Name: Robelle S Dana

Year/Course/section : 1 BSN A

Subject: BIOCHEMISTRY (LECTURE)

Adviser: Krizelle Jhan H. Valdez

° What are the 20 amino acids and which is the essential and non essential?

What is amino acid?

Amino acids are essential to all living things, from microbes to humans.
All living bodies contains the same 20 types of amino acids.

What are essential amino acids?

Of all 20 amino acids , 9 cannot be synthesized and we need to take them in through
our diets. This are called essential or indispensable amino acids.

 Isoleucine
 Histidine
 Leucine
 Methionine
 Lysine
 Phenylalanine
  Tryptophan
 Threonine
 Valine

What are non essential amino acids?

The 11 remaining amino acids can be synthesized from other amino acids in the
body and thus are called non essential or dispensable amino acids.

 Alanine

 Arginine

 Asparagine

 Aspartic acid

 Cysteine

 Glutamic acid

 Glutamine

 Glycine

 Proline

 Serine

 Tyrosine
Definition of Terms :
Alanine - is an important source of glucose in the liver. It is the support function
of the liver.

Arginine - works to ensure normal vascular function.

Asparagine - an amino acid that was discovered and isolated from asparagus.

Aspartic acid - is a type of amino acid. Amino acids are used as building blocks
to make protein in the body. One type of aspartic acid, called D-aspartic acid, is
not used to make protein, but it is used in other body functions. People use
aspartic acid for fatigue, athletic performance, and muscle strength, but there is
no good scientific evidence to support these uses.

Cysteine - reduces the amount of black melanin pigmentation in the skin. Also
promotes the normal function of immune cells.

Glutamic acid - is an amino acid used to form proteins. In the body it turns into
glutamate. This is a chemical that helps nerve cells in the brain send and receive
information from other cells. It may be involved in learning and memory. It may
help people with hypochlorhydria (low stomach acid) or achlorhydria (no
stomach acid).

Glutamine - is an amino acid that is needed to maintain normal gastrointestinal

and muscle function.

Glycine - acts as a transmitter in the central nervous system and facilitates the
regulations of some physiological functions such as locomotion and sensory
perception.

Histidine - used to make histamine

Isoleucine - a branched-chain amino acid together with valine and leucine. It

plays an important role in

promoting protein growth in the body and providing energy during exercise.

Leucine - a branched-chain amino acid together with valine and leucine. It plays
an important role in promoting protein growth in the body and providing energy
during exercise.

Lysine - one of the most commonly mentioned essential amino acids. Foods
such as breads, wheat noodles, and milled rice tend to be low in lysine.

Methionine -an essential amino acids that is used to make many different
substances needed in the body.

Phenylalanine - an essential amino acids that is used to make many types of

useful amines.

Proline - is an organic acid classed as a proteinogenic amino acid, although it

does not contain the amino group -NH ₂ but is rather a secondary amine. Proline
is an amino acid, or a building block for protein. The body can make proline on
its own, but it is also consumed in the diet.

Serine - an amino acids used to make phospholipids nd glyceric acids.

Threonine - an essential amino acid that is used to make the active sites of
enzymes.

Tryptophan - an essential amino acids used to make many type of useful amines.

Tyrosine - is an aromatic amino acid together with phenylalanine and tryptophan.

Valine- Plays an important role i promoting protein growth in the body and
providing energy during exercise.