Workplace Emergency

Preparedness

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OBJECTIVES:
•  Enumerate the different types of
emergencies
•  Explain the elements of an emergency
preparedness program
•  Discuss basic preparations for common
emergencies
•  Explain the fire brigade concept and
organization
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“Hope for the best, but be
prepared for the worst!”

This expression is a blending of what’s wished for

with what’s realistic. It applies to individuals,
communities, companies, nations, and specifically
to the workplace.

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 Definition of Terms:
Emergency
A serious situation or occurrence that
demands immediate action.

Disaster
It is the result of a calamitous event
causing massive death, injury or
damage.
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Natural Emergencies
Events that are caused by the forces of
nature

VULCANIC
FLOOD ERUPTION EARTHQUAKE

TYPHOON DROUGHT TSUNAMI

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 Man-Made Emergencies
Man-made emergencies can be a result
of human error or a willful intent.

FIRE CHEMICAL CHEMICAL

SPILL THREAT

STRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION BIOLOGICAL

COLLAPSE CAVE IN THREAT

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Most developed countries operate three core
emergency services:
Emergency services providing assistance in
dealing with any emergency:
POLICE
The agency who deal with security of
person and property, which can cover all
the categories of emergency. They also to
some extent deal with punishment of those
who cause an emergency through their
deliberate actions.
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Most developed countries operate three core
emergency services:
Emergency services providing assistance in
dealing with any emergency:

FIRE SERVICE

Who deal with potentially harmful fires, but

also often rescue operations such as dealing
with road traffic collisions. Their actions
help to prevent loss of life, damage to
health and damage to or loss of property.
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Most developed countries operate three core
emergency services:
Emergency services providing assistance in
dealing with any emergency:

Emergency Medical Service

These services attempt to reduce loss of life or
damage to health. This service is likely to be
decisive in attempts to prevent loss of life and
damage to health. In some areas "Emergency
Medical Service" is abbreviated to simply EMS.

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What is the best way to minimize this
potential loss?

Advance

for Emergencies
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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS

The objectives are to ensure

that the company has
developed and communicated
plans that will allow for the
effective management of
emergencies.
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Why Emergency Preparedness
Program?

• Quick and effective action is

required during the onset of an
emergency
• Effective action often depends on
having plans in place before the
disaster strikes
• If response is delayed, people’s lives
maybe needlessly lost
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ELEMENTS
Emergency Preparedness Program
Identify & Develop
Evaluate
Evaluate Emergency Plan &
Resources
Hazards Procedure

Conduct Conduct Drills Educate the

Training & Exercises public

Integrate with
community
plan
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ELEMENTS: Emergency Preparedness Program

IDENTIFY & EVALUATE ALL WORKPLACE

HAZARDS
•  Existing Hazards
•  Types of potential Hazards
•  Number of People or things exposed
to the hazard and its adverse
consequences.
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ELEMENTS: Emergency Preparedness Program

EVALUATE RESOURCES
•  Emergency Equipment
•  Transportation
•  Emergency Supplies
•  Employees Training & Capabilities
•  External Help Capabilities

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ELEMENTS: Emergency Preparedness Program

DEVELOP EMERGENCY PLAN AND

PROCEDURES
•  Command, Control, and Communications
•  External Communication
•  Records Preservation
•  Life Safety
•  Property Protection
•  Recovery and Restoration
•  Community Outreach
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ELEMENTS: Emergency Preparedness Program

CONDUCT TRAINING ON:

•  Information on Different Types of
Emergencies
•  Safety & Health Hazard Risk
Assessment
•  Incident & Accident Reporting
•  Hazardous Communication Program
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ELEMENTS: Emergency Preparedness Program

EDUCATE THE PUBLIC ON:

•  Co-existing Emergency Program
•  Safety & Health Procedures &
Protocols
•  Duties of Other Person

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ELEMENTS: Emergency Preparedness Program

INTEGRATE WITH COMMUNITY PLAN

Community officials should be involved in the
company’s emergency planning process and
that the company be involved in local
planning.
•  Philippine National Police
•  Bureau of Fire
•  National Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Council 19
SPECIAL RESPONSES

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SPECIAL RESPONSES

Flood
Pre Typhoon
•  Build emergency kit and communication plan
•  Know your surroundings
•  Make plans to secure your property
•  Trim trees near dwellings
•  Keep roads clear for emergency vehicles

What to do (During):
•  Stay indoors.
•  Never attempt to walk or drive through flood waters.
•  Look for NEWS updates
•  Await instructions from emergency management officials.

