Al Muneer Fee Ahkamil Tajweed English Translation

Level 1 Tajweed
The following notes are a translation of chapters 1, 2 and 3 of the Arabic book Al-
Muneer fee Ahkamil Tajweed These notes may be used for noncommercial purposes only.
These notes may not be reproduced in any way or form for commercial purposes.
© GardensofArabic.com
Page 1
Level 1 Tajweed
Introduction to Tajweed
Definition
Linguistically: It means betterment. Applied definition: It is articulating every
letter from its articulation
point and giving the letter its rights and its dues of characteristics.
It is to know the rights of the letter (the characteristics of the letter that
never leaves it) and the dues of the letter (the letter‟s characteristics that are
present in it sometimes and leaves it sometimes). The science of tajweed is the
study in which one learns how to pronounce the letters with their characteristics
from their correct articulation points, knowing what rules apply to it, and how to
start reading a word, how to read it continually and how to stop at it.
History of Tajweed
The Quraan was revealed to the Prophet Muhammed ( َ َّ ٚ ٍَْٗ‫ ) ّصى ٗا ٌّ ػ ٍٍَُ ٍ ُ ٍَ ِ َع‬with tajweed.
During the time of the Prophet and his companions there was no such thing as
tajweed because that was how the Quraan was taught and recited. The Quraan scholars
used to teach their students the Quraan with complete tajweed. They used to recite
and their students would recite after them. The process was repeated as many times
as necessary until the student could read the Quraan perfectly. As the years went
by, more and more people entered into Islam, the scholars saw a need to study how
the Quraan was read and then come up with basic rules that can be applied to
ensuring its correct recitation. The first publication of tajweed appeared as an
independent science in its own right around the 4th century after hijra.
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Level 1 Tajweed
Ruling on Tajweed Two Sections to the science of tajweed
Theoretical
Studying the theoretical rules of tajweed, memorising them and understanding them.
Ruling: Fardh kifaya (group obligation – as long as there is a group of Muslims
studying the theoretical rules of tajweed, the obligation is lifted from the
Muslims)
Practical
Applying the theoretical rules of tajweed while reading the Quraan. Ruling: Fardh
ayan (individual obligation – it is an obligation on every single Muslims male and
female to learn to read the Quraan with proper tajweed.
Two ways to obtain the science of tajweed
Ar-Riwayiah
(Through narration) The sheikh reads and the Quraan and his student reads after
him, as many times as necessary until the student perfects his reading and becomes
a skilled reciter on his own right. OR The student reads in front of the sheikh and
the sheikh corrects him. AND preferably both methods combined together. But it is
feared for the student that he may start to forget the rules as time passes by.
Ad-Dirayiah
(Through studying) It is to study the rules theoretically then apply them
practically on the Quraan. If the reader then forgets some of the rules, he revises
the theory that he studied and tries to correct himself. BUT the student must also
read in front of a sheikh so that he reaches perfection in his recitation. This way
the student has combined between ad-dirayiah and ar-riwayiah .
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Level 1 Tajweed
Merits of Reciting the Quraan
The definition of the Quraan is: It is the words of Allaah that has been
ٍَْ ٌّ ‫) ّصى ٗا‬, that has ٍَُ َ ٗ ٍَ ُ ٍ ٍَ reached us through many

revealed to the Prophet Muhammed ( َ ّ‫ع‬ٚ ِ ‫ػ‬
reciters, its recitation is worship and it has challenged mankind to produce a
surah like its smallest surah.
So reciting Quraan is a way of getting closer to Allah. We have been ordered to

read Quraan in a number of ayah in the Quraan. Some of which are: Recite what is
sent of the Book by inspiration to thee, and establish regular Prayer: for Prayer
restrains from shameful and unjust deeds; and remembrance of Allah is the greatest
(thing in life) without doubt. And Allah knows the (deeds) that ye do. [Al-Ankaboot
: 45]
… read ye, therefore, of the Quraan as much as may be easy for you [Al-Muzzammil :
20]
As for the reward, the ayah in the Quraan are many, here is one of them: Those who
rehearse the Book of Allah, establish regular Prayer, and spend (in Charity) out of
what We have provided for them, secretly and openly, hope for a commerce that will
never fail: For He will pay them their wages, nay, He will give them (even) more
out of His Bounty: for He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Ready to appreciate (service).
[Faatir : 29 – 30]
There are also many ahaadeeth (narrations of the Prophet ( ِ ٍَْ‫ع‬ٚ ) ) ّ َ َ ٍَُ ٍَ ٍ ُ ٍَ ٗ ‫صى ٗا ٌّ ػ‬that
ّ
encourage reading and studying the Quraan.
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Level 1 Tajweed
Al-Lahin
Definition
Applied definition: It is the mistake and deviation from the correct way
of reading.
Types of Al-Lahin
There are two types of mistakes that can be made when reading the Quraan:
Al-Lahin Al-Khafee
(Hidden mistakes)
They are mistakes that the reader makes in the rules of tajweed. Such mistakes do
not change the meaning of the words, however, one will be hold accountable if they
miss out a rule knowingly. Such mistakes will only be picked up by those who have
learned tajweed. There are two grades to such mistakes: Grade 1 : obvious tajweed
mistakes that would be known to those knowledgeable in reading the Quraan with
tajweed such as missing out the idgham rule or leaving the ghunnah or medd . Grade
2 : Detailed mistakes that would only be known to those skilled in reading the
Quraan. Such as not pronouncing the ghunnah or tafkheem long enough or unwanted
repetition of the letter ( ‫) س‬. Also falls into this category not pronouncing the
dhammah correctly (in that the lips are not circled). This is especially obvious in
ٍ ، ‫ ) ٔأ ُز‬. Also not pronouncing the ُ ُ ُ kasrah correctly,
the following words: ( ً‫ ل‬، ‫ػ ُى‬
and this especially obvious in the following words: ( ٗ‫ ث‬، ‫ػ‬ ٍٍُٙ ) . ِ ِ َ
Islamic Ruling on Al-Lahin Al-Khafee

It is disliked and some say it is forbidden because the Quraan is not being read
how it should be. However, it ruling can be divided into two grades: 1. Haraam
(forbidden) if an obvious rule is not applied. 2. Makrooh (disliked) if a detailed
rule is not applied.
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Tajweed Level 1
Al-Lahin Al-Jelli (Obvious Mistakes)

It is a mistake that one makes when pronouncing a word. This type of mistake
effects the accuracy of the reading, even if the mistake does not change the
meaning of the word. It is therefore haraam (forbidden) to make such a mistake, and
the reader will be sinful. The following are examples of al-lahin al-jelli :
Pronouncing a letter incorrectly – such as pronouncing the ‫ غ‬as ‫ د‬. E.g.: ( )
ٛ ٘ ‫ا‬or the ‫ ء‬as ‫ ع‬such as ( ‫ا‬ٛ ‫ ) ءِٕا‬. Pronouncing a vowel incorrectly – such as reading
‫جطا‬
( ‫عظ ُ أصذلذ‬ ٕٕ ) ‫لبي‬as ( ‫عظش‬ ٕٕ ) or ( َ َّ ْٔ‫ ) أ‬as ( ُ َ َ ْٔ‫ ) أ ش ْ ؼ ْذ ّؼذ‬. Extending the pronunciation
of a vowel so that a medd letter pronounced instead of the vowel – such as reading
( ًُ ) as ( ُ ٛ‫ ) ل‬or ( ‫ )َ ثه‬as ( ‫ ) ساثه ل ي س‬. Shortening the pronunciation of a medd
letter so that it is read as a vowel– such as reading ( ْٛ‫ِخزف‬ ٍ ٗ ُ٘ ‫ ) اٌزي‬as ( ْٛ ‫ف‬
ٍ ‫ف‬ ٍ ٗ ُ٘ ِ ٌ ‫) ا‬
‫ِخزف‬ٍ or ( ٍّْٛ‫ ) وال عٍ ؼ‬as ( ٍّْٛ‫ ) ً و َ عٍ ؼ ز‬. Not reading the letter with a ( ّ shaddah) long
enough – such as reading ( ‫ ) إ ّبن ٔؼجذ‬as ( ‫ ) إ َبن‬or ( ‫اع سثه‬ ُ ) ‫ع ّخ ٌ ِ ٌ ج‬as ( ‫اع سثه‬ ُ ‫ ) ع ِخ‬.
‫ ج‬Reading the letter with a ( ّ shaddah) when there is no shaddah – such as reading
( ‫ػ ى‬ٛ‫ٓ ٌّٕاف‬ٙ‫ اٌججبي وبٌؼ‬ُْٛ ‫ر‬ٚ) as ( ‫ػ‬ٛ‫ٓ ٌّٕاف‬ٙ‫ اٌججبي وبٌؼ‬ّْٛ ‫ر‬ٚ ) or ( ٍٗ‫ب الغ‬ٙ‫غغ ٍف‬
ّ ‫ ) ال ر‬as ( ‫ب الغ‬ٙ‫غغ ٍف‬ ّ ‫ ) ر‬. ّٗ ‫ٍ ال ى‬
Missing the pronouncing of a letter or a word or adding an extra letter or a word –
such as reading ( ‫طؼب اٌّغى‬ َ ‫ػى‬ ٍ ‫ال ٍٓ )ٌ ذط‬ٚas ( ٍٓ‫طؼب اٌّغى‬
َ ‫ػى‬ ٍ ‫ ) ال ٌذط‬or ( ْ‫ٌٍّ زمٓ ِفبصا‬
ٍ ) ‫إ‬as ( ‫ٌٍّزم‬ ٍٓ ‫ْإ‬ٚ ) .
‫ ِفبصا‬Not pronouncing the ‫ اي‬in the moon letters – such as not pronouncing ‫ اي‬in ( )
‫ا ٌ ٕجخ‬or ( ًّ‫ ) اٌج‬.
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Tajweed Level 1
Manners of Reciting Quraan

1. It is preferred for the reciter to have wudu and recite in a clean place,
wearing clean clothes with their awra covered. 2. It is sunnah to clean ones teeth
with the miswak, as the words and letters of the Quraan come out of the mouth.
Also, using the miswak is pleasing to Allaah and glorifying the Quraan. It was
narrated that Ali (radiya allahu anh) used to encourage others to use the miswak
and said: “When a man stands to pray the angel keeps getting close to the reciter
listening to him reciting the Quraan, until his mouth is on the mouth of the
reciter, and every verse recited goes into the angel‟s mouth.” 3. It is preferred
that the reciter chooses a place away from distractions, so that he can concentrate
and ponder on what he is reciting.
Manners to be Observed During Recitation

1. Seeking refuge in Allah from shaitaan: When thou dost read the Quraan, seek
Allah‟s protection from Satan the rejected one [An-Nahl: 96].
2. To be careful with and to pay attention to the tajweed and the grammatical rules
as Allah says: Or a little more; and recite the Quraan in slow, measured rhythmic
tones. [Al-Muzzammil: 4].
3. To contemplate and ponder on the meaning of the verses they recite and Allah has
ordered this in a number of places in the Quraan: (Here is) a Book which We have
sent down unto thee, full of blessings, that they may mediate on its Signs, and
that men of understanding may receive admonition [Saad:29].
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Tajweed Level 1
4. To implement what they recite in the Quraan, that is to say subhana Allah when
an order for tasbeeh is made, or seeking for forgiveness when the reciter comes
across an order to beg for forgiveness, or ask for jennah when it is mentioned or
seek refuge from hell fire when it is mentioned. 5. To do the prostration of
tilawah when the reciter comes across an order for prostration. 6. He should
perfect his voice when reading. The more a person recites Quraan out loud the more
the voice automatically improves. 7. Should pay attention to the levels of
recitation (at-tahqeeq, alhadr and at-tadweer), taking care of implementing the
grammatical and tajweed rules correctly within that level. 8. To read suratul
fatiha and the first five ayaat from Suratul Baqarah when they complete reciting
the Quraan, as well as making a dua as this dua is acceptable.
General Manners regarding Recitation

