DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION / ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING

ACTION CONTAINDICATION RESPONSIBILITIES

GENERIC: INDICATIONs: CNS: Assess bowel pattern
Amoxicillin- Augmentin is Co-amoxiclav is indicated for the Nausea before and during
clavulanic acid bactericidal and treatment of the following Vomiting treatment as
works by infections due to susceptible strains Headache pseudomembranous
Brand: inhibiting he of sensitive organisms: colitis may occur.
Augmentin, synthesis of Lower respiratory tract infections –
Clavamox, bacterial cell bronchitis. Pneumonia, bronchiolitis. CV: Report hematuria or
Co-amoxiclav walls. Otitis media (middle ear infection) Chest pain oliguria high doses can
Sinusitis Palpitations be nephrotoxic.
CLASS: Amoxicillin Skin and skin structure infections – Assess respiratory
inhibits bacterial cellulitis (infection of the dermis and status. Observe for
THERAPEUTIC: cell wall subcutaneous tissue), erysipelas GI: anaphylaxis. Ensure
Broad- mucopeptide (inflammation of hair follicles, Diarrhea that the patient has
spectrum synthesis. furuncles (boils), carbuncles, Gas adequate fluid intake
antibiotic Clavulanic acid abscesses, impetigo (large vesicles Stomach pain during any diarrhea
inactivates a or honey-crusted sores), infected attack. Patient
PHARMACOLOGIC: wide range of ulcers, infected burns, and other. teaching If the patient
Beta-lactam beta lactam Urinary tract infection (UTI) – GU: develops a rash,
and antibiotics. infection of the kidneys, ureters, Vaginal yeast infection wheezing, itching,
Beta- lactamase bladder and urethra (for more (itching or discharge) fever or swelling in
inhibitors details read Augmentin for UTI the joints, this could
treatment) indicate an allergy and
CONTRAINDICATIONS: DERM: should be reported.
Hypersensitivity to the active Skin rash or itching Patients must ensure
substances, to any of the penicillin they take the full
or to any of the excipients. course of the
History of severe immediate medicine. The
hypersensitivity reaction (e.g. medicine must be
anaphylaxis) to another beta-lactam taken inequal doses
agent (e.g. a cephalosporin, around the clock to
carbapenem or monobactam). maintain level in the
History of jaundice/hepatic blood. If oral
impairment due to contraceptives are
amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. used, use alternative
contraception. Report
DRUG TO DRUG INTERACTION: diarrhea, cramping
 Oral anticoagulants and blood in stools as
Oral anticoagulants and penicillin pseudomembranous
antibiotics have been widely used in colitis may occur.
practice without reports of Nurses should refer to
interaction. However, in the manufacturer’s
literature there are cases of summary of product
increased international normalized characteristics and to
ratio in patients maintained on appropriate local
acenocoumarol or warfarin and guidelines
prescribed a course of amoxicillin.
Moreover, adjustments in the dose
of oral anticoagulants may be
necessary.
 Methotrexate
Penicillins may reduce the
excretion of methotrexate
causing a potential increase in
toxicity.
 Probenecid
Concomitant use of
probenecid is not
recommended. Probenecid
decreases the renal tubular
secretion of amoxicillin.
Concomitant use of
probenecid may result in
increased and prolonged
blood levels of amoxicillin
buy not of clavulanic acid.
 Mycophenolate mofetil
In patients receiving
mycophenolate mofetil,
reduction in pre-dose
concentration of the active
metabolite mycophenolic
acid of approximately 50%
has been reported following
commencement of oral
amoxicillin plus clavulanic
acid. The change in pre-dose
level may not accurately
represent changes in overall
MPA exposure.

DRUG TO FOOD INTERACTION:

Avoid co-administration of
antibiotics with milk products which
are rich sources of divalent ions,
such as calcium and magnesium that
complex with some antibiotics and
prevent their absorption.