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SPECIAL RESPONSES

Flood
Post Typhoon
•  Continue to monitor news
•  Check for building damage
•  Document damage for insurance claim
•  Check connections before restoring utilities
•  Drive only when necessary

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SPECIAL RESPONSES

Earthquake
Evacuation Procedures
•  During an earthquake people at most workplaces are at greatest
risk from:
§  Collapsing ceilings and other falling objects.
§  Light fixtures and Windows

What to do:
•  If indoors, stay there. Take cover under sturdy furniture or against
an inside wall.
•  Stay away from window, skylights and other objects that could fall.
•  Use stairways to leave the workplace if ordered to evacuate & Do
not use the elevator.
•  Be ready to rescue victims & move victims to a triage area if
possible. 23
SPECIAL RESPONSES

Earthquake
Evacuation Procedures
•  During an earthquake people at most workplaces are at greatest
risk from:
§  Collapsing ceilings and other falling objects.
§  Light fixtures and Windows

What to do:
•  If indoors, stay there. Take cover under sturdy furniture or against
an inside wall.
•  Stay away from window, skylights and other objects that could fall.
•  Use stairways to leave the workplace if ordered to evacuate & Do
not use the elevator.
•  Be ready to rescue victims & move victims to a triage area if
possible. 24
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SPECIAL RESPONSES

Explosion
Any workplace that handles, stores or processes flammable
gasses, liquids and solids is vulnerable to explosion. Explosions
offer no warning, causing disorganization and panic.

What to do:
•  Try to establish communication with emergency scene
coordinators.
•  Assess damage to the workplace and estimate human
casualties.
•  Administer first aid if it is safe to do so.
•  Do not use elevators.
•  Evacuate following an established procedure.
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SPECIAL RESPONSES

Medical Cases
The most likely workplace emergency is a medical
emergency. A serious medical emergency such as cardiac
arrest requires immediate attention – Response Time Is
Critical.

What to do:
•  Inform the Nurses & First Aiders.
•  Evacuate the area surrounding the release.
•  Call the local emergency number, tell location and the
nature of the emergency.

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SPECIAL RESPONSES

Spill Response
Any workplace that handles, stores or processes flammable
gasses, liquids and solids is vulnerable to explosion. Explosions
offer no warning, causing disorganization and panic.

What to do:
•  Call the local emergency hotline. Tell the dispatcher the
workplace location and the nature of the emergency. Do
not move the victim.
•  Notify an emergency scene coordinator for CPR or other
first aid tasks.
•  Inform the Incident Commander.
•  Assist Professional Medical Responders when they arrive.
•  Inform the victim's Supervisor. 28
SPECIAL RESPONSES

Threats of Violence
Threats of violence maybe delivered in any form:
•  Face-to-face
•  By Fax or Telephone
•  Email
•  Threats can be directed toward the workplace or
toward a specific person)

What to do:
•  Activate a silent alarm if your workplace has one.
•  Isolate the threatening person if it is possible to do
so safely.
•  Inform the Incident Commander.
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SPECIAL RESPONSES

Bomb Threats
•  Take threats seriously.
•  Don't use firearms or phones in the building- they generate
radio waves that could trigger a bomb.

What to do:
•  If someone find a package that may contain, or that may be
a bomb, he or she should note its size, shape and whether it
emits a sound, then notify the Incident Commander.
•  Call your local police station from outside the building to
report the emergency and determine if an evacuation is
necessary.
•  Use a communication method that does not generate radio
waves to order the evacuation. 30
SPECIAL RESPONSES

Bomb Threats
Although terrorist acts pose minimal risks to most
workplaces, the devastating of recent acts have
changed the perception of a "SECURE
WORKPLACE" and added a new dimension to
emergency planning.

What distinguishes terrorist acts is the use of

threats and violence to intimidate or force.