The reciter of the Quraan should: 1. Implement what rules he comes cross, and have
the character of the Quraan. 2. Maintain the characteristics of the people of the
Quraan, by making lots of dhikr (remembrance of Allah), contemplating, less idle
chatting, and to persist in worship and obedience to Allah. 3. Ensure that they
teach the Quraan and convey its ayaat to other people as the Prophet ( َ َّ ٚ ٍَْٗ ٌّ ٗ‫) ّصى ا‬
‫ػ‬said: “convey about me ٍُ‫ ٍٍَ ُ ٍَ ِ َ ع‬even if it just one ayah”. 4. Strive to perfect their
reading. It has been narrated that Imam Shafie may Allah have mercy on him said:
“Whenever a person learns a science he should excel in learning it”. 5. Set aside a
certain amount of the Quraan to be read on a daily basis. This amount should be at
least one juzz so that the
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Tajweed Level 1
recitation of the Quraan is completed at least once a once, however more often
would be better. 6. Get up for tahajud (night prayer) to recite a set portion of
the Quraan and to maintain this sunnah. If he misses reciting his portion of the
Quraan in the night then he should make it up between sunrise and noon. 7. Maintain
revising what has been memorized and be careful not to forget it. 8. Keep his
stomach free from haraam food, his tongue from idle chat, his hands from dealing
with haraam and his legs from striving towards haraam.
Pillars of Recitation
There are three pillars that must be fulfilled for the recitation to be correct and
accepted. If the reciter falls short of one of these pillars then his recitation
will be odd and rejected. Pillar One: The Quraan read must be in Arabic, since the
Quraan has been revealed in Arabic. Every word in the Quraan is an Arabic word,
there are no non Arabic words in it. Pillar Two: The Quraan script must agree with
what was in the Othmaan script, which is the script that has been written during
the time of Othman Bin Affan. Pillar Three: The Quraan that one reads must have
reached us though the well known correct line of narration. That is it must have
reached us through many reciters, and a well known chain of narrators. Many
scholars have considered some recitations as odd because it reached them through
incorrect chain of narrators (even though it was in classical Arabic and in
agreement with the Othman script).
The Hafs An Assim Chain of narration

This is the chain through which this Quraanic recitation has reached us. Assim Ibn
Abi An-Njood was the leading reciter in the mosque of Abi Abdur Rahman As-Sulamee
in the Al-Kufah city in Iraq. Then he became the Imam of that mosque and the leader
in recitation. The people learnt
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Tajweed Level 1
the recitation from him. He used to recite the Quraan just like his predecessors
did, not differing from them. He was very eloquent in Arabic, accurate in his
recitation and tajweed rules. His voice was amongst the best in recitation. As for
Hafs, he is Ibn Sulaiman Ibn Al-Mugheerah Al-Asadee AlGhadhree. He learnt the Qurn
from the Assim. He recited the Quraan in front of Assim and listened to his
recitation.
Levels of Reading Quraan

There are three speeds (levels) of reading the Quraan: At-tahqeeq – It is reading
the Quraan slowly, perfectly with sincerity, while contemplating over the meanings,
fulfilling the full rights of the letters without falling short or exceeding their
limits. It is giving each letter its rights as to characteristics, articulation
points, lengthening the letters of medd when lengthening is due and shortening when
shortening is due. It is also to recite the heavy letters heavy and the light
letters light. This is the best level of reading. At-tahqeeq comes from the meaning
“I have achieved this thing” – ie I have known it and perfected it. This is the
learners level.
At-Tarteel – This is the same speed of reading Quraan as at-tahqeeq
level except that it for those who have perfected their recitation. This is the
teachers level. Some scholars have considered at-tarteel as a separate level while
others put it under at-tahqeeq level.
Al-Hadr – It is a swift method of reading the Quraan, taking care of the

tajweed rules. The reader must be careful not to shorten the ghunnah or the medd
letters, and not to fall short in the correct way of pronouncing the vowels. Al-
hadr comes from the meaning of falling from the top to the bottom.
At-Tadweer – It is reading at an intermediate level between at-tahqeeq and al-hadr

whilst maintaining the rules of tajweed.
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Tajweed Level 1
‫اإلظزعب َح‬
ْ ( ‫اإلظزعب َح َِ ذ‬Al-Isti‟atha)
ْ Linguistically : It means seeking refuge and ‫َِ ذ‬
protection.
Applied Definition: It means seeking refuge and protection with Allah from shaitaan
when intending to read the Quran.
How to Say Al-Isti‟atha

(
The way to say Al-Isti‟atha as chosen by the ten Quran recitors is:
ُ ‫ َب ِ ا ٌ َج‬١َْ ٌ ‫ِب ِ ِ َ ا‬ ٗ
ٌ ٍ ‫ذ‬ُٛ ‫أ‬١ِ ِ ‫َع ث ّ ِٓ ّش ط ْ س‬
] 89 : ً‫[ ذ‬ ‫ٌٕا‬
) and it is taken from the Quran:
ُ ‫ َب ِ ا ٌ َج‬١َْ ٌ ‫ِب ِ َ ا‬
ٌ ٍِٗ ‫َعر‬ ْ َ ‫فإ َا َ َأد ا ْ ٌ ُْسآ‬١ِ ِ ‫َِذ لس ْ َ م ْ ف ز ِ ث ّ ِٓ ّش ط ْ س‬
ْ ‫َبظ‬
“When thou dost read the Qur‟an, seek Allah‟s protection from Satan the rejected
one” [Suratul Nahl: 96]. This was how the prophet used to say al-isti‟atha , hence
it is the best chosen way of saying it. There are however other ways of saying al-
isti‟atha as was reported by other Quran recitors. Some well known methods:
ٍ ‫ِب ِ ا ٌ ٍَّ ُ ا ٌ ٍَُِ ِ َ ا ٌ ٍَ َب ِ ا ٌ َج أػ ر ث ّٗ غ غ‬

) ٍٍَُِ ٌ‫ؼ ِٓ ّش ْط ْ ش‬ ٗ
ٌ ٍ ُ ُٛ َ )ٍُِ ) ‫غ ُ ا غ ؼ ٘ ْ أػ ر ث ّ ِٓ ّش ْط ْ ش‬ ٍَّ ٌ ‫ ا‬ُٛ ‫ِب ِ ِ َ ا ٌ ٍَ َب ِ ا ٌ ٍَُِج إ َ اهلل‬
ٌ ٍ ُ ُٛ َ )
ٗ ٌ ٌ ٌ ٌ ٌ ٗ
‫غ ُ ا ٍٍَُِ َِٓ ا ٍَ َب ِ ا َج غ ؼ ِ ّش ْط ْ ش ِ أػ ر ث ّ ؼ‬ ٍَّ ‫ِب ِ ا ٍ َُظ ا‬ ٌ ٍ ُ ُٛ َ )ٍُِ ) ‫ِب ِ ا ٌ ٍَُظ ِ َ ا ٌ ٍَ َب ِ ا َج أػ ر ث ّ ؼ ِ ِٓ ّش ْط ْ ش‬
ٌ ٌ ٍ ُ ُٛ َ )ٍُِ )
The Ruling Regarding Al-Isti‟atha
There is consensus amongst the scholars that ‫ اإل ْزؼب َح‬is not part of the ‫ ِع َ ر‬Quran
but it is required when wanting to recite Quran as mentioned in Suratul Nahl.
However, the scholars differed in regards to it being obligatory or recommended.
First Opinion: recommended
Tajweed Level 1
Most of the scholars and recitors are of the opinion that the ayah in
suratul Nahl recommends saying ‫ اإل ْزؼب َح‬and this is the preferred ‫ِع َ ر‬
opinion. Also the prophet sometimes did not say
‫اإلعزؼب َح َِر‬
ْ .
Second Opinion: obligatory This is the opinion of Ataa and Ath-Thawree and others.
Their evidence is that seeking refuge was mentioned in the form of an order which
makes it an obligation to say ‫ اإل ْزؼب َح‬. Also because the prophet was consistent in
‫ ِع َ ر‬saying it, and because it protects the reader from shaitan which is an
obligation.
When to say ‫اإلعزؼب َح َِر‬

ْ
ْ
should be said before starting to read Quran, i.e. when intending to read. This is
because reading Quran is one of the greatest forms of worship and shaitan would try
its best efforts to stop the reader. Also, Allah has ordered the recitor to repel
shaitan while He is listening to His servant calling onto Him through His words.
There are however, other times when ‫ اإل ْزؼب َح‬should be said to be ‫ ِع َ ر‬protected
from shaitan, other than when intending to read Quran. It is the opinion of most of
the scholars that ‫ اإل ْزؼب َح‬should be said ‫ ِع َ ر‬before reciting Quran. This was the
sunnah of the prophet. Also, the meaning of ‫ اإل ْزؼب َح‬indicates that it should be
said before beginning to ‫ ِع َ ر‬read because:     it purifies the tongue from idle
chat and foul talk; It gets the tongue ready to read Allah‟s words; It is a
protection with Allaah from any mistakes that could be made during recitation; It
is a way of the servant admitting his weakness in front of this internal enemy and
that he cannot protect himself from it, and only Allaah can protect him from it.
When To Say ‫اإلظزعب َح‬

ْ Out Loud ‫َِ ذ‬
It is recommended to say
ْ
out loud in the following situations:
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Tajweed Level 1
1) If the recitor is about to read out loud and others are present who will hear
his recitation. This is because saying ‫ اإل ْزؼب َح ِع َ ر‬out loud is a sign that
recitation of the Quran is about to begin which is a call to listen. If the recitor
says ‫ اإل ْزؼب َح‬silently ‫ ِع َ ر‬those present would have missed some of what was recited
by the time they paid attention. However during the prayer ‫اإلعزؼب َح‬ ْ should be said
silently because ‫ َِر‬the followers are in a state of listening from the beginning of
the prayer. 2) If the reading is done by turn (as in a classroom situation), the
first reader says
Benefits of Saying ‫اإلظزعب َح‬

ْ Out Loud ‫َِ ذ‬
 An indication that recitation is due to commence;  The readers heart is readed
for contemplation;  To bring the attention of those present;  To push away
shaitan and his whispering and bad thoughts.
ْ
silently.
out loud and the others do it
When To Say ‫اإلظزعب َح‬

ْ Silently ‫َِ ذ‬
It is recommended to say
ْ
silently when:
1) The reader is reading silently; 2) The reader is alone whether he is reading

silently or out loud; 3) If the reading is done by turn (as in a classroom
situation), and the reader is not the first one to read. 4) The reader is praying
whether in the silent or out loud prayer and whether he is the imam or the one
being lead.
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Tajweed Level 1
Repeating ‫اإلعزؼب َح َِر‬

ْ
If the reader for some reason has to stop reading then wanted to resume reading
should he repeat saying ‫ ? اإل ْزؼب َح‬If the reader had to stop ‫ ِع َ ر‬reading then they
should do one of three things: 1) If the reader had to stop reading due to other
matters concerning the Quran such as looking up the meaning of a word or verse or
having to do the 2) If the reader had to stop reading due to a necessity such as
coughing or sneezing or forgetfulness……. (Providing that the pause is not left too
long before resuming reading otherwise one should repeat
There will be no need to repeat saying
prostration of tilawah or to be
corrected or to clarify a ruling ……..
ْ .
ْ ).
3) If the reader had to stop reading due to other matters outside the Quran such as
saying salam or speaking with others then ‫ اإل ْزؼب َح ِع َ ر‬should be repeated.
Ways of Seeking Refuge When Starting Recitation With The Beginning Of A Surah Or At
Any Later Place
The reader can say later place.
‫اإلع ِ َب َح زؼ ر‬
ْ
at the beginning of the Surah or at any
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Tajweed Level 1
Ways of Saying ‫اإلعزؼب َح‬

ْ At The Beginning of the Surah ‫َِر‬
‫ع‬١َّ ٌ ‫ لطع ا‬Cutting ِ‫َ ج‬
all three off from each other.
Meaning seeking refuge, stopping, saying the basmalah, stopping, then starting the
surah.
‫ع ِج‬١َّ ٌ ‫ص ا‬ًْٚ َ
Joining all three with each other. Seeking refuge, saying the basmalah, and
starting the surah all in one breath without stopping. All the recitors have a
consensuses that there are four ways of saying ‫ اإل ْزؼب َح‬if ‫ ِع َ ر‬one started the
recitation at the beginning of the Surah , except Surah Tauba (also known as
Bara‟a):
ٟٔ ٌ ‫ َص ا‬ٚ ُ َ ‫ي ُ َْطع األ‬ٚ ُ ‫ٌ ل‬

ً ٚ ‫ثب ثبٌثب ِش‬
Joining the Basmalah with the beginning of the Surah This means seeking refuge,
then stopping, then saying the basmalah and the beginning of the surah in one
breath.
‫ي‬ٚ ً ٚ ‫ َط ُ اٌثب ِش ٌ ل ع‬ٚ ‫ثب‬

ٟٔ ٌ ‫َْص ُ األ َ ُ ثب‬
Joining seeking refuge with the Basmalah This means the seeking refuge and the
basmalah are joined with one breath, then the reader stops then starts the surah.
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Tajweed Level 1
Ways of Saying ‫اإلعزؼب َح‬

