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AD8418WBRZ
AD8418WBRZ
AD8418WBRZ
70V VS VREF 1
VOUT
VCM AD8418 VS
+IN EMI
FILTER +
ISHUNT
0V
OUT
RSHUNT G = 20
VS/2
–IN EMI –
50A FILTER
ISHUNT
0V
GND VREF 2
11546-001
–50A
Figure 1.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Features .............................................................................................. 1 Unidirectional Operation .......................................................... 11
REVISION HISTORY
9/13—Revision 0: Initial Version
Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 16
Data Sheet AD8418
SPECIFICATIONS
TA = −40°C to +125°C (operating temperature range), VS = 5 V, unless otherwise noted.
Table 2.
Parameter Test Conditions/Comments Min Typ Max Unit
GAIN
Initial 20 V/V
Error Over Temperature Specified temperature range ±0.15 %
Gain vs. Temperature −8 +8 ppm/°C
VOLTAGE OFFSET
Offset Voltage, Referred to the Input (RTI) 25°C ±200 µV
Over Temperature (RTI) Specified temperature range ±400 µV
Offset Drift −1 +0.1 +1 µV/°C
INPUT
Input Bias Current 130 µA
Input Voltage Range Common mode, continuous −2 +70 V
Common-Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR) Specified temperature range, f = dc 90 100 dB
f = dc to 10 kHz 86 dB
OUTPUT
Output Voltage Range RL = 25 kΩ 0.015 VS − 0.020 V
Output Resistance 2 Ω
DYNAMIC RESPONSE
Small Signal −3 dB Bandwidth 250 kHz
Slew Rate 1 V/µs
NOISE
0.1 Hz to 10 Hz (RTI) 2.3 µV p-p
Spectral Density, 1 kHz (RTI) 110 nV/√Hz
OFFSET ADJUSTMENT
Ratiometric Accuracy 1 Divider to supplies 0.4995 0.5005 V/V
Accuracy, Referred to the Output (RTO) Voltage applied to VREF1 and VREF2 in parallel ±1 mV/V
Output Offset Adjustment Range VS = 5 V 0.015 VS − 0.020 V
POWER SUPPLY
Operating Range 2.7 5.5 V
Quiescent Current Over Temperature VOUT = 0.1 V dc 2.6 mA
Power Supply Rejection Ratio 80 dB
Temperature Range
For Specified Performance Operating temperature range −40 +125 °C
1
The offset adjustment is ratiometric to the power supply when VREF1 and VREF2 are used as a divider between the supplies.
Rev. 0 | Page 3 of 16
AD8418 Data Sheet
Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 16
Data Sheet AD8418
–IN 1 8 +IN
GND 2 AD8418 7 VREF 1
VREF 2 3 TOP VIEW 6 VS
(Not to Scale)
NC 4 5 OUT
11546-002
NC = NO CONNECT. DO NOT
CONNECT TO THIS PIN.
