CLASS – 8

CHAPTER 11: AI AND ROBOTICS

Q1. What is artificial intelligence?

Ans: The Science and Engineering of making intelligent
machines, especially intelligent Computer programs is
Artificial intelligence.
Q2. What can AI do?
Ans: AI Research has evolved multifield in the recent
times and it is used in robotics, control systems,
scheduling, planning, data mining, logistics, speech &
facial recognition etc.
Q3. How does an driverless car work?
Ans: Driverless robotic cars fitted with cameras, radar
and laser range finders to sense the environment and
software to command & control steering, brakes,
accelerator and also obey traffic rules.
Q4. What is robotics?
Ans: It is composed of Electrical Engineering,
Mechanical Engineering, and Computer Science for
designing, construction, and application of robots.
Q5. What is NLP?
Ans: It is the automatic understanding and manipulation
of natural languages like speech or text by a software.
Q6. What is machine learning?
Ans: Machine Learning is an AI technique that teaches
computers to learn from experience. Machine learning
algorithms use computational methods to “learn”
information directly from data without relying on a
predetermined equation as a model.
Q7. What is deep learning?
Ans: It drives many artificial intelligence (AI)
applications and services that improve automation,
performing analytical and physical tasks without human
intervention.
Q8. Explain the Gestation of AI.
Ans: The gestation of Artificial Intelligence started in
1950. Alan Turing in his article "Computing Machinery
and Intelligence" in 1950 introduced the Turing Test,
machine learning, genetic algorithms and
reinforcement learning.
Q9. What are the subjects associated with AI research?
Ans: Artificial Intelligence researchers took ideas, view
points and techniques from various fields like
philosophy, mathematics, economics, neuroscience,
psychology, computer engineering, cognitive science,
linguistics, operation research, control theory
probability and logic etc.
Q10. What is weak AI?
Ans: The Artificial Intelligence that focus only one
narrow task or specific problem is called weak Artificial
Intelligence. Example: Siri, Google Assistant are good
example of narrow Al.
Q1. What is Strong AI?
Ans: Strong Artificial Intelligence Hypothesis: The Al that
can understand or learn any problem as human being
can do, instead of specific problem is called strong Al. In
other words, the machines that can perform activities
just similar to humans without any external help is
called strong intelligent machines.
Q12. What are philosopher’s views on AI?
Ans: Philosophers have been trying to find the answers
to questions, will machines be able to act intelligently as
humans? and if they did, would they have real and
conscious mind? What will be the ethical implications of
intelligent machines?
Q13. Name some app which are used by us commonly
for natural language processing?
Ans. Some commonly used apps for natural language
processing are Siri, Alexa, Google Assistant etc.
Q14 . Who is considered as the father of Artificial
Intelligence?
Ans. John McCarthy is considered as the father of
artificial intelligence.
Q15. List any four fields where AI is being implemented
successfully.
Ans. Artificial Intelligence is being successfully
implemented in the following fields: i. Robotics vehicles
ii. Speech recognition iii. Game playing iv. Machine
vision v. Machine learning vi. Natural language
processing vii. Logistics planning viii. Machine
translation ix. Autonomous planning and scheduling