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Glossary Neurosensory
Glossary Neurosensory
Glossary Neurosensory
system of numbers for indicating comparative size of the teeth.
Glossary
Child with Altered Neuro Functioning
1. Cranial Nerves:
Those nerves that emerge from, or enter, the cranium or skull, in contrast to the spinal ner
ves, which emerge from the spine or vertebral column. The twelve paired cranial nerves ar
e the olfactory, optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducent, facial, vestibulocochlea
r, glossopharyngeal, vagal, accessory, and hypoglossal nerves.
2. Spina Bifida:
Spina bifida is a serious birth abnormality in which the spinal cord is malformed and lacks i
ts usual protective skeletal and soft tissue coverings.
3. Hydrocephalus:
Hydrocephalus is an abnormal expansion of cavities (ventricles) within the brain that is cau
sed by the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid. Hydrocephalus comes from two Greek wor
ds: hydro means water and cephalus means head,There are two main varieties of hydroce
phalus: congenital and acquired. An obstruction of the cerebral aqueduct (aqueductal sten
osis) is the most frequent cause of congenital hydrocephalus. Acquired hydrocephalus may
result from spina bifida, intraventricular hemorrhage,meningitis head trauma, tumors, and
cysts.
4. Memory:
The mental faculty that enables one to retain and recall previously experienced sensations
, impressions, information, and ideas. The ability of the brain
to retain and to use knowledge gained from past experience is essential to the process of l
earning. Although the exact way in which the brain remembers is not completely understo
od, it is believed that a portion of the temporal lobe of the brain, lying in part under the te
mples, acts as a kind of memory center, drawing on memories stored in other parts of the
brain.
5. Stereognosis:
The ability to identify the shape, size and texture of objects by touch, without the benefit
of sight.
6. Graphesthesia:
Tactual ability to recognize writing on the skin.
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A system of numbers for indicating comparative size of the teeth.
7. Kinesthesia:
The sense that detects bodily position, weight, or movement of the muscles, tendons, and
joints.
8. Jitteriness:
the anxious feeling you have when you have the jitters.
9. Hemiplegia:
Paralysis affecting only one side of the body.
Percussion of the skull gives a cracked-pot sound in cases of hydrocephalus.
Commonly known as double vision, is the simultaneous perception
of two images of a single object that may be displaced horizontally, vertically, diagonally.
An abnormal type of breathing seen especially in comatose patients, characterized by alter
nating periods of shallow and deep breathing.
Neurology A graphic recording of minute electric currents produced by neuronal activity sc
alp electrodes, which is used to diagnose neurologic disorders and in neurophysiologic res
earch.
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A system of numbers for indicating comparative size of the teeth.
the use of a flickering light at various frequencies to influence the pattern of the occipital e
lectroencephalogram and also to activate latent abnormalities.
20. EKG
21. CT or MRI:
a noninvasive nuclear procedure for imaging tissues of high fat and water content that can
not be seen with other radiologic techniques. The MRI image gives information about the c
hemical makeup of tissues, thus making it possible to distinguish normal, cancerous, ather
osclerotic, and traumatized tissue masses in the image.
Dental assessment using transmitted light to produce a shadow of the root if the pulp is ne
crotic or has earlier been replaced by a filling material.
Neurogenic bladder due to complete transection of the spinal cord above the sacral segme
nts.
a urinary bladder disorder resulting from interruption of the reflex arc normally associated
with voiding urine; absence of bladder sensation and over-filling of the bladder and inabilit
y to urinate voluntarily.
26. Papilledema (or papilloedema):
27. Ataxia:
28. Battle Sign:
Physical exam Postauricular ecchymoses of the head & neck, especially over the mastoid b
one, a finding typical of basilar fracture of the skull
29. SIADH :
Syndrome of crocodile tears spontaneous lacrimation occurring parallel with the normal sa
livation of eating. It follows facial paralysis and seems to be due to straying of the regener
ating nerve fibers, some of those destined for the salivary glands going to the lacrimal glan
ds.
30. DI:
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A system of numbers for indicating comparative size of the teeth.
A scale for measuring level of consciousness, especially after a head injury, in which sc
oring is determined by three factors: the ability to open the eyes, verbal responsivenes
s, and motor responsiveness.
Meningitis is a serious inflammation of the meninges, the thin, membranous covering of th
e brain and the spinal cord. Meningitis is most commonly caused by infection.
In the supine position the patient can easily and completely extend the leg; in the sitting p
osture or when lying with the thigh flexed upon the abdomen the leg cannot be completel
y extended; it is a sign of meningitis.
in meningitis, bending the patient's neck usually produces flexion of the knee and hi
A seizure is a sudden disruption of the brain's normal electrical activity accompanied by alt
ered consciousness and/or other neurological and behavioral manifestations. Epilepsy is a
condition characterized by recurrent seizures that may include repetitive muscle jerking ca
lled convulsions.
38. Hypsarrythmia:
39. Myoclonic Seizures:
Seizure characterized by sudden, brief contractions of muscle fibers, muscles, or groups of
muscles.
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A system of numbers for indicating comparative size of the teeth.
A generalized seizure marked by transient loss of consciousness and the absence of co
nvulsions, occurring mostly in children.
One characterized by a sequence consisting of a tonic-clonic phase; when generalized,
constitutes what has been known as a "grand mal" seizure.