Rev. 0 | Page 5 of 16
AD8418 Data Sheet
8 30
6 20
10
OFFSET VOLTAGE (µV)
4
0
2
GAIN (dB)
–10
0
–20
–2
–30
–4
–40
–6
–50
–8 –60
–10 –70
11546-003
11546-006
–40 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M
TEMPERATURE (°C) FREQUENCY (Hz)
Figure 3. Typical Offset Drift vs. Temperature Figure 6. Typical Small Signal Bandwidth (VOUT = 200 mV p-p)
110 20
18
100 TOTAL OUTPUT ERROR (%)
16
14
90
12
CMRR (dB)
10
80
8
6
70
4
60 2
50 –2
11546-007
11546-004
Figure 4. Typical CMRR vs. Frequency Figure 7. Total Output Error vs. Differential Input Voltage
500 0.5
VS = 5V
NORMALIZED AT 25°C
400 0.4
BIAS CURRENT PER INPUT PIN (mA)
300 0.3
200 0.2
GAIN ERROR (µV/V)
+IN
100 0.1
–IN
0 0
–100 –0.1
–200 –0.2
–300 –0.3
–400 –0.4
–500 –0.5
11546-008
–4 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80
11546-005
Figure 5. Typical Gain Error vs. Temperature Figure 8. Bias Current per Input Pin vs. Common-Mode Voltage (VCM)
Rev. 0 | Page 6 of 16
Data Sheet AD8418
2.0
1.9
1.8 25mV/DIV
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
1.7 VS = 5V
1.6 INPUT
1.5
1.4 500mV/DIV
1.3
1.1
1.0 VS = 2.7V
11546-012
11546-009
–5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80
INPUT COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE (V) TIME (1µs/DIV)
Figure 9. Supply Current vs. Input Common-Mode Voltage Figure 12. Fall Time (VS = 2.7 V)
INPUT 25mV/DIV
25mV/DIV INPUT
OUTPUT 500mV/DIV
500mV/DIV OUTPUT
11546-013
VS = 5V
11546-010
VS = 2.7V
Figure 10. Rise Time (VS = 2.7 V) Figure 13. Fall Time (VS = 5 V)
INPUT INPUT
25mV/DIV 100mV/DIV
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
500mV/DIV 1V/DIV
11546-014
VS = 5V VS = 2.7V
11546-011
Figure 11. Rise Time (VS = 5 V) Figure 14. Differential Overload Recovery, Rising (VS = 2.7 V)
Rev. 0 | Page 7 of 16
AD8418 Data Sheet
INPUT
100mV/DIV OUTPUT
200mV/DIV
OUTPUT
40V/DIV
11546-015
11546-018
VS = 5V
TIME (1µs/DIV) TIME (4µs/DIV)
Figure 15. Differential Overload Recovery, Rising (VS = 5 V) Figure 18. Input Common-Mode Step Response (VS = 5 V, Inputs Shorted)
70
100mV/DIV
50
5V
INPUT 40
2.7V
1V/DIV 30
20
OUTPUT
10
0
11546-016
11546-019
VS = 2.7V –40 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
TIME (1µs/DIV) TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 16. Differential Overload Recovery, Falling (VS = 2.7 V) Figure 19. Maximum Output Sink Current vs. Temperature
35
MAXIMUM OUTPUT SOURCE CURRENT (mA)
30
200mV/DIV
25
5V
INPUT 20
2.7V
2V/DIV 15
10
OUTPUT
5
0
11546-017
VS = 5V
11546-020
Figure 17. Differential Overload Recovery, Falling (VS = 5 V) Figure 20. Maximum Output Source Current vs. Temperature
Rev. 0 | Page 8 of 16
Data Sheet AD8418
0 0.4
–50
0.3
VOLTAGE FROM POSITIVE RAIL (mV)
–100
0.2
–150
0.1
CMRR (µV/V)
–200
–250 0
–300
–0.1
–350
–0.2
–400
–0.3
–450
–500 –0.4
11546-023
11546-021
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 –40 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
OUTPUT SOURCE CURRENT (mA) TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 21. Output Voltage Range from Positive Rail vs. Output Source Current Figure 24. CMRR vs. Temperature
200
1800
180
VOLTAGE FROM GROUND (mV)
160 1500
140
1200
120 HITS
100
900
80
60 600
40
300
20
0 0
11546-022
11546-125
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
OUTPUT SINK CURRENT (mA) GAIN ERROR DRIFT (PPM/°C)
Figure 22. Output Voltage Range from Ground vs. Output Sink Current Figure 25. Gain Drift Distribution
+125°C VS = 5V
+25°C
1800 –40°C
1500
1200
HITS
900
600
300
0
11546-024
Rev. 0 | Page 9 of 16
AD8418 Data Sheet
THEORY OF OPERATION
The AD8418 is a single-supply, zero drift, difference amplifier The reference inputs, VREF1 and VREF2, are tied through 100 kΩ
that uses a unique architecture to accurately amplify small resistors to the positive input of the main amplifier, which allows
differential current shunt voltages in the presence of rapidly the output offset to be adjusted anywhere in the output operating
changing common-mode voltages. range. The gain is 1 V/V from the reference pins to the output
when the reference pins are used in parallel. When the pins are
In typical applications, the AD8418 is used to measure current used to divide the supply, the gain is 0.5 V/V.