ْ At A Later Place After the ‫ َِر‬Beginning
If the recitor started reading at any place other than the beginning, even if it is
one word after the beginning, the reader has a choice either to say the basmalah or
to leave it out, though saying is better. If the reader chose to say the basmalah
then he has to follow the four ways of saying ‫اإلعزؼب َح‬ ْ as detailed above. ‫ َِر‬If the
reader chose not to say the basmalah then he has two choices: 1) Joining seeking
refuge with the first verse to be read in one breath; OR 2) Seeking refuge,
stopping, then reading the first verse to be read. As for surah At-Taubah , if the
reader started at any place other than at the beginning, then they have the choice
to either say the basmalah or not.
NOTE ONE:
If the first verse that is to start reading from begins with the name or one of the
attributes of Allaah or with a preposition referring to Him, such as the following
verses: ] 752 : ‫[ اٌجمشح‬
ْ‫ َر‬ٌَٟ ّٗ ٓ ِٕ ‫ا‬ُٛ َ ‫ َ آ‬٠ِ ٌ ‫ ِ ُ ا‬ٚ ُ ٌ ٍ‫ا‬
“ Allah is the Protector of those who have faith:” [Surah Al-Baqarah: 257] ] 5 : ٗ
‫[ ط‬
َٜ َ ْ‫س ْ َٓ ٍَ ع غ ز‬ٛ ‫ع ا ْ ٌ َْس ِ اظ‬َٝ ُ ‫ا ٌ َّح‬
“ (Allah) Most Gracious is firmly established on the throne (of authority). “

[Surah Taha: 5] ] 72 : ‫فصذ‬
ٍ [
‫ ِ ُس ُ ٍ ْع ُ ا ٌ َبع‬١ ‫ َّد ِ ُ ع َخ ِ ٌَإ‬٠ ْٗ ِ
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Tajweed Level 1
“ To Him is referred the Knowledge of the Hour (of Judgment: He knows all): “
[Surah Fussilat: 47] Then the reader has two choices: 1) Seeking refuge, stopping,
then reading the verse because seeking refuge and starting to read with such a
verse gives an ugly joining and corrupts the meaning; 2) Seeking refuge and then
saying the basmalah .
NOTE TWO:
If the first verse that is to be read from begins with the name of shaitan or with
a preposition referring to him, such as the following verses: ] 268 : ‫[ اٌجمشح‬
‫ َب ُ َع ُ ُ ا ْ ٌ َم‬١َْ ٌ ‫ ِدو ُ ف س َ ْا‬٠ ْ ‫ّش ط‬
“ The Evil one threatens you with poverty ” [Surah Al-Baqarah: 268] ] 119 : ‫[ ٌٕاعبء‬
“ Allah did curse him “ [Surah An-Nisa : 118] Then its is preferred for the reader
not to say the basmalah or saying the basmalah, stopping, then reading the verse.
ّٗ َٗ ٌ ُ ٌٍ‫ََٕع ُ ا‬
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Tajweed Level 1
Al-Basmalah
Definition
Al-basmalah means saying (
ْ ١ِ ِ ‫ِ ُ ّٗ س ـٓ س‬
ُ ‫ثع ِ اٍ ٌ ِ ا ٌ ََّْح ِ ا ٌ َح‬
).
Is Al-Basmalah A Verse Of The Quraan?  The scholars have the consensus that al-
basmalah is part of a
verse in the following: ] 03 : ًٌّٕ‫[ ا‬
ْ ُ َِٔ َ ‫ َب‬١‫ِٔإ ُ ِٓ ٍَظ‬١ِ ِ ‫إ َٗ ِ ُ َ ِ س ْ َ ِ س‬ٚ ْ ّْ ُ ِ َٗ

ُ ‫ثع ِ اٍٗ ٌ ا ٌ َّحٓ ا ٌ َح‬
"It is from Solomon, and is (as follows): „In the name of Allah, Most Gracious,
Most Merciful: ” [Suratun Naml: 30].
 However, the scholars have differed to whether it is the first

count :
verse of suratul Fatiha or not. The scholars of Kufa and Mecca
al-basmalah as a verse of suratul Fatiha and so they count

as part of the seventh verse.
ُِْ ‫ ٍَ صس ط َ ٓ ع ذ‬ٙ ‫ َ َٔأ َّ َ ع‬٠‫ ِ َا َ ا ٌ ِر‬١َ
As for the scholars from Basra, Madina and Bilad Ash-sham (Syria, Jordan,
Palestine), they do not count al-basmalah as a verse of Suratul Fatiha and so they
count:
ُِْ ‫ ٍَ صس ط َ ٓ ع‬ٙ ‫ َ َٔأ َّ َذ ع‬٠‫ ِ َا َ ا ٌ ِر‬١َ
As the sixth verse.
As for us, those who follow the narration of Hafs An Asim , we follow the scholars
of Kufa and Mecca and therefore consider albasmalah the first verse of suratul
Fatiha .
 As for the four schools of thought:
Hanafee And Hanbelee Schools of thought: They do not count al-basmalah as a verse
of suratul Fatiha nor of every surah.
Rather they consider it as one verse that been sent down to separate the surahs of
the Quraan and was mentioned in the beginning of suratul Fatiha. Their evidence is
the hadeeth which says:
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Tajweed Level 1
Muslim reports from Abu Hurayrah (radiya allahu anhu) who said that the Messenger
ٍَْ ٌّ ‫ ) ّصى ٗا‬said, ٍَُ َ ٗ ٍَ ُ ٍ ٍَ
of Allaah ( َ ّ‫ع‬ٚ ِ ‫ػ‬
Allaah, the Glorious and Exalted said, “I have divided the prayer between Myself
and my servant equally and My servant shall be granted what he asked for.”
Therefore when the servant says, „all
praises and thanks are due to Allaah, the Lord of the universe‟, Allaah says, „My
servant has praised Me.‟ When he says, „the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful,‟
Allaah says, „My servant has extolled Me.‟ When he says, „Master of the Day of
Judgment,‟ Allaah says, „My servant has glorified Me.‟ When he says, „You Alone we
worship and Your aid Alone do we seek for help,‟
Allaah says, „this is between Me and My servant and My servant shall have what he
requested.‟ When he says, „guide us to the
Straight Path, the Path of those whom You have favoured, not of those who have
incurred [Your] wrath, neither of those who have gone astray,‟ Allaah says, „this
is for My servant and My servant shall have what he asked for.‟ [Saheeh Muslim
[Eng. Trans. 1/215 no. 775]] They say that if al-basmalah the first verse of
suratul Fatiha the hadeeth would have started suratul Fatiha with it. Also the
salef (predecessors) have agreed that suratul Kauther is made up of three verses.
That is three verses without al-basmalah. Hence albasmalah is not a verse of every
surah.
Shafee School of thought: al-basmalah is a complete verse of suratul Fatiha and of

every surah . Another narration for Shafee and Ahmad schools of thought is that al-
basmalah is a verse of suratul Fatiha only.
However, all schools of thought agree that whoever does not consider albasmalah as
the first verse of every surah is not a disbeliever, due to the differences
mentioned above.
The Ruling Regarding al-basmalah When Reading From the Beginning Of A Surah
All the scholars of recitation agree that those professional reciters should start
a surah with al-basmalah because they have learnt the Quraan from their teachers
through narration. So they should read as
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Tajweed Level 1
they have been taught (i.e. with al-basmalah). But al-basmalah should be left out
when reading surat At-Taubah from the beginning.
The Ruling Regarding al-basmalah When Reading From Any Place Other Than The
Beginning Of A Surah
“From any place other than the beginning of surah” means not from the first word of
the first verse, but from the second word of the first word onwards. Here the
reciter has choice s to whether to start with albasmalah or not, though starting
with it is preferred because of its merits and the reward one would get. The same
applies to surat AtTaubah , though some scholars are of the opinion that al-
basmalah should not be said even when starting to read surat At-Taubah any place
other than the beginning.
The Ruling Regarding Al-Basmalah Between Two Surahs
“Between two surahs” means finishing the recitation of one surah and continuing to
read the next surah.
‫ع‬١َّ ٌ ‫ لطع ا‬Cutting ِ‫َ ج‬
all Here the reader has a choice of 3 ways with al-basmalah :
three off from each other. Meaning stopping at the last surah, then saying al-
basmalah then stopping, then starting the surah.
ٟٔ‫ ل ُ َي ثبٌثب ِش‬ٚ ُ ‫ ًَْص اٌثب‬ٚ ُ ‫األ‬

ٚ ‫َطع‬Joining the ٌ
begning of the
Basmalah with the Surah
Ending the last surah, stopping, then saying the al-
basmalah and the

beginning of the surah in one breath.
‫ع‬١َّ ٌ ‫ص ا‬ًْٚ Joining ِ‫َ ج‬
all three with each other.
Ending the last surah, Saying al-basmalah and starting the next surah all in one
breath without stopping.
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Tajweed Level 1
NOTE: 
The reader cannot finishing reading the last surah and then read
al-basmalahin one breath, then stop and then start the next surah. This is because
al-basmalahis said at the beginning of
the surah and not at the end.
The above mentioned 3 ways are permissible for ending the recitation of one surah
and beginning another, whether the two surahs are consequent such as surat Al-Imran
followed by Surat An-Nisa, or not consequent such as Surat Al-Fatiha and then
reading surat Yasin. If the two surahs being read are not in order such as reading
Surat Al-Mulk and then Surah Yasin , then only two ways are allowed: Cutting all
three off each other and joining al-
basmalahwith the beginning of the next surah.

As for Surat At-Taubh, the following applies:
If the the surah that has been read is before surat AtTaubah then the reader wants
to read Surat At-Taubh, one of the following ways should be adopted: First Way: To
stop t the end of the last surah before Surat At-Taubh, then take a breath with the
intention of continuing the recitation. Then strating with Surat AtTaubh. It is
also possible to stop with one of the following methods where applicable: as-sukoon
al-mahidh, ar-rawm or ishmaam (all will be studied later on so don‟t worry about
what they are now). Second Way: As-Sakit : Stop at the end of the last surah for a
few seconds without taking a breath, then start Surat At-Taubh. It is also possible
to stop with one of the following methods where applicable: as-sukoon al-mahidh,
arrawm or ishmaam (all will be studied later on so don‟t worry about what they are
now). Third Way: Joining the previous surah with Surat AtTaubh, without a pause and
applying the iglb rule between
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Tajweed Level 1
the end of the last surah and the beginning of Surat At-
Taubh.
If the the surah that has been read is after surat AtTaubah (according to the order
of the surahs in the Quraan) then the reader wants to read Surat At-Taubh, one way
applies here. To finish the last surah, then stopping, then start reading Surat At-
Taubh, without saying
basmalah. It is not permissible to join the two surahs no
al-
is it to apply the second way mentioned above (as-sakit). If the reader wanted to
read Surat At-Taubh, a number of times then he should not join it with its
beginning nor should he apply as-sakit.
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Tajweed Level 1
Exercise 1
1) Put ( √ ) or ( X ) in front of the following sentences, correcting those
sentences that are wrong: a) Al-Lahin is the mistake and deviation from the correct
way of reading( ) b) The ruling on al-lahin al-khafee is haraam (forbidden) while
it is makrooh (disliked) for al-lahin al-jellie ( )
c) An example of grade 1 of al-lahin al-khafee is missing out the ghunnah or not

