Republic of the Philippines

Surigao del Sur State University

Rosario, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur 8300
Telefax No. 086-214-4221
Website: www.sdssu.edu.ph

MODULE 3
Problem Solving and Reasoning
Name : Christian C Alintoson
Course & Year : BSES-1A

Activity 1:
Determine whether the reasoning used is deductive or inductive.

a. Since today is Friday, tomorrow will be Saturday. Deductive reasoning

b. Since it snowed every New Year's Day for the past four years it will snow on
New Year's Day this year.
INDUCTIVE REASONING

c. A child examines ten tulips, all of which are red, and concludes that all tulips
must be red.
INDUCTIVE REASONING

d. If an isosceles triangle has at least two sides congruent, then an equilateral

triangle is also isosceles.

DEDUCTIVE REASONING

Follow up questions to the class:

A.Which items are inductive and deductive? How did you know it?

Because it logically follows from generic or universal premises, inductive

reasoning is represented by the letters b and c in my mind.While and are examples
of inductive reasoning, deductive reasoning is when an inference is drawn based on
commonly acknowledged facts or premises.

B.What is the difference between inductive and the deductive arguments?A

deductive argument aims to ensure that its conclusion is true based on the
evidence presented.while an inductive argument seeks to provide a probability of
its premises’ truth that based on the veracity of its premises, its conclusion is
correct.
SYNTHESIS:

Design a diagram or graphic organizer showing the relationship of the following terms. Give a
brief description of your diagram.

Inductive reasoning deductive reasoning conclusion Leads

to the truth comes from the truth
Does not prove that something is true, but suggest something is true. Can
prove something is true, now and forever.

ASSESSMENT Use inductive or deductive reasoning to answer the given questions.

Predict the next number in each given set of numbers.

3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18
1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21

What type of reasoning did you apply in 1a and 1b?

1b is deductive reasoning and 1a is inductive reasoning.

Tell whether the mathematical statement is TRUE or FALSE. If false,

provide a counterexample

If then then .
TRUE
The multiplicative inverse always exist.
TRUE
is always positive

TRUE

Page 2 of 4
 ASSIGNMENT Test 1 - Use inductive or deductive reasoning to answer the given
questions.

Predict the next number in each given set of numbers.

3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18
1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21

What type of reasoning did you apply in 1a and 1b?

1a inductive reasoning and 1b is deductive reasoning.

Test II- Use deductive reasoning to show that the following procedure
always produces a number that is equal to the original number:

Pick a number. Multiply the number by 5 and add 10. Divide the sum by 5,
and subtract 2.
Pick a number. Add 3 to the number and multiply the sum by2 Subtract 6
from the product then divide the result by 2.

a. 5 x 5 + 10 ÷ 5 – 2 =
b. 5 + 3 x 2 – 6 ÷ 2
= 25 + 10 ÷ 5 – 2
= 8 x 2 – 6 ÷2
= 35 ÷ 5 – 2
= 16 – 6 ÷ 2
=7–2
= 10 ÷ 2
=5
=5

Activity 1: Solve the following and show your solution

1. An airline flies from Manila to Davao with a stopover in Cebu. It charges a fare of 1,
800 Manila to Cebu and a fare of 3, 500 from Manila to Davao. In one flight, a total of
180 passengers boarded the plane in Manila and the collected fare totaled 494, 000. How
many passengers got off the plane in Cebu?

STEP BY STEP SOLUTIONS :

Passengers :
➢ To Cebu : x
➢ To Davao : y
Total Passengers : 180

Equation (1)
➢ x + y = 180
➢ y = 180-x (passengers to Davao in terms of x )

Total fare :
➢ Manila to Cebu : 1,800 x
➢ Manila to Davao : 3,500 y
Total passengers fare for both destinations : 494,000

Equation (2)
➢ 1,800 x + 3,500 y = 494,000

Substitute 180x to y in Equation (2)

➢ 1,800 x + 3,500 y = 494,000
Page 3 of 4
➢ 1,800 x + 3,500(180-x) = 494,000

Find the number of passenger to Cebu, x ;

➢ 1,800 x + 3,500 x + 630,000 = 494,000
➢ -1700 x = 494,000 - 630,000
➢ 1,700 x -136,000
-1,700 -1,700
➢ = 80
➢ x = 80 (passenger of Cebu)

Numbers of passenger to Davao ;

➢ y = 180 x
➢ y = 180 – 80 (substitute the value of x)
➢ y = 100 (passengers to Davao)

Total passenger fare for each destination ;

➢ Manila to Cebu
1,800 x – 1,800 (80) = 144,000 pesos

➢ Manila to Davao
3,500 y = 35,00 (100) = 350,000 pesos

Check :
➢ Total passengers;
80 + 100 = 180
180 = 180 ( True )

➢ Total fare ;
144,000 +350,000 = 494,000
494,000 = 494,000 ( True )

Synthesis:

Instruction: Complete the table below with the desired information. God bless you!
What I Know about this What I want to know about What do I Learned from this
lesson? this lesson? lesson?
I have learned about
In this lesson I know how to What is significant role of inductive and deductive
solve the problem solving thinking in reasoning and reasoning. Also, I’ve Learned
and to know how to use a problem solving abilities of a lot of problem solving.
two types of reasoning human?

Page 4 of 4