by amplifying the voltage across a shunt resistor connected to its
inputs by a gain of 20 V/V (see Figure 26). The AD8418 offers breakthrough performance without
compromising any of the robust application needs typical of
The AD8418 is designed to provide excellent common-mode solenoid or motor control. The ability to reject PWM input
rejection, even with PWM common-mode inputs that can change common-mode voltages and the zero drift architecture
at very fast rates, for example, 1 V/ns. The AD8418 contains providing low offset and offset drift allows the AD8418 to
patented technology to eliminate the negative effects of such deliver total accuracy for these demanding applications.
fast changing external common-mode variations.
The AD8418 features an input offset drift of less than 500 nV/°C.
This performance is achieved through a novel zero drift
architecture that does not compromise bandwidth, which is
typically rated at 250 kHz.
70V VS VREF 1
VOUT
VCM AD8418 VS
+IN EMI
FILTER +
ISHUNT
0V
OUT
RSHUNT G = 20
VS/2
–IN EMI –
50A FILTER
ISHUNT
0V
GND VREF 2
11546-225
–50A
Rev. 0 | Page 10 of 16
Data Sheet AD8418
For unidirectional operation, the output can be set at the negative AD8418
R4
rail (near ground) or at the positive rail (near VS) when the R1
–IN –
differential input is 0 V. The output moves to the opposite rail OUT
voltage setting. If the output is set at the positive rail, the input
VREF 2
polarity needs to be negative to move the output down. If the
output is set at ground, the polarity must be positive to move
11546-026
GND
the output up.
Figure 28. VS Referenced Output
Ground Referenced Output
When using the AD8418 in this mode, both referenced inputs are BIDIRECTIONAL OPERATION
tied to ground, which causes the output to sit at the negative rail Bidirectional operation allows the AD8418 to measure currents
when there are zero differential volts at the input (see Figure 27). through a resistive shunt in two directions.
VS
In this case, the output is set anywhere within the output range.
Typically, it is set at half-scale for equal range in both directions.
AD8418 In some cases, however, it is set at a voltage other than half scale
R4 when the bidirectional current is nonsymmetrical.
R1
–IN –
OUT
Adjusting the output is accomplished by applying voltage(s) to
+IN + the referenced inputs.
R2 VREF 1
R3
VREF1 and VREF2 are tied to internal resistors that connect to an
VREF 2
internal offset node. There is no operational difference between
the pins.
GND
11546-025
Rev. 0 | Page 11 of 16
AD8418 Data Sheet
EXTERNAL REFERENCED OUTPUT VS
VREF 2
AD8418
11546-028
R4 GND
R1
–IN –
OUT
Figure 30. Split Supply
+IN +
R2
R3
VREF 1 SPLITTING AN EXTERNAL REFERENCE
VREF 2 The internal reference resistors can be used to divide an external
2.5V reference by 2 with an accuracy of approximately 0.5%. Splitting
11546-027
the supply, which means that if the supply increases or decreases, VREF 2
5V
the output remains at half the supply. For example, if the supply
is 5.0 V, the output is at half scale or 2.5 V. If the supply increases by
11546-029
GND
10% (to 5.5 V), the output goes to 2.75 V.
Figure 31. Split External Reference
Rev. 0 | Page 12 of 16
Data Sheet AD8418
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
MOTOR CONTROL referenced op amp because ground is not typically a stable
reference voltage in this type of application. The instability of
3-Phase Motor Control
the ground reference causes inaccuracies in the measurements
The AD8418 is ideally suited for monitoring current in 3-phase that can be made with a simple ground referenced op amp. The
motor applications. AD8418 measures current in both directions as the H-bridge
switches and the motor changes direction. The output of the
The 250 kHz typical bandwidth of the AD8418 allows
AD8418 is configured in an external referenced bidirectional
instantaneous current monitoring. Additionally, the typical
mode (see the Bidirectional Operation section).
low offset drift of 0.1 µV/°C means that the measurement error
between the two motor phases is at a minimum over temperature.