applying the idgham rule when it is due ( ) d) There are only three levels of
reading the Quran at-tahqeeq, al-hadr and at-tarteel ( ) e) The ruling on learning
tajweed is (fardh kifayah) obligatory upon Muslims as a whole like learning the
other sciences the Muslims need ( f) One example of al-lahin al-khafee is that the
length of the ghunnah or tafkheem are said shorter than their exact length. ( ) g)
Some of the scholars of tajweed consider at-tarteel as an independent level of
recitation and they put it before the at-tahqeeq level.( ) h) One example of al-
lahin al-jellie in tajweed is not pronouncing the letter ‫ ي‬in the moon letters.
( i) There is one way of obtaining the science of tajweed through narration. )
( ) )
j) There are more than three pillars of recitation, if the recitor falls short of
one of these pillars then their recitation will be considered odd by the scholars.
( )
2) What are the differences between: a) al-lahin al-jellie and al-lahin al-khafee
b) Levels and pillars of reading the Quran 3) Answer the following questions:
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Tajweed Level 1
a) Who is hafs? Who is his teacher? b) What does hafs an assim chain of narration
mean? c) Mention 5 manners which should be observed when reciting the Quran.
4) Give three examples of a) al-lahin al-jellie b) al-lahin al-khafee
5) Define the following terms: a) Science of tajweed b) Al-lahin
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Tajweed Level 1
Exercise 2
1) Mulltiple Choice - Circle the wrong answer: a) A reader was reading the Quran
then stopped to sneeze: 1) They should repeat saying al-istiatha 2) They should
resume reading without saying al-istiatha 3) Neither (a) or (b) are correct b)
Aisha finished reading surah Yasin then she wanted to read Surah Mar yam she
should: 1) Finish reading surah Yasin, pause, then say al-basmalah, pause the start
reading the first verse of surah Maryam. 2) Finish reading surah Yasin, pause, then
in one breath say albasmalah and start reading the first verse of surah Maryam. 3)
In one breath finish reading surah Yasin, then say albasmalah, then start reading
the first verse of surah Maryam. c) If a person wanted to read surat At-taubah they
should: 1) Finish reading surat At-taubah, stop, then say al-basmalah, stop, then
start reading it again. 2) Finish reading surat At-taubah, stop, then start reading
it again. 3) In one breath finish reading surat At-taubah, and then start reading
it again. d) Maryam was reading surah Al-Muzammil then she wanted to red surat At-
taubah she should: 1) Finish reading surah Al-Muzammil, stop, then say al-basmalah,
stop, then start reading the first verse of surat At-taubah. 2) In one breath
finish reading surah Al-Muzammil, then start reading the first verse of surat At-
taubah. 3) Neither (a) nor (b) are correct.
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Tajweed Level 1
e) If a person was reading surat At-taubah and another surah in consequent orders
in the Quran they should NOT: 1) Joining the previous surah with surat At-taubah
without stopping 2) Apply As-sakit rule between the two surahs 3) Stop at the last
surah, take a breath, say al-basmalah and then start reading surat At-taubah. f)
There are three ways of applying al-basmalah between 2 surahs: 1) Finish reading
the last surah, then stop, then say al-basmalah then stop then start reading the
next surah. 2) In one breath, finish reading the last surah, say al-basmalah and
start reading the next surah. 3) Finish reading the last surah and say al-basmalah
in one breath, then stop then start reading the next surah.
2) Explin why: a) A person should say Al-Istitha out loud if others are present who
will hear his recitation. b) Should you not say al-basmalah if the if the first
verse to be read from begins with the name of shaitaan or with a preposition
referring to him. c) A person should NOT join saying al-istiatha with the first
verse of recitation that mentions Allaah or one of His Attibutes or a preposition
referring to Him. d) The reader cannot finish reading the last verse in a surah nd
then saying al-basmalah in one breath.
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Tajweed Level 1
3) Match the left column with the right column: A If the first verse to start
reading from starts with the nme of Allaah or one of his attributes then the user
has: The reader started to read the surah 3 ayaat in and chose not to say al-
basmalah then he has: B 2 choices: (1) saying al-istiatha and start reading in one
breath (2) saying al-istiatha, stopping, then start reading. (1) Saying al-
istiatha, stopping, saying al-basmalah, stopping, start reading; (2) Saying al-
istiatha, al-basmalah and start reading in one breath; (3) Saying al-istiatha,
stopping, saying al-basmalah and start reading in one breath; (4) Saying al-
istiatha and albasmalah in one breath, stopping then start reading (1)Saying al-
istiatha, stopping, saying al-basmalah, stopping, start reading; (2) Saying al-
istiatha, al-basmalah and start reading in one breath; (3) Saying al-istiatha,
stopping, saying al-basmalah and start reading in one breath. 2 choices: (1) saying
al-istiatha, stopping then start reading (2) saying al-istiatha then saying al-
basmalah.
The reader has a number of choices when saying al-istiatha at the beginning of
surah:
The reader has a number of choices when saying albasmalah between two surahs:
4) When should we do the following things: a) Repet saying al-istiatha b) Say al-
istiatha out loudly c) Say al-istiatha silently 5) What are the benefits of: a)
saying al-istiatha when intend to read the Quran b) saying al-istiatha out loud 6)
Discuss the following: a) If al-basmalah is verse of the Quran or not b) If al-
istiatha is obligatory or not
Page 27
Tajweed Level 1
ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ ‫اٌز‬ٚ ‫عبوخ‬

ٓ‫عبوخ‬ ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ ‫أحىب‬
َ ٠ٕٛis a noon that does not have any vowel ( ‫ ) دشوخ‬on it. That
means it does not have ‫ فزذخ‬nor ‫ ّظخ‬nor ‫ وغشح‬. ‫غبوخ‬ ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ occurs in nouns and verbs, in the
middle and at the end of the word. It also occurs in prepositions and particles
( In the Quran
‫) اٌذشف‬, but only at then end of the word. ْ َٙ َ َٛ ٌٕ ‫غبوخ‬

ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ
remains unchanged in its
‫غبوخ‬
is written with a sukoon on it such as:
َٓ ‫ِٓ َا َ َِ ء‬
Written form ) ‫زظب‬
ّ ( :
written form
When continuing the reading ) ‫صال‬ٚ ( : It is pronounced When stopping at the word )
‫لفب‬ٚ ( : It is pronounced
ٓ‫اٌز‬٠ٕٛ
ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ that is not used for emphasises and found at the end
is a term for an extra ‫غبوخ‬
of nouns only:
Written form ) ‫زظب‬

ّ ( : This type of
in written form;
‫غبوخ‬
( : a
is absent is
When continuing the reading )

pronounced;
‫صال‬ٚ
ٕ ٌ ‫ٔ ا‬ْٛ
‫غبوخ‬
‫لفب‬ٚ ( : It is either abandoned (ie not pronounced) such as ) ٌ ٍٍ‫ ( ٍَّ ٌ ػ‬OR it is changed
to ُ ‫ ع غ‬an ‫ اٌف‬such as ) ً ‫ٌٍّزم َ ِفبصا‬
ٍ ‫ ( ْإ‬. ٓ َ
When stopping at the word )
ٌٕٓٛ‫اٌز‬
can be ) . Such as:
ً ( ‫ٕرٓ اٌفزخ‬ٌٛ
or )
ٍ ( ‫ٕرٓ اٌىغش‬ٌٛ
or )
ٌ
(
ُ‫ٕرٓ اٌع‬ٌٛ
ٗ‫ِِٓ أي ًَء خٍ م ٍ ش‬
.. ً٘ َ‫ٌ عال‬
‫ً رجبسح دبظشح‬
ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ and ٓ‫اٌز‬٠ٕٛ

The Difference Between ‫عبوخ‬
‫عبوخ‬
1) It occurs in the middle of a word and at the end of it
It occurs at the end of the word only.
Page 28
Tajweed Level 1
2) It occurs in the noun ( ُ‫) االع‬, the prepositions and particles ( ‫ ) اٌذشف‬and the
ً ‫ )) اٌفؼ‬It is pronounced when continuing to read after it ) ‫صال‬ٚ ( and when
verb ( 3
stopping on it ) ‫لفب‬ٚ ( .
It occurs in nouns (
ُ‫االع‬
) only.
It is only pronounced when continuing to read the word after it ) ‫صال‬ٚ (.
4) It is pronounced and is written in It is pronounced but is absent from the

Quran. the noun in its written form. 5) It can be a letter part of the formation of
the word and it can be an extra letter. It is an extra letter.
There are four tajweed rules that equally apply to
‫غبوخ‬
and
‫بس‬ٙ‫اإلظ‬
Its letters are:
‫اٌخبء‬ٚ ٓ‫ا ٌ ٍغ‬ٚ ، ‫اٌذبء‬ٚ ٓ‫ؼ‬

ٍ ٌ ‫ا‬ٚ ، ‫بء‬ٌٙ‫ا‬ٚ ‫ٌضح‬ّٙ‫ا‬
‫اإلاللة‬
Its letters are:
َ‫اإلدغب‬
Its letters are:
‫اٌجبء‬
ٓ‫اٌز‬ٚ ‫عبوخ‬
ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ ‫أحىب‬
َ ٠ٕٛ
ْ ٚ ‫ْ" ٌش‬ٍِٛ " ‫ي س َ ي‬
‫اإلخفبء‬
Its letters are:
، ‫ اٌىبف‬، ‫ اٌمبف‬، ‫ اٌفبء‬، ‫ اٌظبء‬، ‫ اٌعبد اٌطبء‬، ‫ اٌصبد‬، ٓ‫ ا ٌّ ٍش‬، ٓ‫ ا ٌ ٍغ‬، ‫ اٌضاي‬، ‫ اٌزاي‬، ‫ اٌذاي‬، ‫ ا ٌ ٍُج‬، ‫ اٌثبء‬، ‫اٌزبء‬
Tajweed Level 1
‫بز‬ٙ‫بز اإلظ‬ٙ‫اإلظ‬
linguistically: It means clear or obvious. Applied Definition: It is pronouncing
the letter from its correct
articulation point without an apparent
‫ ٕغخ‬.
‫بز‬ٙ‫حسف اإلظ‬
ٚ (‫بز‬ٙ‫ اإلظ‬Letters)
There are six letters which when they immediately follow
‫غبوخ‬
or
cause ٌْٕٛ‫ ا‬to be pronounced clearly. The letters are:

ٍ ٌ ‫ا‬ٚ ، ‫بء‬ٌٙ‫ا‬ٚ ‫ٌضح‬ّٙ‫ا‬
These letters are known as ‫ذشف اٌذٍمٍ خ‬ ٚ ٌ ‫( ا‬the throat letters) because they are
articulated from the throat.
How To Apply ‫بز‬ٙ‫ اإلظ‬Rule On Its Six Letters

ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ or ٌٕٓٛ‫ اٌز‬appears immediately after one of the above letters, whether in one
When ‫غبوخ‬
word or in between two words, then pronounce ٌْٕٛ‫ ا‬clearly.
‫بز‬ٙ‫اإلظ‬
Letters
In One Word
Between 2 words
With
‫ٌضح‬ّٙ‫ا‬
ْ َْ ََ َ ٛ‫ئ‬ٌٕٚ
ُُ ٔ‫ْإ أ ْ ز‬
‫َ ً ػجذا إرا‬
ْ
‫بء‬ٌٙ‫ا‬
‫ٔاذش‬ٚ َْْ َ ‫بس ٔأ ّؼذ‬ٙ‫ٔأ‬ًٚ ‫َْْ ا‬
‫ػك ٍ َ ْ ِ َ َ ْ َه َ ّفٓ دبج‬

ٍ ِٓ ‫ِ ْ َد ٍ ِٓ ٘ب‬
.. ً٘ َ‫ٌ عال‬
ٍٓ‫اٌؼ‬
ُ َ ٌ‫ا ِغ ػ‬ٍٚ ٌ ‫ع‬

‫رجبس ً دبظشح ح‬
‫اٌذبء‬
Page 30
Tajweed Level 1
ٍٓ‫اٌغ‬
ْ ُ ِ ْ َُ َ َ ٛ‫َِ َ ُ فغغع ا ٌ ُٕخٕ مخ‬

ٍٕ ْ ّ
ً‫ِٓ غ ٍِ ِْ ِ ْ َش ٍ ٍِْٓ خ‬
‫ال غٍ ش َ َْ ً َ َ ٌ َ ش ٌ ٌٍطٍ ف خج‬ٛ‫ل‬
‫اٌخبء‬
Reason for Applying ‫بز‬ٙ‫ اإلظ‬rule on These Letters

The reason is the far distance between the articulation point of these

ٍ ٌ ‫ا‬ٚ ، ‫بء‬ٌٙ‫ا‬ٚ ‫ٌضح‬ّٙ‫) ا‬and the articulation point of the noon sakinah . So applying َ
‫اإلدغب‬ruling would not be suitable because there is no reason for it, nor would
‫االخفبء‬ruling be suitable as it close to the َ‫ اإلدغب‬ruling, nor would ‫ اٌمٍ ت‬ruling as its
a means to apply the ‫ االخفبء‬ruling.
letters (
Levels of ‫بز‬ٙ‫ اإلظ‬Rule

‫بس‬ٙ‫اإلظ‬
rule has three levels depending on the distance between ‫بس‬ٙ‫ اإلظ‬letter and the noon
sakinah: Level 1 – ‫ػب‬ ٍ for ‫بء‬ٌٙ‫ا‬ٚ ‫ٌضح‬ّٙ‫ ا‬because they are the furtherst distance from the
noon sakinah. Level 2 – ‫عطى‬ٚ for ‫اٌذبء‬ٚ ٓ‫ؼ‬ ٍ ٌ ‫ ا‬because they have the intermediate distance
from the noon sakinah. Level 3 – ‫ ٍٔدب‬for ‫اٌخبء‬ٚ ٓ‫ ا ٌ ٍغ‬because they have the closest
distance to the noon sakinah.
This type of ‫بس‬ٙ‫ إظ‬is known as ً‫ا ٌ ٍذم‬
‫بس‬ٙ‫ اإلظ‬because the articulation point of these letters is from the throat ‫بس‬ٙ‫اٌذٍك ً اإلظ‬.
‫اٌذٍم‬appears in the Quran as a noon with sukoon on it such as: ‫ ِْٓ َب‬. ٍ ‫َذ َ ّْٔأع ِ ٘ ّد‬As for ٌٕٓٛ‫ اٌز‬it
appears as ً ( ‫اٌفزخ‬ ٓ‫ٕر‬ٌٛ ) or ) ٍ ( ‫ٕ ٓر اٌىغش‬ٌٛ or ) ٌ ( ‫ع‬
ُ ٌ ‫ٕرٓ ا‬ٌٛ .
Page 31
Tajweed Level 1
‫اإلاللة اإلاللة‬
or
‫ اٌمٍ ت‬linguistically: It means change.

or
ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ ٍُِ with a ‫ ٕغخ‬when followed by the letter ‫ اٌجبء‬.

