the context of both the author's
and the critic's histories, according to the New Historicism literary theory.
 Post-colonialism is, in general, the study of how colonialism affected various
cultures and social systems. It is interested in how "Third World" cultures were
subjugated and ruled by European countries, as well as how those cultures have
since reacted to and resisted such incursions.
3. The Neo-Aristotelians believe that life, for the individual and for society, can get better.
The individual can achieve coherence, flourishing and wholeness. And so theoretically
can society. We can all join together in the search for the common good, and get closer to
it.

NEO-ARISTOTELIAN METHOD OF RHETORICAL CRITICISM

STEP 1: EVALUATE THE CONTEXT. RHETOR | Determine who created the artifact
you're evaluating.

STEP 2: APPLY THE CANONS. Review the artifact with strict focus on how the artifact
was created and how it was or is presented to the audience.
 Step 3: ANALYZE THE EFFECTS.

4. Feminist literary criticism is literary criticism informed by feminist theory, or more

broadly, by the politics of feminism. It uses the principles and ideology of feminism to
critique the language of literature. Feminist literary theory also suggests that the gender
of the reader often affects our response to a text. For example, feminist critics may claim
that certain male writers address their readers as if they were all men and exclude the
female reader.
5.
6. Gender studies and queer theory

 Gender Studies is dedicated to the study of feminine, masculine and LGBT

identity. An interdisciplinary approach is used for the study of gender and the
intersection of gender with other categories of identity such as ethnicity,
sexuality, class, and nationality.
 Queer Theory critically examines the way power works to institutionalize and
legitimate certain forms and expressions of sexuality and gender while
stigmatizing others. Queer Theory followed the emergence and popularity of Gay
and Lesbian (now, LGBT or Queer) Studies in the academy.

7. Eco - criticism is a broad way for literary and cultural scholars to investigate the global
ecological crisis through the intersection of literature, culture, and the physical
environment. Most of all, ecocriticism seeks to evaluate texts and ideas in terms of their
coherence and usefulness as responses to environmental crisis. Ecocriticism is against the
old established definition of nature. Therefore, ecocriticism puts forth the idea that man is
not master of the nature.

A great example of an ecocritical reading of Wordsworth's “I Wandered Lonely as a

Cloud” is Scott Hess's article “John Clare, William Wordsworth, and the (Un)Framing of
Nature.”

8. Critical race theory (CRT) is a cross-disciplinary examination, by social and civil-rights

scholars and activists, of how laws, social and political movements, and media shape, and
are shaped by, social conceptions of race and ethnicity.
The Five Tenets of CRT There are five major components or tenets of CRT:
(1) the notion that racism is ordinary and not aberrational;
(2) the idea of an interest convergence;
(3) the social construction of race;
(4) the idea of storytelling and counter-storytelling; and
 (5) the notion

9. Tone vs Mood Denotation vs Connotation Hermeneutic theory

 One word can have a both a “denotation” and a “connotation”. These are
called “figures of speech”. DENOTATION: The direct definition of the
word that you find in the dictionary. CONNOTATION: The emotional
suggestions of a word, that is not literal.
 The emotional suggestions of a word, that is not literal. It is Ferdinand de
Saussure who makes the important distinction between signifier and
signified of a sign (Saussure, 1915/1966), which incurs persistent and
diversified study on the structural characteristics of signs.
 Denotational theories of meaning are semantic frameworks which
conceptualize the meaning of words in terms of reference or denotation.
Such approaches often characterise the meaning of sentences in terms of
truth or truth conditions.
10. In literature, psychological fiction (also psychological realism) is a narrative genre
that emphasizes interior characterization and motivation to explore the spiritual,
emotional, and mental lives of the characters.

 Examples: Crime and Punishment by Fydor Dostoevsky and Henry James'

novels. These include The Turn of a Screw and The Portrait of a Lady.
Wharton's The Age of Innocence is also a good example.
 The theory of "psychological realism," influenced by American
pragmatism and phenomenology, has evolved from James Gibson's
ecological psychology of perception. Psychological realism analyzes the
interaction between persons and environments, each being defined only in
terms of the other.