GLOBALIZATION

 However, in order to be globalized, there are seven

major factors to consider in process such as:
 is a worldwide phenomenon that has greatly shaped
economics, military, cultural, ecology, politics,
human lives for millennia. Over the centuries, many
technology, and geography.
scholars have debated its beginnings, meaning, and
how it changed the world.
 As population grows and time goes on our
civilizations become even more interconnected
 The term "globalization" is derived from the word
through a process called globalization.
"globalize" which refers to the emergence of an
international network of economic system.
 Globalization is generally defined as "the
intensification and acceleration of social exchange,
 It is a very broad term that takes many definitions
social consciousness, and social activities that allows
(depending on the field and it's uses) that does not
all type of people to interact.
provide any singular universal description to it.

 It is the dynamic shift towards a unified world

 It is a process of interaction and integration among
where borders, language, ethnicity, government, etc.
the people, companies, and governments of different
do not limit communication.
nations, a process driven by international trade and
investments and aided by information technology."
(Levin Institute, 2016) History of Globalization

 It can also be defined as "a process that, based on
international strategies, aims to expand business
operations on a worldwide level, and was precipitated
by the facilitation of global communications due to
technological advancements, and socioeconomic,
political and environmental developments."
(Pologeorgis, 2017) INSERT
 From these definitions, we can say that
globalization is a kind of process which every
nation interacts with each other in order to achieve
global unity.
 Thanks to the growth of technology it is easier
than ever for 7 billion people in this planet to interact
and grow as a society. However, globalization is not a
new phenomenon.
 Globalization began in the prehistoric period
(10, 000 B.C.E to 3500 B.C.E), which during this
time prehistoric humans spread across the globe in
small groups of hunter-gatherers.
 As seen in the animals on the wall of the Lascaux
Cave in France, prehistoric hunter-gatherer groups
were preoccupied with hunting.
 These people were focus on survival and it is not until
the domestication of animals and the growth of
settled farming that possibility for globalization (as
we defined it) existed.
 As agrarian societies developed and the need for
food was no longer the primary motive, societies
began to differentiate a hierarchy and allow for the
growth of different social classes.
 The patriarchal societies that settled the group
(which still exist today) developed during this time.
 However, there was limited communication between
small societes by little technologies available at the
time and for this reason globalization did not seem
much as way we see it now.However, it was a time
for great spread for humanity.
 During the premodern period (3500 B.C.E. to
1500 C.E.), larger civilizations developed which gave
way to the current definition of globalization.
 Large cities with different classes of people
begin to crop up again across the ancient near east in
Asia.With the invention of writing (cuniform) by the
Mesopotamians was a major leap in communication
technology.
 Writing allowed the recording of details, such as
financial accounts made it possible for large amount
of informations to be remembered and transmitted.
 The discovery of the Rosetta Stone (which the same
passages wer e translated into 3 ancient languages)
shows that premodern soci eties communicated in
different written forms.
 The advent of the wheel was likewise to be crucial for
globalization, it allow goods to be transported across
long distances on carts and for architectural
technology to improve.
 This led to the establishment of roads which led to
increase trade and communication between growing
world empires.
 The premodern period was really a time for the
development of Large civilizations.
 The ancient Egyptians empire flourish during this
time with great advances and engineering technology
and art.
 The Chinese empire on the other hand, with their
advances in mathematics, science, and warfare were
also develop along side and may have communicated
with other world empires.
 Greek civilization cropped up also this time as well,
creating a system of democracy which is the basis for
many modern government. The Greeks control a vast
 territory and flourished as the center f or arts and
philosophy for many years.
 From 500 B.C.E. to 500 A.C.E., the Roman empire
was the dominant empire in the world. Their empire
was vast and went to many periods of democracy and
periods of rulers. At its height, it controlled most of
western Europe and expanded throughout the United
Kingdoms and spread latin across the continent.
 Roman latin is the origin of the Roman's language
spoken throughout the world today. The Romans are
also responsible for the many permanent roads and
buildings which still exist today. The first trade routes
between Roman controlled areas cropped up during
this time.
 Eventually the Roman empire became Christianized
and disintegrated into the Holy Roman Empire which
can almost be considered as a proto governmental
organization at the past.
- Independent states existed within the empire but
was controlled by the religious body at the time
(the Pope).
But what does the age of empires means for
globalization?
 Not only were there means of communication with the
empire but also there communication between other
empires itself.
 It was the time for the foundation for the first global
trade routes (example the silk road), utilizing