‫غبوخ‬
Applied Definition: It means changing
to a hidden
‫حسف اإلاللة‬ ٚ (‫ اإلاللة‬Letters)

‫ اإلاللة‬rule has only one letter: ) ‫ اٌجبء ( ة‬. When the letter ) ‫ ( ة‬immediately
follows ‫غبوخ‬ ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ or ٌٕٓٛ‫ اٌز‬in one word or in between two words (i.e. one word ends with ‫ٌٕا‬ْٛ
ٕ ٌ ‫ا‬or ٌٕٓٛ‫ اٌز‬and the immediate word after it begins with the letter ) ‫ اإلاللة ) ( ة‬is then
‫غبوخ‬
applied.
How To Apply ‫ اإلاللة‬Rule On Its Letter

ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ or ٌٕٓٛ‫ اٌز‬in one word or in between two
When the letter ) ‫ ( ة‬immediately follows ‫غبوخ‬
words the following should take place: 1) Do not pronounce
‫غبوخ‬
or ٌٕٓٛ‫ اٌز‬at all, rather read it s a
ٍُِ ;
2) Hide this ٍُِ by not pressing on its articulation point (the lips); 3) Pronounce
this
ٍُِ with a ‫ ٕغخ‬of two counts long. This ‫ ٕغخ‬is a characteristic of the ٍُِ .
‫ اإلاللة‬ruling and ‫في‬ٛ ‫ اإلخفبء اٌّش‬ruling when practiced verbally, as quoted by َ ‫ اإ ِل‬.
ٓ‫ب اث‬
‫اٌجضسي‬
There is no difference between
Reason For Applying ‫ اإلاللة‬Ruling:

The reason ‫ اإلاللة‬is applied on this letter and not one of the other rules is
because:
‫بس‬ٙ‫ اإلظ‬is difficult to pronounce and requires extra effort in pronouncing the ْٛ ٔ
‫عبوخ‬clearly
ٕ and then pronouncing ‫اٌجبء‬.
There is no reason to apply َ‫ اإلدغب‬ruling due to the far distance between the
articulation points of the letters involved.
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Tajweed Level 1
Thus, hiding ‫ إخفبء‬becomes ideal, and to achieve it had to be changed into a

articulation point and
ٌٕٓٛ‫اٌز‬ٚ ‫غبوخ‬
ٍُِ because all three letters share the same ٌٍُّ‫ ا‬shares ‫ ا ٌ ٕغخ‬with ٌْٕٛ‫ ا‬. )
َ
‫اإلاللة‬
appears in the Quran as a noon with a small full size
( ٍُِ
on
it such as: As for
‫س‬ٛ‫ُ ن َ َْأ ث‬
ْ َ َ َُ ّ ‫ٌٍٕجز‬
َ
ٌٕٓٛ‫ اٌز‬the ‫ اإلاللة‬appears as a small full size ) one of the ٌٕٓٛ‫ اٌز‬vowels: ‫سا‬١‫ ثراد ِ ُ َ ثص‬١َُ‫َ ٍع‬
َ
( ٍُِ
instead of
‫ َب َ ع‬١‫ّظ‬
‫ُ ِ ث د َ ع ًَز َْع‬
Page 33
Tajweed Level 1
َ‫اإل ّدغب َاإل ّدغب‬

linguistically: It means merging. Applied Definition: It means merging a non-
voweled letter with another
voweled letter so that the two letters become one emphasized letter of the second
type.
َ‫حسف اإل ّدغب‬

ٚ (‫ّدغب‬
َ ‫ اإل‬Letters)
َ‫ اإلدغب‬rule has six letters: word " ٍِْٛ‫ ز َ ي‬ٞ ٚ ْ ‫س‬٠ " .
and they form the
When one of the َ‫ اإلدغب‬letters immediately follow
in between two words (i.e. one word ends with the immediate word after it begins
with one of the above letters) then َ‫ اإلدغب‬rule is applied. َ‫ اإلدغب‬can only be applied
between two words and not within one word.
ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ or ٌٕٓٛ‫غبوخ‬

‫غبوخ‬ ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ ‫اٌز‬or ٌٕٓٛ‫ اٌز‬and
Divisions Of َ‫ اإل ّدغب‬Rule

‫سغخ ( َ ّإدغب‬
ٕ ١‫ّإدغب ثغ‬
َ without ‫ٕغخ‬
Its letters are: ) is divided into two groups with regards to saying it with ‫ ٕغخ‬or
without
َ‫اإل ّدغب‬
‫ثغخ ( َ ّإدغب‬
ٕ ‫ّإدغب‬with
َ ‫ٕغخ‬
Its letters are:
‫ز‬
‫ي‬
ٚ َ ْ ٞ " ّٕٛ٠ "
‫ثغخ‬
ٕ ‫ّإدغب‬
َ
This type of َ‫ اإلدغب‬is applied with a letters of the word ّٕٛ٠ .
‫ٕغخ‬
of 2 counts long. The four
ٍِْٛ‫س‬٠ letters that make up this sub-group make up the
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Tajweed Level 1
How To Apply ‫ثغخ‬

ٕ ‫ّإدغب‬
َ On Its Letters If one of the ‫ثغخ‬ ٕ ‫ّإدغب‬
َ letters ( ٚ َ ْ ٞ " ّٕٛ٠ " )
immediately follow ‫غبوخ‬
ٕ ٌ ‫ا‬ ‫ٌٕا‬ْٛ in between two words then do not ٕ ٌ ‫ا ; ا‬instead
pronounce ٌْٕٛ‫غبوخ‬
pronounce the letter after it with a ‫ ٕغخ‬of two counts
long. If one of the ‫ثغخ‬ ٕ
َ‫ّإدغب‬
letters (
ٚ َ ْ ٞ " ّٕٛ٠ " )
immediately
follow ٌٕٓٛ‫ اٌز‬in between two words then do not pronounce instead pronounce one of
instead of
vowels ( i.e. pronounce ُ instead of
ٌ, َ
and
instead of
ٍ ) then pronounce the letter
after it with a ‫ ٕغخ‬of two counts long. Examples:
] 8 : ‫ [ اٌّغذ‬: 1 ] ‫ [ اٌّشعالد‬: 02 ] ‫ [ ٌٕاجأ‬: 53 ] ‫[ ٌٕابصػبد‬
‫اج‬ٚ ‫ ِر‬٠ِٛ ‫ة‬ُٛ َ ٌ ‫ٍل ٌ َ ْ َئ ٍ َ ِفخ‬
‫ر‬ٚ ‫ ٌ َت‬ِٟ ‫ َا أ‬٠ ‫ ٍ َ َت َ رج ْذ‬َٙ ‫ ِ ٌَُْ ُْٔخم ُ ِٓ َبء َ َ َد َث‬١ِ ٍ ‫ ٍ ِ ِ أ َ َ ٍ ى‬َٙ ٓ ‫ ٌَ ِر ث‬ْٛ َ ‫ َب و َا ًب ٌ ْ َع ف‬ٚ ‫ب ٌغ ًا‬١َِٙ َُْٛ ‫ ّع‬٠َ ‫َب‬
‫سغخ‬
ٕ ١‫ّإدغب ثغ‬
َ
This type of َ‫ اإلدغب‬is applied with out a the
‫ ٕغخ‬. The two letters of ٍِْٛ‫س‬٠ letters that make up this sub-group are ‫ ي ز‬.
How To Apply ‫سغخ‬ٕ ١‫ّإدغب ثغ‬

َ On Its Letters If one of the ‫سغخ‬ ٕ ١‫ّإدغب ثغ‬
َ letters ( ‫) ي‬
‫ز‬immediately follow ٌْٕٛ‫غبوخ‬
ٕ ٌ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬or ‫ز‬
ٕٛ ٌٓ ٌ ‫ا‬ in between two words then do not pronounce ٕ ٌ ‫ا ا‬or ٌٕٓٛ ;
ٌْٕٛ‫غبوخ‬
‫اٌز‬instead pronounce the letter after it without a ‫ ٕغخ‬.
Examples:
] 8 : ‫ [ ٌظ‬: 38 ] ‫ٌضح‬ّٙ‫[ ا‬
ٍ ِ ‫ ٌى‬٠ًْٚ ٍ ‫َ ٌ ِ ًُ ُ َ َ ُّ َح‬
‫ل ًب ِٓ ز ٍ ز‬ْٛ ٌ ‫ َ َب‬١ِ ٍ ‫ّ٘صح ٌ َص ُ ٍظ َ َ ٌ ِ َة َح‬
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Tajweed Level 1
‫ ا ٌ ٕغخ‬is a sound that comes from the nasal. It is a basic characteristic of ٌْٕٛ
‫( ا‬including ٌٕٓٛ‫ ) اٌز‬and the letter ) ُ‫ َ ( ا‬. ١ٌّ Its length is 2
counts.
Complete and Incomplete َ‫ّإدغب‬

َ‫إدغب‬
is also divided with regards to it being complete and incomplete:
ًِ‫ّدغب اٌىب‬
َ ‫ ( اإل‬Complete َ‫ ) ّإدغب‬: Is when the letter that is being merged ( i.e. ٌْٕٛ‫ ا‬and ٌٍُّ)
‫ا‬itself disappears completely and so do its characteristics ( including ‫) ا ٌ ٕغخ‬.
Its letters are: Thus the and
) َ‫ي ( اال‬
) ‫س ( اٌشاء‬
) ٌٍُّ‫َ ( ا‬
) ٌْٕٛ‫ْ ( ا‬
and disappeared along with their characteristics.
‫ ٕغخ‬that is present when ٌٍُّ‫ ا‬and ٌْٕٛ‫ ا‬are merged with ٌٍُّ‫ْ ا‬ٌٕٛ ‫ا‬is from the second ٌٍُّ‫ ا‬and ٌْٕٛ‫ ; ا‬because
the first ٌٍُّ‫ْ ا‬ٌٕٛ ‫ا‬were merged completely and so the letters themselves
without any vowel on it, and
ًِ‫اإلدغب اٌىب‬
َ appears in the Quran as a ْٛٔ
the letter after it has a (
) on it, such as:
‫ِ َِٓ ِبي‬
] 0 : ‫ف‬ٙ‫[ اٌى‬
ْ‫ِ َِٓ ٌد‬
] 38 : ‫[ٌظ‬
... ‫ِٓ َة ِ ِ ز‬
] 55 : ‫ٌٕاس‬ٛ [
As for the ٌٕٓٛ‫ ر‬it appears as two small lines one following the other, and the letter
after it has a (
) on it, such as:
:‫[ ٌظ‬
... ُ‫ز ّ زح َ ٍ َ ة‬١
] 246 : ‫… [ اٌجمشح‬
ًِْ ‫ِ ِ ًب َٔمب ٍَى ُ ر‬
…
]58
‫ّدغب ٌٕابلص‬
َ ‫ ( اإل‬Incomplete َ‫ ) ّإدغب‬: Is when the letter that is being merged ( i.e. ٌْٕٛ‫ ا‬and ٌٍُّ
‫ ) ا‬itself disappears but its characteristics ( including ‫ ) ا ٌ ٕغخ‬remain.
Its letters are :
) ‫( اٌٍبء‬
‫ي‬
) ٚ‫ ٌا‬ٛ‫( ا‬
ٚ
Page 36
Tajweed Level 1
Thus when
ٓ‫ٌٕا اٌغبو‬ْٛ and ٌٕٓٛ‫ اٌز‬are merged with ٚ‫ ٌا‬ٛ‫ ا‬and ‫ اٌٍبء‬the ٓ‫ٌٕا اٌغبو‬ْٛ and ٌٕٓٛ‫ اٌز‬disappear but their
characteristics ( i.e. ‫) ا ٌ ٕغخ‬
without any vowel on it, or a
remains, hence the merge is incomplete.
‫اإلدغب ٌٕابلص‬
َ appears in the Quran as a ْٛٔ ٌٕٓٛ‫ر‬
and the letter after it does NOT have a (
) on it, such as:
ٌ ٌ‫[ ا‬
] 6 : ‫ض ٌضخ‬
ًَّْ ٠ َٓ ‫ َّ َ ْ ِ ي ذ َح س ُ ف‬٠ َٖ ‫ َ ْ ئ ٍ َ ْدز ٕ ض‬١ٌ َ ْ ّ ٙ ‫ُسا أع َب‬َْٚ ِ ‫برب‬