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SPECIAL RESPONSES

Fire
What to do:
•  Activate appropriate alarms.
•  Stay calm and do not panic. Alert others in your area.
•  Evacuate as directed by your supervisor to your designated
evacuation area. Walk, do not run. Remain in the
evacuation area until the supervisor has accounted for
everyone and you have been instructed otherwise.
•  Never use an elevator during a fire. Always use the
stairwell.
•  If there is smoke in the room, stay low (the air is cooler
and cleaner closer to the floor); hold a wet clothe over
your mouth and nose; and only break windows as a last
resort. 32
SPECIAL RESPONSES

Fire
What to do:
•  If a door is hot, do not open it. Use an alternate door if
one is available and safe to use. If an alternate door is
not available, contact someone (if possible) and give
them your exact location.
•  Close all doors as you leave. Do not lock them.
•  If trained to use a fire extinguisher, and the fire is in
the incipient stage, you may attempt to extinguish the
fire. Remember that your own safety is of primary
concern.
•  Never attempt to put out a fire alone.
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SPECIAL RESPONSES

Office Emergency Kit Essentials

Suggestions include:
•  Personal items
•  Water and food, needed medications, clothing …
•  Financial and legal documents
•  Water proof container that cannot be easily replaced
•  Name and phone numbers of contacts out of area
•  Personal Preparedness Plan
•  Food
•  Extra Clothing
•  Sleep Bags
•  Personal Protective Equipment
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FIRE BRIGADE CONCEPT
AND
ORGANIZATION

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FIRE BRIGADE CONCEPT AND
ORGANIZATION

ORGANIZATION OF FIRE BRIGADE

AS A REQUIREMENTS
•  Business establishments
employing at least fifty (50)
RA 9514: persons.
The Revised •  Requirements for the grant of
Fire Code of Fire Safety Inspection
the
Philippines Certificate (FSIC)
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FIRE BRIGADE CONCEPT AND
ORGANIZATION
REMEMBER:
•  The head of the company, through
its duly designated safety officer
shall evaluate the potential
magnitude of a fire emergency
RA 9514:
within the company, and the
The Revised availability of firefighting assistance
Fire Code of from the BFP to determine the
the nature of the organization to be
Philippines established.
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FIRE BRIGADE CONCEPT AND
ORGANIZATION
OSHS Rule 1948.02 (Item 1)
•  Every place of employment
depending on the magnitude
of potential fires and the
availability of assistance from
the public fire department
shall organize a fire brigade
to deal with fires and other
related emergencies.
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OBJECTIVES OF THE FIRE BRIGADE

•  To enable the building head to conduct an effective fire

safety program;
•  To provide the organization by how the occupants can
combat fires, evacuate the building and prevent
damage to lives and properties;
•  To provide the building with the means by which a
safety consciousness among the building occupants and
the community of certain buildings;
•  To establish the necessary support and cooperation in
the fire prevention and suppression.
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EVACUATION DRILL

PURPOSE
•  Familiarize, train and rehearse the
occupants with evacuation procedures so
that order and control is maintained in
actual emergency.
•  To determine if emergency escape
facilities are sufficient for orderly
evacuation of all occupants
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GENERAL EVACUATION PROCEDURES

•  When you hear an alarm, stop work activities and

prepare to evacuate as directed by your
supervisor.
•  Proceed promptly to the nearest emergency exit.
Walk quickly, but do not run.
•  Do not Use elevators, instead use stairways to
the designated safe assembly area. Safe
assembly areas should generally be away from
the building, upwind and out of the way of
incoming emergency personnel. 41
GENERAL EVACUATION PROCEDURES

•  Remain in the safe assembly area location so that

the supervisory personnel may conduct a survey
to account for all building personnel. Do not
disperse or move to other assembly locations.
•  Do not re-enter the building until the emergency
response team leader has deemed it safe and
supervisory personnel have given permission to
go back into the facility.

Note: •  During an earthquake, remain in the

building until directed to do otherwise.
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EVACUATION MAP

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 Are You
Prepared?
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Workshop
Emergency Preparedness - Alarm
Workshop:

*Identify the Emergency Events if it’s Fire or

Earthquake

Ø  For FIRE, respond by putting your hands

in the air and act like tapping an alarm

Ø  For EARTHQUAKE, respond by Bowing

and Covering your Head