2019-2020

PRECAST CONCRETE
CONSTRUCTIONS
Prof. Dr. Haitham H. Muteb

Iraq-Babylon
UNIVERSITY OF BABYLON / COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
 INTRODUCTION

PRECAST CONCRETE
CONSTRUCTIONS
B.Sc. Elective Course 2019-2020
Prof. Dr. Haitham Hassan Muteb. Ph.D. M.Sc. B. Sc. Eng.
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Babylon

Syllabus
1. Introduction to Precast Concrete Construction, Precast Design
Concepts
2. Types of Precast Systems
3. Precast Concrete Components: Precast Concrete Structural
Elements Selection & Design;
4. Design of Precast Concrete Connections; column to column, beam
to column, beam to slab, slab to slab and slab to walls.
5. Case Study 1 Design of a Typical Residential Precast Concrete
Structure

Text books

1. Nilson A.H., Darwin D. and Dolan C. W., " Design of Concrete

Structures" 14th edition, Mc. Graw Hill, New York, 2010.
2. Elliott , Kim S., " Precast Concrete Structures", Butter worth 2002
Course objectives:
1. To increase the student's ability to understand the necessity of precast
constructions.
2. To improve the student knowledge for the differences between cast-
in-situ and precast concrete.
3. To increase the student's ability to understand the need of the
continuity of the structural elements.
4. Understanding of the behavior and design principles of connections
to ensure stability and safety of the structure.

Lecture Tutorial units

2 1 2

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Prof. Dr Haitham H. Muteb/ UoB/ IRAQ
 INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

The concept of precast (also known as “prefabricated”) construction includes

those buildings, where the majority of structural components are
standardized and produced in plants (cast and cured) in a location away from
the building, and then transported to the site for assembly. These components
are manufactured by industrial methods based on mass production in order
to build a large number of buildings in a short time at low cost.

Precast Concrete is a construction product produced by casting concrete in

a reusable mold or "form" which is then cured in a controlled environment,
transported to the construction site and lifted into place ("tilt up"). In
contrast, standard concrete is poured into site-specific forms and cured on
site.

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Prof. Dr Haitham H. Muteb/ UoB/ IRAQ
 INTRODUCTION

Advantages of Precast Concrete

The following are the advantages of precast concrete;
1. High efficiency and good quality control.
2. Durability.
3. Very rapid speed of erection.
4. Entire building can be precast walls, floors, beams.
5. Rapid construction is easily done.
6. High quality.
7. Prestressing is easily done.
8. Aesthetic versatility.
9. Low maintenance and low coast.
10.Sustainability.

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Prof. Dr Haitham H. Muteb/ UoB/ IRAQ
 TYPES OF PRECAST SYSTEMS

Disadvantages of Precast Concrete

1. Very heavy members.
2. Connection may be difficult.
3. Somewhat limited building design.
4. It cannot be used for two-way structural systems..
5. Joints between panels are complicated.
6. Skilled workmanship is required.
7. Cranes are required to lift panels.

TYPES OF PRECAST SYSTEMS

Depending on the load-bearing structure, precast systems can be divided
into the following categories:
 Large-panel systems
 Frame systems
 Slab-column systems with walls
 Mixed systems

Large-panel systems
The designation “large-panel system” refers to multistory structures
composed of large wall and floor concrete panels connected in the vertical
and horizontal directions.
The wall panels enclose appropriate spaces for the rooms within a building.
These panels form a box-like structure. They are either curtain walls or
bearing walls.
Sandwich panels are used to increase the insulation using; foam glass, glass
fibers and expanded plastics.
Types:

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Prof. Dr Haitham H. Muteb/ UoB/ IRAQ
 TYPES OF PRECAST SYSTEMS

1- Flat
2- Double Tee.
3- Ribbed
4- Window or Mullion.

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Prof. Dr Haitham H. Muteb/ UoB/ IRAQ
 TYPES OF PRECAST SYSTEMS

1- Flat panel
Flat panels are used for walls and slabs for spans not more than (2.0 to 6.5m).

2- Hollow Plank (Slabs)

They may be produced as a simple span up to 9.0m or continuance
spans up to 18m.

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Prof. Dr Haitham H. Muteb/ UoB/ IRAQ
 TYPES OF PRECAST SYSTEMS

3- Double and Single Tees panels (slabs)

Those panels are used for slabs up to 30m and they may be prestressed.

4- Ribbed and Window or Mullion Panels (walls)

They are produces in the height of one story (3.0-6.0) m and sometimes in
the height of two stories.

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Prof. Dr Haitham H. Muteb/ UoB/ IRAQ
 TYPES OF PRECAST SYSTEMS

Frame Systems
Precast frames can be constructed using either linear elements or spatial
beam column sub-assemblages.

Columns and Beams (linear elements)

Spatial Beam Column Sub-Assemblages.

Precast beam-column sub-assemblages have the advantage that the

connecting faces between the sub-assemblages can be placed away from the
critical frame regions; however, linear elements are generally preferred
because of the difficulties associated with forming, handling, and erecting
spatial elements.

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Prof. Dr Haitham H. Muteb/ UoB/ IRAQ
 TYPES OF PRECAST SYSTEMS

The use of linear elements generally means placing the connecting faces
at the beam-column junctions. The beams can be seated on corbels at the
columns, for ease of construction and to aid the shear transfer from the beam
to the column.
The beam-column joints accomplished in this way are hinged. However,
rigid beam-column connections are used in some cases, when the continuity
of longitudinal reinforcement through the beam-column joint needs to be
ensured. The components of a precast reinforced concrete frame are shown
in Figure

Inverted Beam Double Tee Floor

Column
Ribbed Wall
Footing

Frame Systems

Slab-Column Systems with Shear Walls

These systems rely on shear walls to sustain lateral load effects, whereas the
slab-column structure resists mainly gravity loads. There are two main
systems in this category:
• Lift-slab system with walls
• Prestressed slab-column system
In the Lift –slab system, the load-bearing structure consists of precast
reinforced concrete columns and slabs.

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Prof. Dr Haitham H. Muteb/ UoB/ IRAQ
 TYPES OF PRECAST SYSTEMS

Precast columns are usually two stories high. All precast structural
elements are assembled by means of special joints. Reinforced concrete slabs
are poured on the ground in forms, one on top of the other. Precast concrete
floor slabs are lifted from the ground up to the final height by lifting cranes.
The slab panels are lifted to the top of the column and then moved
downwards to the final position. Temporary supports are used to keep the
slabs in the position until the connection with the columns has been achieved.

Lift-slab system

The prestressed slab-column system uses horizontal prestressing in two

orthogonal directions to achieve continuity.
The precast concrete column elements are 1 to 3 stories high. The
reinforced concrete floor slabs fit the clear span between columns. After
erecting the slabs and columns of a story, the columns and floor slabs are
prestressed by means of prestressing tendons that pass through ducts in the
columns at the floor level and along the gaps left between adjacent slabs.
After prestressing, the gaps between the slabs are filled with in situ concrete

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 TYPES OF PRECAST SYSTEMS

and the tendons then become bonded with the spans. Seismic loads are
resisted mainly by the shear walls (precast or cast-in-place) positioned
between the columns at appropriate locations.

Prestressed Slab-Column System

Precast Beams and Girders

Rect. Beams L-Shaped Beams Inversted Tee. Beams I-Shaped Beams

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