ُُْ ٌَ‫ ًا َس‬١ْ‫ع ِث َْمب َ َز ٍ َخ‬ ْ ُ ‫ص ُ ُ ا ٌ َب‬٠ ‫ ِر‬٠ََِٛ
ً ‫أش َز‬
ٌ ٌ‫[ ا‬
] 7 : ‫ض ٌضخ‬
Overall There Are Three Types Of َ‫ّإدغب‬

If the two divisions of types of َ‫ إدغب‬:
َ‫إدغب‬
are merged together, there would be three
ًِ‫ ٌا‬ٛ‫اٌٍبء ا‬ٚ .ٚ ‫ثغخ ٔبلص‬

ٕ ‫ّإدغب‬
َ ‫ا‬ٚ .ٌْٕٛ ‫ثغخ وب‬
ٕ ‫ّإدغب‬
َ
(complete
َ‫ إدغب‬with ‫ – ) ٕغخ‬its letters are ٌٍُّ‫ا َ إدغب‬with ‫ – ) ٕغخ‬its letters are َ‫ إدغب‬without
‫– ) ٕغخ‬its letters
: With
(incomplete
ًِ‫س ٕغخ وب‬١‫ّإدغب ثغ‬

َ are َ‫اٌال‬ٚ ‫ اٌشاء‬.
(complete
Examples for the three types of The letter With
َ‫ّإدغب‬
ٌْٕٛ‫ا‬
Type of
َ‫ّإدغب‬
ٌْٕٛ‫ا‬
‫‪ُ َْٓ ٚ‬ع ِس ُ ُ َىع ُ ف ْٗ ِ ٕٔ ْٖ ّ َ ٔ َِ ْ ٍِ ‪ َ ٍَ ٠‬ك َ ُ‪ٛ‬ا ْ ٌ ٍْخ ِ َأفَب َْعمِ‪ٟ‬‬
‫ِ ِ ًب َٔمب ٍَى ُ ر ًِْ …‬
‫ثغخ وبًِ …‬
‫ّإدغب ٕ‬
‫َ‬
‫ِ‪ٟ‬‬
‫ف ِ‪١‬د َب َج ِ ً ج ِ٘ حْ ٌ ِٓ‬
‫‪© GardensofArabic.com‬‬
‫َ ً ِ ِ جصاء ّٓ ‪...‬‬
‫ثغخ وبًِ‬
‫ّإدغب ٕ‬
‫َ‬
‫‪Page 37‬‬
Tajweed Level 1
ُ‫ا‬١ٌّ
ّ َ َ ٌ ٌََ ُُْ ِ َ ‫ ِٓ َة ِ ِ ز ِْٓ ٌد‬... ‫م‬٠ ‫ْإ‬ٌْٛٛ... ِٓ ٌٚ ٍ ِ َٟ ِ ٍَ ‫َعد‬

‫ز ّ زح َ ٍ َ ة‬١ُ ... َ َِ ٍ َ ٙ ‫ف‬٠ٛ ‫ئر‬١٠ِْٛ ُِ... ‫ح‬ٛ ِ ٚ ٙ ‫غش‬
ٚ‫ ٌا‬ٛ‫ا‬
‫ثغخ ٔبلص‬
ٕ ‫ّإدغب‬
َ
‫بء اٌساء َاٌال‬١ٌ ‫ا‬
‫س ٕغخ ًِوب‬١‫ّإدغب ثغ‬

َ ‫ثغخ ٔبلص‬
ٕ ‫ّإدغب‬
َ
‫ ِ ُد‬١ًِٜ ٌٍ ُ َ ١ِ َ ‫س ٕغخ ًِوب ٓ ف ٗ ٘ ِ ّْزم‬١‫ّإدغب ثغ‬
َ ‫ذٌ َ ا ْ ٌ ِى َب ُ َ ز‬٠َ َ ‫َ ِه ز ة ال ْت‬
Reason For Applying َ‫ اإل ّدغب‬Ruling

As for merging a ْٛٔ with a ْٛٔ it is because of the resemblance between them. They both
have the same articulation point and the same characteristics because they are the
same letter. As for merging ٌْٕٛ‫ ا‬with the rest of َ‫ اإلدغب‬letters it is because of the
closeness of the articulation point of the letters involved (i.e
with
‫ ي ي س‬ٚ
).
The reason ‫ ا ٌ ٕغخ‬remains with the letters strong characteristic.
" ّٕٛ٠ " is because it is a ‫ز ي‬

is to make it easy
The reason why ‫ ا ٌ ٕغخ‬is removed with the letters to pronounce. Pronouncing some
hardship.
‫ا ٌ ٕغخ‬
with these letters causes the reader
Page 38
Tajweed Level 1
Exceptions When َ‫ اإل ّدغب‬Ruling Does NOT Apply

There are occasions when َ‫ اإلدغب‬does not apply even when one of the
" ٍِْٛ‫“ ٌش‬
letters immediately follow
ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ or ٌٕٓٛ‫ اٌز‬:

‫غبوخ‬
Exception 1 –
‫بز اٌّطٍ ك‬ٙ‫اإلظ‬
ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ in one

َ‫ اإلدغب‬rule does not apply if one of َ‫ اإلدغب‬letters immediately follow ‫غبوخ‬
word. This only occurs in four words in the Quran:
‫ا‬ْٕٛ‫ْْٕصا ِْل‬ٛ ‫ ث‬١ُْٕٓ ‫ب د‬١ُْٔ ٌ ‫ِ ا‬
Whenever it occurs: Whenever it occurs: [4: [ 99 :
In these cases ٌْٕٛ‫ ا‬is pronounced clearly without a ‫ ٕغخ‬and it is not permissible to
ِ ‫إظ‬
apply َ‫ اإلدغب‬rule as it would confuse the intended meaning. This rule is called ‫بسظٍ ك‬ٙ
(absolute clearness). It is called so because it is not from ً‫بس اٌذٍم‬ٙ‫اإلظ‬
‫اٌشػذ‬
] ]
َ‫األ ٔؼب‬
nor of any of the other
‫بس‬ٙ‫ إظ‬rules.
Also falls under this exception:
ْ ‫ا ْ ٌ ُْسْآ ا‬ٚ ‫ط‬٠ٌْ َ ١ِ ِ ‫ع ُ َ م ِ حى‬٠ ‫ َب‬ٚ ِ َ ‫ا ْ ٌم‬ٚ ْ ُ ُٚ َ ‫َ ٍَُ َِ َ طس‬
[1:
ٍُ‫اٌم‬
َ‫اإلدغب‬
and
is not applied when reading ْ
‫ط‬٠ in continuum with the next letter (note that ْ and ‫ط‬٠ both
end with ‫عبوخ‬
ٕ
[ 1-0 : ‫] ٌظ‬
ِ ‫ إظ‬.
ْٛٔ ). That was how it was read by ُ‫ دفص ػٓ ػبص‬. This rule is also called ‫بسظٍ ك‬ٙ
ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ is merged with ٌٍُّ‫ ا‬in ُ‫ [ طع‬1 : ‫ ] اٌّشؼشاء‬and [ 1 : ‫ ] اٌمصص‬in accordance with how it
‫غبوخ‬
was read by ُ‫ دفص ػٓ ػبص‬.
However, Exception 2 –
‫اٌعىذ‬
[ 07 :
Here we read ِٓ ً‫ل‬ٚ ١then ‫ ض‬pause without taking a breath then read: ‫ زاق‬. The is known
as ‫( ] ع ْذ َى‬stopping without taking a breath). The ‫ ع ْذ‬is what prevents َ‫ اإلدغب َى‬from
taking place. That is how it was read by is also called
‫ َْٓ ض زا ِ ل‬١ًَِ َٚ ٍ ‫َق‬
‫اٌمٍ بِخ‬
ُ‫ دفص ػٓ ػبص‬. This rule
ِ ‫ إظ‬.
‫بسظٍ ك‬ٙ
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Tajweed Level 1
‫اإلخفبء اإلخفبء‬
linguistically: It means hiding, concealment. Applied Definition: It means the
pronunciation of a noon sakinah (stripped of any shaddah) or tanween in a state
somewhere between idhaar and idgham, with a ghunnh .
‫حسف اإلخفبء‬
ٚ (‫ اإلخفبء‬Letters)
‫ اإلخفبء‬rule has 15 letters: ‫ص ذ س ن ج غ ق ض ّد ط ش ف د ض ظ‬
They are the remaining letters of the Arabic alphabet after removing:
  
the six letters of ‫بس‬ْٙ ‫( إ‬idhaar) َ‫ظ‬
) ‫ ( ّ٘ضح ٘بء ع ح ؽ ر‬the six letters of َ‫( إ ْغب‬idgham) ) ٍِْٛ‫ ( ٌش َد‬the one letter of ‫( إ‬
‫ْالة‬iqlaab) ) ‫( ة ل‬
The letter alif is not included as it does not appear after (noon sakinah).
‫غبوخ‬
How To Apply ‫ اإلخفبء‬Rule On Its Letters

When one of the ‫ إخفبء‬letters:
) ‫(ص ذ س ن ج غ ق ض ّد ط ش ف د ض ظ‬
immediately follows words,
‫غبوخ‬
or ٌٕٓٛ‫ اٌز‬in one word or in between two
ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ is not pronounced, rather it is hidden but its characteristic the
‫غبوخ‬
‫( ٕغخ‬ghunnah) of two counts long remains. The noon
sakinah is hidden by leaving a small gap between the tip of the tongue and
the gums of the top teeth, so that the tongue is a little bit further away from the
noon articulation point and close to the articulation point of the following letter
to be pronounced. One should be careful as not to make the following mistakes when
trying to apply the ikhfaa rule:
Tajweed Level 1
Not to stick the tongue againt the gums of the top teeth so that a clear noon is
said; Not to stretch the vowel that is on the letter before the
noon so that a full vowel is said. For example: reading ُ‫ُٕز و‬

as
ُ‫ٔوز‬ٛ
or
ُ‫ِ ِٕى‬
as
ُ‫ ٍِٕى‬.
When applying ikhfaa one should say the ghunnah with tafkheem (fatness) if the
letter following the noon sakinah is one of the tafkheem letters ( ‫ط‬
‫ ) ق ظ‬. The level of tafkheem of the ghunnah should be the same as the level of the
tafkheem letter with the ‫ ط‬being the strongest then ‫ ض‬then ‫ ص‬then ‫ ظ‬then ‫ ق‬. For
example:
‫ص ض‬
َ ‫[ َّظب َا ٍ ِط‬Nooh: 15] ‫د ل‬ٚ َ Anaam: 93] ‫ح َس‬٠‫ث ٍ ص صس ٍ َ ْ ِِس‬

‫جب ًب‬
‫ َٓ َب‬ٚ َ ‫َِ ل ي‬
[Al-Haqah: 6].
[Al-
As for the rest of the ikhfaa letters the ghunnah should be said with tarqeeq
(thinness). This kind of ‫( إخفبء‬ikhfaa ) is called ) because:
ٟ‫م ْف ُ ح‬١‫اإلخ َبء ا ٌ َم‬
( al-ikhfaa al-haqeeqi
to differentiate it from another type of called
‫إخفبء‬
(ikhfaa ) more than in
‫في‬ٛ ‫( اإلخفبء اٌّش‬al-ikfaa ash-shafawee);  the hiding is achieved in ‫غبوخ‬

ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ or ‫خ‬ ٕ ٌ ‫اٌز ( اٍ ٌُّ ا‬al-
ٌٕٓٛ ‫غبو‬
meem as-saakinah).
Reason For Applying ‫ اإلخفبء‬Ruling