transportation technology like permanent roads,
better ships, and animal drawn carts and wagon
 It was during this time that the origins of the silkroad
cropped u p as trade routes. Goods travelled the
empire but also religion, technology and disease.
 The age of empires was a time of great
technological advancements but after the Roman
empire fell the growth of technology stalled in the
western world.
 Several hundred years (called the middle ages),
there was very little change in western Europe. The
trades stalled, people struggled to survive in a colder
climate, a system of feudalism developed and kept
lower class people down while the upper class was
able to control all the important resources and the
trade system.
 Eventually the demand for resources, especially
spices and silk from the east grew so high that the
wealthy would pay merchants to transport goods
(particularly along the silkroad from China to western
Europe).
 The merchant class began to grow as population
began to decline. Merchant ships became a great
way to trade as they were faster than walking but
they also brought disease.
 The black death came to Europe and other part of
the world during the Middle Ages (in the 14th
century) and wipeout almost one -third of the global
population. This was a time that globalization may
have a negative effect on the world. Because goods
and people were travelling all around and disease
was travelling with them.
 The ending of the black death was also the
ending of pre-modern period and the transition to the
early modern period during the 1500s. As the black
death faded, the population began to increase and
urbanize once again. Improved transportation
technology allowed the immigration of people to
different parts of the world.
 The exchange of ideas and urban centers,
rediscoveries of ideas from ancient societies brought
about the Renaissance (the rebirth of art and
learning) in the western world.
 Development during the early modern period
from 1500 to 1750 was aided by the invention of
the printing press and the improve ment of the sailing
and navigation technologies.
 The western world expanded the contact of the
native American society fits to the process of
globalization even though the effects were largely
negative to the existing population of new people an
d new lands.
 There was now a drive to explore the rest of the
world, rulers wanted to claim new territory to acquire
money, ideas, goods to trade, and religious converts.
 The great central American empire were wiped
out by the Conqu istadors throught bloody battles and
disease for their resources. This period was
detrimental to certain populations of people but it
opened up new trade routes and increase the desire
to expand western society to find a new world.
 People came across new ships to colonize America,
destroying American civilizations in their wake. 90
percent of the native American populations were
destroyed by disease during this time. Despite the
tragic death of native populations, colonization in the
new world began to succeed.
 There was even a greater land area on which western
countries could expand and claim resources as they
completely disregarded the claims of native
Americans.
 Back in Europe, increase population and urbanization
led to the growth of the middle class while the
merchant class began to create a more modern
capitalist economy.
 The protestant reformation brought into question
the absolute sovereignty of rulers. The amount of
small kingdoms began to decline and eventually
culminating the 30 years war and the peace of
 Westphalia which establish the modern state system
today.
 In terms of globalization, there were now larger
countries with borders that did not necessarily fit the
ethnic groups contain within them leading to tension
down the line. During this time as well, the Dutch East
India Company began to establish trading post
throughout the world.
 This eventually led to the system of imperialism as
countries wanted to gain more resources but was also
important to the furtherance of globalization as new
people and ideas were transported around the world
along with goods.
 The modern period was designated by globalization
(1750 to 198 0) was headed off during the time known
as the enlightenment. The enlightenment was the
time were philosophers like John Locke and
Voltaire meet up and came up with ideas such as
natural right, life, liberty and property. The belief in
these rights are the bases for the American
revolution (in 1776).
 The American revolution was the starting point of
many revolutions against monarchies in the formation
of democracies.
 America was founded in the capitalistic economic
system, led and molded by treasure secretary
Alexander Hamilton. This inspired the French all
away across the ocean to revolt against their
monarchy as well.
 The late 18th and early 19th century was a time
of revolutions.
 The democratic systems were put into place by the
new republic still carried out today.
 America inspired much of the world with the
protection of the freedom of speech and religion
among others, democracy furthered the pace of
globalization.
 In theory, people could travel to democratic land and
be accepted regardless of their ideas.
 The foundation of America led to an increase of
immigration due to the prosperous democratic country.
 It was also, the beginning of the industrial revolution
in America and Europe and there was great
urbanization and more jobs available than before.
 The 1800s saw waves of immigration especially by
Europeans seeking for a better life.
 America became known as a cultural melting pot of
ideas from alL over the world travelled there and
grew. This time was known for great leaps of
technological invention that made communication
easier than before.

