Obiective: To verify that for two sets A and B, n{A x B) = pq and the total number of relations from A to

p and n(B)
=
B is 2P4, where n(A) =
q.
Pre-requisite knowledge: Knowledge of sets and relations is required.
Materials required Paper, different coloured pencils.
 Procedure:

Let A {a,} and B, =

{b,, b,) be related to each other
as
below:

A B
b

2. Let A (a,. a) and B = {b, b2, b) be related to each other as below:

A B
b
a

3. Let As = (a. a2 a and B = {b,. b . b ) be related to each other as below:

B,
a,

a-
ag.

4. Let A (a,, @ a a) and B = {b,, b2, bg, b4 Dg) be related to each other as below:

A B.
a,

age b

Observations
1. Cartesian product A *
B, =
{(a. b,). (a, b,)}
n(A, x B,) = 2 = 1 x 2 n{A,) x n{B,)

total number of relations from A, to B, is 22.

(: total number of relations from A, to B, is the total number of subsets of A, x B,).
2.
A B2 {la,, b,). (a,, b), (a,, bg). (a2 b,). (az, b). (a. b)}
=

nA x B) = 6 2 * 3 = n(A2) x n(B,)

total number of relations from A2 to B2 is 2°.

3. Ag *
B {la,, b,). (a,, b). (a,, b). (a2 b,). (a2 ba). (a2, Dga). (a3. b,). (a. b2). (a. b,
nAgx B) = 9 3 x 3 = n{A,) x n(B)

total number of relations from Ag to Bg is 2

 (a, b,). (a, Ds). (a2 b,), (a2, b,), (a, b.). (a. ba). (a,2
4. A x
B, {(a,, b,), (a, b2). (a4. Dg).
=
bs)
D4). (24 D2). (a4. ba). (a4. b). (a. b.)
(a. b,). (a,. b). (@3. bg). (@3 D4). (83: Ds). (4
n(A x
Ba) 20 4
= = 5
x =
n(A4) * n(BA)
from A4 to B, is 220
total number of relations
Conclusion
For any two non empty sets A and B, n(A x B) = n(A) x n(B) and total number of relations from A
to B is 2nA *B).
Application: Useful to find total number of relations from set A to another set B.