The reason ‫ اإلخفبء‬is applied on its 15 letters is because, the articulation point of
ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ or ٌٕٓٛ‫ اٌز‬like the idhaar letters, neither are
these letters are not very far from ‫غبوخ‬
they very close like the idgham letters. Therefore, since there is no cause for
applying idhaar or idgham, an middle rule has been applied which is ikhfaa.
How ‫ اإلخفبء‬Ruling Appears In The Quran

The noon sakinah does not have any vowel on it and the letter after it does not
have a shaddah on it. As for the tanween then the double fatha,
Page 41
Tajweed Level 1
kesrah and dhammah are not aligned over each other and are not directly over the
letter, and the letter after the tanween does not have shaddah on it. This is also
how incomplete idgham appears in the Quran.
Levels of ‫ اإلخفبء‬Rule
The ikhfaa rule has three levels of strength dependoing on the how close or far the
ikhfaa letter is from the noon sakinah and tanween. The closer the ikhfaa letters
are from the noon sakinah and tanween the stronger it is hidden (i.e. the stronger
the ikhfaa is):
Level 1 – Strongest When the letters ‫ د ّد ط‬follow the noon sakinah

Level 2 – Middle When the letters ‫ض ج غ ص ذ س ض ظ ف‬follow the noon sakinah
Level 3 – Weakest When the letters the noon sakinah
‫ش‬
‫ن ق‬
follow
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Tajweed Level 1
Exercise 3
Put ( √ ) or ( X ) in front of the following sentences, correcting those sentences
that are wrong: 1) The ruling on learning tajweed is (fardh kifayah) obligatory
upon Muslims as a whole like learning the other sciences the Muslims need ( ) 2)
One example of ًٍ‫ اٍ ٌذٓ اٌج‬in tajweed is that the length of said shorter than their exact
length.
‫ا ٌ ٕغخ‬
or
ٍُ‫ اٌزفخ‬are
( )
ٚ are six and are called ‫ذشف اٌذٍمٍ خ‬

3) ‫بس‬ٙ‫دشف اإلظ‬ ٚ ٌ ‫ ا‬because they are pronounced from the
back of the mouth. ( ) 4) Some of the scholars of tajweed consider ًٍ‫ اٌزشر‬as an
independent level of recitation and they put it before the ‫ اٌزذمٍ ك‬level. 5) One
example of moon letters. 6) There is one way of obtaining the science of tajweed
through narration. ( 7) The letters of ً‫بس اٌذٍم‬ٙ‫ اإلظ‬are ‫بء‬ٌٙ‫ا‬ٚ ‫ٌضح‬ّٙ‫ ا‬then ‫اٌخبء‬ٚ ٓ‫ؼ‬
ٍ ٌ ‫ ا‬then ) ( )
ًٍ‫ اٍ ٌذٓ اٌج‬in tajweed
is not pronouncing the letter
َ‫ اٌال‬in the
ٍٓ‫اٌغ‬
) ( )
‫اٌذبء‬ٚ depending on the distance they are from ‫غبوخ‬

ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ .(
8) There are more than three pillars of recitation, if the recitor falls short of
one of these pillars then their recitation will be considered odd by the scholars.
9)
ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ appears at the end of nouns only and it is

‫غبوخ‬
not have any vowel on it.
noon that does ( ) ( )
10) ٌٕٓٛ‫ اٌز‬is dropped ‫لفب‬ٚ and it is changed to an
‫صال اٌف‬ٚ .
11) ‫بس‬ٙ‫ اإلظ‬rule is applied on ‫ذشف اٌذٍمٍ خ‬

ٚ ٌ ‫ ا‬because of the close distance between the
articulation point of the letters and ‫غبوخ‬ ٕ ٌ ‫ٌٕا ا‬ْٛ .( )
Page 43
Tajweed Level 1
Exercise 4
sentences that are wrong: a) Idhaar is only applied in between two words b) Idgham
can be with ghunnah and without ghunnah c) Al-Qalb and ikhfaa are only applied in
between two words ( ( ( ) ) )
d) Idhaar is to pronounce each letter clearly from its articulation point with
ghunnah ( ) e) Idgham with ghunnah is applied in one word but idgham without
ghunnah is only applied in between two words ( f) Al-Qalb is changing noon saakinah
or tanween into a meem with ghunnah when proceeded by baa saakinah ( ) )
g) Noon sakinah is a letter that does not have a vowel on it and it is read when
continuing the reading and when stopping at the word ( ) h) Tanween is a noon
sakinah that is read when continuing the reading and when stopping at the word ( )
i) Idhaar, ikhfaa, idgham and iqlab are only applied in one word ( )
j) Noon sakinah occurs in nouns, verbs and prepositions whereas tanween only occurs
in nouns ( ) 2) Which of rule is applied on the noon sakinah and tanween if one of
the following letters appears after the noon sakinah and tanween:
‫ف ق ن رْٖ ص ض ة‬
3) What is the difference between: c) Noon sakinah and tanween d) Complete idgham
and incomplete idgham e) Ikhfaa and idgham 4) Fill in the blank spaces with
appropriate words:
Page 44
Tajweed Level 1
a) Noon sakinah and tanween must be pronounced clearly without ghunnah if one of
the following letters appears after them: ______ , ______, ______, _____, _____,
_____ b) Idgham means ______________________________. For example __________ . c)
Depending on the distance between idhaar and its _______ it has three __________,
they are __________ for ________ and ________, _______ for ________ and ________,
_______ for ________ and ________ . d) _________ and _______are the exceptions of
idgham.
5) Define the following terms with examples: c) Al-qalb d) Al-Idhaar e) As-sakt
6) Explain why: a) idgham is complete with the letters (
ًِ‫ٔش‬
) but incomplete with
the letters ( ‫ ي‬ٚ ) ? b) the Noon sakinah and tanween is pronounced clearly when
followed by one of al-halqee letters ? c) the Noon sakinah and tanween read as meem
when followed by the letter ( ‫ ) ة‬d) must the Noon sakinah and tanween be
pronounced clearly in the following words (
‫ٍُْٕٓ ا ٌ ٍُْٔب ث ٌ ذ‬
ْ ِ ٌ ‫ ْٕصا‬ٛ
ْ‫ا‬ْٕٛ‫ِ ٌ ل‬
Page 45
Tajweed Level 1
Rules of Meem Sakinah
Meem sakinah is a meem that does not have any of the three
vowels ( ‫ ) دشوخ‬on it. That means it does not have
‫( فزذخ‬fetha ) nor ‫ّظخ‬
(dhamah ) nor ‫( وغشح‬Kesrah).A meem sakinah occurs in nouns and verbs, in the middle
and at the end of the word. It also occurs in prepositions and particles ( ‫) اٌذشف‬.
Exmples:
ُ َّْ ٌْ‫ا ح د‬
ُِْ ‫ ع‬١َ ٙ ٍَ
There are three tajweed rules that apply to meem sakinah :
Al-Ikhfaa Ash-Shafawee
Its letter is:
‫ة‬
Meem Sakinah
rules
Al-Idgham Ash-Shafawee
Its letter is:
َِ
َُ
ََ
Its letters are the rest of the Arabic alphabet
Al-Idhahaar Ash-Shafawee
Page 46
Tajweed Level 1
is when the letter ) ‫ ( ة‬immediately follows meem sakinah in between two words. It
does not matter whether this sukoon that is on the meem is part of the make up of
the word (sukoon asliyah ) or not (aridha li sukoon ) AND this meem does not have a
shaddah on it. The ikhfaa shafawee rule is only applied between two words (i.e. one
word ends with meem sakinah and the immediate word after it begins with the letter
) ‫) ( ة‬.
Al-Ikhfaa Ash-Shafawee Letters

The ikhfaa shafawee rule has only one letter: )
‫( ة‬.
How To Apply The Ikhfaa Shafawee Rule On Its Letter When the letter )
‫( ة‬immediately follows meem sakinah in between two
words hide this meem by not pressing on its articulation point (the lips), with a
ghunnah of two counts long. This ghunnah is a characteristic of the meem. There is
no difference between the iqlab rule and the ikhfaa shafawee rule when practiced
verbally, as quoted by Imam Al-Jazeree.
Reason For Applying The Ikhfaa Shafawee Rule

The ikhfaa shafawee rule is applied on its letter because the letter ( َ ) and the
letter ( ‫ ) ة‬share the same articulation point as well as having many
characteristics in common. Thus idgham and idhar would be too difficult to apply.
Also it is called ikhfaa shafawee because the articulation point of the letter ( َ )
is the lips (shefetaan). The ikhfaa shafawee appears in the Quran as a meem without
a sukoon and the letter after it does not have shaddah on it. For example:
‫ ُِ ث ِ َبز‬١ِ ‫ ِحج ح ٍ ََس‬ٙ ِْ ‫[ ر‬Surah A-feel : 4 ] ‫[ َ ِ ظ ٘س ٍ ِ َأ ث َب‬Surah Ar-Rad : 33 ] ٍٗ ِ ‫ّ ٌ َٓ َْع َ ُِ ثب‬ٚ ِ ‫ زص‬٠ َِ
[Surah Ael-E-Imran : 101 ]
Page 47
Tajweed Level 1
is when a meem sakinah is immedeiately followed by a meem mutaharika.
Al-Idgham Ash-Shafawee Letters

Its letter is: َ ُ َ a meem mutaharika i.e. a meem that has one ِ َ َ of the three vowels on
it, fetha, dhamah or kesrah.
How To Apply Al-Idgham Ash-Shafawee Rule On Its Letter
When a meem sakinah is immedeiately followed by a meem mutaharika merge the two
meems and pronounce them as one meem, with a ghunnah of two counts long. For
example:
ُُْ ْ‫ َ ُ ِب َ َج ٌَى َ وع ز‬ٚ
[Surah Al-Baqarah : 141 ] [Surah Al-Baqarah : 249]
ٍٗ ِ ِ ً ‫ َسح ثِإ ْذ ا‬١ِ َ ‫ َخ غ َجذ ِئخ‬١ِ ‫َ ِ فئ ٍ ٍَ ٍ ٍ ٍَ َ ْ ف َ ً وث ِ ّ ٌ ُو ِٓ ِ َخ ل‬

called such because:
Al-Idgham ash-shafawee is also known as idgham mithlain sagheeran. It is
Idgham – the meem sakinah has been inserted into the meem mutaharika. Mithlain –
the two letters that have merged together are the same – they
have the same articulation point and the same characteristics. Sagheeran – a meem
sakinah occurs before a meem mutaharika.
As for being called idgham shafawee with ghunnah: Shafawee – because the
articulation point of the letter meem is the lips and to differentiate it from the
idgham that is applied on the noon sakinah. With ghunnah – because the ghunnah is
coming from the second letter, thus this is a complete idgham.
Al-Idgham ash-shafawee appears in the Quran as a meem without a sukoon and the
second meem has a shaddah on it.
For example:
ّٓ ُ ُٕ ِ ِ ‫وز‬
‫ َِ ُ َب‬ٌٙ
Page 48
Tajweed Level 1
Al-Idhaar Ash-Shafawee
Al-Idhaar Ash-Shafawee
is pronouncing a meem sakinah clearly from its correct articulation point without a
ghunnah, or shaddah, or sakt, and nor stopping at the word when immediately
followed by one of the idhaar letters.
Al-Idharr Ash-Shafawee Letters