 With increase technology came an increase need for
territory and resources leading to the expansion of
imperialism. Imperialism may benefited certain
powerful western countries b ut was detrimental to
lands they occupied.
 However, global trade greatly increased during this
time leading to greater prosperity and urbanization
that was never seen before.
 Borders established during the early settlements in
the peace of Wesphelia also created tension this time.
 World War I began due to the violence in the
ethnically diverse BaLkan peninsula.The war was a
clash of old and new fight style and technology which
led to the death of many.And for the first time, large
coalitions from different countries co mpetended
against each other.
 Eventually troubles in Russia led to their own
internal revolution which began during WWI which
established a new system of government besides
democracy called communism.
 While the west fear the rise of communism, it has
other problems: the Treaty of Versailles written at the
end of WWI laid in place tensions which would later
led to WWII.
 It was during this time as well that Woodrow
Wilson proposed the first intergovernmental
organization: The League of Nations. While the US
declined to join, the countries in Europe banded
together in the League of Nations to try and prevent
further traged ies such as WWI.
 The great depression hit America after WWI
causing the decline of the economy but it also affected
the economy of the entire worl d showing the
interconnections that were beginning to form
economically due to globalism.
 Globalization had allowed world trade and production
to become so intertwine with the American economy
that when the great depression hit 1929 that both of
these things fell dramatically. It took years and many
systems for the world to climb out of the great
depression.
 WWII involved again large groups of countries
working together to defeat a common enemy (Axis
Powers) and also gave away for America to continue
its climb as a global superpower (working its way up
from the great depression).
 Old world empires were no longer the dominant
powers in the world and interaction of countries
outside the west began to grow.
 This period saw a massive increase in global
population and transnational communication. Global
companies began to crop up during this time.
 It was after WWII that communism became the main Conclusion
threat, the U.S. feared the growth of communism
because the USSR is beco ming another global 1. The history of globalization has showed us how
superpower. far we've come.

 The development of nuclear weapons mutually
assured the destr uction of the two countries if they
were to face off (which fortuna tely they didn't) which
cause a Cold War.
 Eventually, american democracy and capitalism won
over the USSR and the Berlin wall fell
 1980 was the end of the modern period so the shift
of the contem porary period (which the one we are
currently in).
2. We are moving together as a society to solve
greater world issues. ha
3. No longer can world problems be contained by
borders as they’ve grown too large and affect too
many people.
4. The entirety of human history is about growth and
progress.
5. We need to reflect while continuing to progress
the lives of everyone on the planet.

 The Berlin wall fell and heading off the era were
capitalism and American governmental and economic
system seems to become the model of all developing
countries to follow.

 The recent decades have seen the rise of

intergovernmental organizations: the European
Union and United Nations.

 Recently as well, international trade groups like Asian

and the economic system like the International
Monetary Fund (IMF) have crop up which raised the
next question: "Is the next step in globalization be
the elimination of traditional borders in favor of
governance of organizations like these?"