Its letters are the rest of the Arabic alphabet other than the letters (
‫ة‬
) and ( َ ) . Therefore its letters are 26 letters.
How To Apply Al-Idharr Ash-Shafawee Rule On Its Letters
When a meem sakinah is immediately followed by one of the 26 idhaar ashshafawee

letters, the meem should be clearly pronounced from its correct articulation point
without ghunna.
Al-Idhaar ash-shafawee is applied in one word such as:
ُ َّْ ٌْ‫ا ح د‬
Or in between two words such as:
[Surah Al-Fatiha : 1 ]
‫ ُِْ غ‬١َ ‫َٔأ َّْذ ع‬١ ِ ‫ َ س‬ٙ ٍَ َ ‫ع‬
[Surah Al-Fatiha : 7 ]
Reason For Applying Al-Idhaar Ash-Shafawee Rule
The idhar ash-shafawee rule is applied on its 26 letters is because of far distance
between the letter ( َ ) articulation point and the articulation point of most of
its 26 letters. Also because of the differences between their characteristics. Is
is called al-idhaar ash-shafawee because:
Page 49
Tajweed Level 1
Al-idhaar – because the letter meem is pronounced clearly without a ghunna. Ash-
Shafawee – because the articulation point of the meem is the lips. The word shiffah
means the lips, so shafawee means orally or it is coming from the shiffah (lips).
Al-Idhaar ash-shafawee appears in the Quran as a meem with a sukoon
affirmed on it. For example:
‫عرا‬
َ ُْ ١َ‫ْأ ِر‬٠ ٌ ‫ َ ة‬ٙ َ ‫ ّش ط ضح‬ٚ ٘ ‫ ُ َب َب‬َٚ ِ َّْ ٌ ‫َا‬
[Surah Ash-shams : 1 ] [Surah Nooh : 1 ]
NOTE:
Extra care needs to be taken when applying the idhaar ash-shafawee rule on the
letter meem followed by either of the letters ( ‫ ) ف‬or ( ٚ ) . The meem sakinah
needs to be pronounced clearly by ensuring the lips are completely closed before
pronouncing the next letter and not applying the ikhfaa rule. This is because one
is more inclined to apply the ikhfaa rule when either of the letters ( ‫ ) ف‬or ( ٚ )
follows the meem due to the closeness of their articulation points. For example:
ٓ ٌٟٚ ‫ ُخ‬١ِٗ‫ر ُْ ف‬ِٞ ٌ ‫ ٍَِْا‬ُٛ َ ‫ ُ ُْ َ ِ َ ّد ْ َ ٘ ِ ِ زف‬٠ِ ُْ ٠َِ ِ ‫ٌى ّد ٕى‬
[Surah Al-Kafiroon : 6 ] [Surah An-Naba : 3 ]
Page 50
Tajweed Level 1
Exercise 5
sentences that are wrong: k) Al-ikhfaa ash-shafawee is only applied in between two
words ( ) )
l) Al-Idgham ash-shafawee is merging a meem sakinah with a meem mutaharika and

pronouncing them as one meem without ghunnah ( m) Al-Qalb and al-ikhfaa ash-
shafawee are applied in the same way practically ( )
n) Al-Idhaar ash-shafawee is to pronounce each letter clearly from its articulation

point without ghunnah when a noon sakinah is followed by the letter (
‫ة‬
o) Idgham mithalin sagheeran is another term to mean al-ikhfaa ashshafawee ( ) p)

Al-Ikhfaa ash-shafawee is changing noon saakinah into a meem with ghunnah when
proceeded by baa saakinah ( ) q) Meem sakinah is the letter meem with sukoon on it,
whereas meem mutaharika is a meem that has on it a fetha, dhamma or kesrah( ) r)
The meem should be read with a ghunnah of two or four counts long when stopping at
a word that ends with a meem ( ) 2) What is the difference between: f) Al-Igham
ash-shafawee and idgham mithalin sagheeran g) Ikhfaa and ikhfaa ash-shafawee 3)
Fill in the blank spaces with appropriate words: a) Al-ikhfa ash-shafawee is when a
______ ________ is proceeded by ________ in ____________________________. The meem
is then hidden by not _____ __ _____ _______ and read with a _________.
Page 51
Tajweed Level 1
b) A meem mutahariak is a meem that has a ______, _______ or ______ on it, whereas
a meem sakinah does not have any of the three vowels on it. c) Al-idhaar ash-
shafawee is applied on ____ letters excluding _____ and ____ which are the letters
of ________ _________ and __________ _________ consecutively. 4) Give an example of
f) Al-Idhaar ash-shafawee g) Al-ikhfaa ash-shafawee h) Al-idghaam ash-shafawee 5)
Explain why: e) Al-ikhfaa ash-shafawee is applied with the letter ( ‫ ) ة‬and not
with any other letter. f) Extra care needs to be taken when applying al-idhaar ash-
shafawee ) and ( ٚ ). g) Al-Idgham ash-shafawee is called as such. with the letters
( 6) How do the following appear in the Quraan: a) Al-Idhaar ash-shafawee b) Al-
Ikhfaa ash-shafawee c) Al-Idghaam ash-shafawee
‫ف‬
Page 52
Tajweed Level 1
Mock Exam
sentences that are wrong: s) When reading al-basmalah in between two surahs has two
ways : stopping at the last surah then saying al-basmalah then stopping then
starting the next surah , ending the last surah , stopping then saying al-basmalah
in one breath ( ) t) Idgham can be with ghunnah such as such as
ً٠َْ ٌ ِ ُ ِ ‫ ً ٌى‬ٚ
and without ghunnah ( ) )
‫ َِ ٍ َص‬َْْٛ ُ ُ ‫ٌ ِئز ٌ ذس‬
u) Noon sakinah and tanween is a noon that does not have any vowel on it(
v) If the reader had to stop reading the Quran due to a necessity such as coughing
or sneezing then they should not repeat saying al-istiatha ( ) w) are exempt from
idgham so that the intended meaning would not be confused ( )
, ,
ْ‫ا ص‬ِْٕٛ
ٍُْٕٓ ‫ث‬
‫ا ٌ ٍُْٔب ذ‬
x) Al-ikhfaa ash-shafawee is applied in between two letters ) ‫ ( ة‬and
) ْ(
y) Pronouncing a noon sakinah clearly from its articulation point without ghunnah
is idhaar ash-shfawee ( ) 2) Fill in the blank spaces with appropriate words: a)
‫ِّٓ ساق‬
is an exemption of idgham and it is called _____________ .
b) Al-Ikhfaa has three levels depending on the distance between the letters
involved and its strongest at the letters ___ , ___ , ___, the weakest being at the
letters ____ , ____. c) ____ is present in nouns, verbs and prepositions while
_________ is present only in nouns. d) The ghunnah is a characteristic of the
letters ___ and ___ and it is always ____ counts long.
Tajweed Level 1
e) _______ and _______ are exceptions of idgham such as __________ and _________
consecutively. 3) Give the reason as to why: a) Extra care needs to be taken when
applying the idhaar ash-shafawee rule on the letter meem followed by either of the
letters ( ‫ ) ف‬or ( ٚ ). b) Complete idgham has a ghunnah in
ٓ ِٙ ‫ َ ٍ أ َُْ َُخم ُ ِٓ َب‬١ِ ٍ ‫ٌَ ٔ ٍْ ى ِ ِ ء‬
c) Al-Istiatha should not be said when beginning to read a verse that begins with
Allah‟s name, one of His attributes or a preposition referring to Him. 4) Mention
two differences between: a) Al-ikhfaa ash-shafawee and ikhfaa b) Complete idgham
and incomplete idgham c) Al-Idhaar al-mutlaq and al-idhaar
Page 54
Tajweed Level 1
6) Extract two of the following rules from the following verses: a) Incomplete
idgham with ghunnah b) Complete idgham with ghunnah c) Complete idgham without
ghunnah d) Ikhfaa sha-fawee e) Idgham shafawee
Mock Exam Answer

Tajweed Level 1
1)
z) Wrong, there are three ways of saying al-basmalah in between two
surahs.
aa) Wrong the examples should be the other way round (with ghunnah such
as
‫ َِ ٍ َص‬َْْٛ ُ ُ ‫ٌ ِئز ٌ ذس‬
and without ghunnah such as
ً٠َْ ٌ ِ ُ ِ ‫ ً ٌى‬ٚ
bb)Correct. cc) Correct. dd)Correct. ee) Wrong )
‫ ( ة‬and ) َ(
ff) Wrong, pronouncing a meem sakinah clearly from its articulation point without
ghunnah is idhaar ash-shfawee)
2)
a) Idhaar al-mutlaq. f) g) h) i)
‫َ ْ د ّد ط‬
and
‫ن ق‬
Noon sakinah, tanween.

and , two counts long.
As-sakt and al-idhaar al-mutlaq ,
‫ل ً ِ س ق ٍ َ ٍِ َ َْٓ ط َا‬ٚ
and
‫ب د‬١ُْٔ ٌ ‫ا‬
(and there are other examples too) 3) d) See the NOTE: in al-idghaar ash-shafawee
notes. e) Because the ghunnah is coming from the second letter into which the
merging is taking place. f) See NOTE ONE: of al-istiatha note
Page 56

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Al Muneer Fee Ahkamil Tajweed English Translation

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Level 1 Tajweed

Ruling on Tajweed Two Sections to the science of tajweed

Two ways to obtain the science of tajweed

Merits of Reciting the Quraan

ٍَْ ٌّ ‫) ّصى ٗا‬, that has ٍَُ َ ٗ ٍَ ُ ٍ ٍَ reached us through many

So reciting Quraan is a way of getting closer to Allah. We have been ordered to

Islamic Ruling on Al-Lahin Al-Khafee

Al-Lahin Al-Jelli (Obvious Mistakes)

Manners of Reciting Quraan

Manners to be Observed During Recitation

General Manners regarding Recitation

The Hafs An Assim Chain of narration

Levels of Reading Quraan

At-Tarteel – This is the same speed of reading Quraan as at-tahqeeq

Al-Hadr – It is a swift method of reading the Quraan, taking care of the

At-Tadweer – It is reading at an intermediate level between at-tahqeeq and al-hadr

How to Say Al-Isti‟atha

) and it is taken from the Quran:

ٍ ‫ِب ِ ا ٌ ٍَّ ُ ا ٌ ٍَُِ ِ َ ا ٌ ٍَ َب ِ ا ٌ َج أػ ر ث ّٗ غ غ‬

When to say ‫اإلعزؼب َح َِر‬

When To Say ‫اإلظزعب َح‬

out loud in the following situations:

Benefits of Saying ‫اإلظزعب َح‬

out loud and the others do it

When To Say ‫اإلظزعب َح‬

1) The reader is reading silently; 2) The reader is alone whether he is reading

Repeating ‫اإلعزؼب َح َِر‬

There will be no need to repeat saying

at the beginning of the Surah or at any

Ways of Saying ‫اإلعزؼب َح‬

‫ع‬١َّ ٌ ‫ لطع ا‬Cutting ِ‫َ ج‬

all three off from each other.

ٟٔ ٌ ‫ َص ا‬ٚ ُ َ ‫ي ُ َْطع األ‬ٚ ُ ‫ٌ ل‬

‫ي‬ٚ ً ٚ ‫ َط ُ اٌثب ِش ٌ ل ع‬ٚ ‫ثب‬

Ways of Saying ‫اإلعزؼب َح‬

ْ‫ َر‬ٌَٟ ّٗ ٓ ِٕ ‫ا‬ُٛ َ ‫ َ آ‬٠ِ ٌ ‫ ِ ُ ا‬ٚ ُ ٌ ٍ‫ا‬

َٜ َ ْ‫س ْ َٓ ٍَ ع غ ز‬ٛ ‫ع ا ْ ٌ َْس ِ اظ‬َٝ ُ ‫ا ٌ َّح‬

“ (Allah) Most Gracious is firmly established on the throne (of authority). “

‫ ِ ُس ُ ٍ ْع ُ ا ٌ َبع‬١ ‫ َّد ِ ُ ع َخ ِ ٌَإ‬٠ ْٗ ِ

‫ َب ُ َع ُ ُ ا ْ ٌ َم‬١َْ ٌ ‫ ِدو ُ ف س َ ْا‬٠ ْ ‫ّش ط‬

ْ ُ َِٔ َ ‫ َب‬١‫ِٔإ ُ ِٓ ٍَظ‬١ِ ِ ‫إ َٗ ِ ُ َ ِ س ْ َ ِ س‬ٚ ْ ّْ ُ ِ َٗ

 However, the scholars have differed to whether it is the first

verse of suratul Fatiha or not. The scholars of Kufa and Mecca

al-basmalah as a verse of suratul Fatiha and so they count

ُِْ ‫ ٍَ صس ط َ ٓ ع ذ‬ٙ ‫ َ َٔأ َّ َ ع‬٠‫ ِ َا َ ا ٌ ِر‬١َ

ُِْ ‫ ٍَ صس ط َ ٓ ع‬ٙ ‫ َ َٔأ َّ َذ ع‬٠‫ ِ َا َ ا ٌ ِر‬١َ

As the sixth verse.

 As for the four schools of thought:

Shafee School of thought: al-basmalah is a complete verse of suratul Fatiha and of

The Ruling Regarding Al-Basmalah Between Two Surahs

‫ع‬١َّ ٌ ‫ لطع ا‬Cutting ِ‫َ ج‬

all Here the reader has a choice of 3 ways with al-basmalah :

ٟٔ‫ ل ُ َي ثبٌثب ِش‬ٚ ُ ‫ ًَْص اٌثب‬ٚ ُ ‫األ‬

Basmalah with the Surah

Ending the last surah, stopping, then saying the al-

basmalah and the

‫ع‬١َّ ٌ ‫ص ا‬ًْٚ Joining ِ‫َ ج‬

all three with each other.