The AD8418 rejects PWM input common-mode voltages in the 5V CONTROLLER
11546-030
Another typical application for the AD8418 is as part of the
Figure 32. H-Bridge Motor Control
control loop in H-bridge motor control. In this case, the shunt
resistor is placed in the middle of the H-bridge so that it can
accurately measure current in both directions by using the
shunt available at the motor (see Figure 32). Using an amplifier
and shunt in this location is a better solution than a ground
V+
IU M
IV
IW
V–
5V 5V
INTERFACE
AD8214 CIRCUIT
AD8418 AD8418
OPTIONAL
PART FOR
OVERCURRENT CONTROLLER
PROTECTION AND
FAST (DIRECT)
SHUTDOWN OF BIDIRECTIONAL CURRENT MEASUREMENT
11546-031
Rev. 0 | Page 13 of 16
AD8418 Data Sheet
SOLENOID CONTROL 5V
VREF 1
OUT
OUTPUT
+IN
In the case of a high-side current sense with a low-side switch,
VS
+
the PWM control switch is ground referenced. An inductive BATTERY 8 7 6 5
–
load (solenoid) is tied to a power supply. A resistive shunt is
placed between the switch and the load (see Figure 34). An
SHUNT AD8418
advantage of placing the shunt on the high side is that the entire
current, including the recirculation current, can be measured
because the shunt remains in the loop when the switch is off. In CLAMP
DIODE INDUCTIVE 1 2 3 4
LOAD
addition, diagnostics can be enhanced because shorts to ground
–IN
VREF 2
GND
NC
can be detected with the shunt on the high side.
11546-033
common-mode voltage moves down to near the negative rail. NC = NO CONNECT.
When the switch is open, the voltage reversal across the inductive Figure 35. High-Side Switch
load causes the common-mode voltage to be held one diode
drop above the battery by the clamp diode.
High Rail Current Sensing
In the high rail, current sensing configuration, the shunt resistor is
5V
referenced to the battery. High voltage is present at the inputs of
the current sense amplifier. When the shunt is battery referenced,
VREF 1
OUT
OUTPUT
the AD8418 produces a linear ground referenced analog output.
+IN
CLAMP INDUCTIVE
VS
DIODE LOAD
+
BATTERY 8 7 6 5 Additionally, the AD8214 can be used to provide an overcurrent
–
detection signal in as little as 100 ns (see Figure 36). This feature
is useful in high current systems where fast shutdown in
SHUNT AD8418
overcurrent conditions is essential.
OVERCURRENT
SWITCH 1 2 3 4 DETECTION (<100ns)
GND
OUT
OUTPUT
–IN
NC
–IN
GND
VREF 2
NC
8 7 6 5
11546-032
NC = NO CONNECT. AD8214
Figure 34. Low-Side Switch
VREG
+IN +
power supply from the load for the majority of the time minimizes –IN
1 8
INDUCTIVE –
GND VREF 1
the corrosive effects that can be caused by the differential 2 AD8418 7 LOAD
VREF 2 TOP VIEW VS
voltage between the load and ground. 3
(Not to Scale)
6
5V
NC 4 5 OUT
Rev. 0 | Page 14 of 16
Data Sheet AD8418
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
5.00 (0.1968)
4.80 (0.1890)
8 5
4.00 (0.1574) 6.20 (0.2441)
3.80 (0.1497) 1 5.80 (0.2284)
4
012407-A
(IN PARENTHESES) ARE ROUNDED-OFF MILLIMETER EQUIVALENTS FOR
REFERENCE ONLY AND ARE NOT APPROPRIATE FOR USE IN DESIGN.
3.20
3.00
2.80
8 5 5.15
3.20 4.90
3.00 4.65
2.80 1
4
PIN 1
IDENTIFIER
0.65 BSC
0.10
Rev. 0 | Page 15 of 16
AD8418 Data Sheet
ORDERING GUIDE
Model 1, 2 Temperature Range Package Description Package Option Branding
AD8418BRMZ −40°C to +125°C 8-Lead MSOP RM-8 Y4N
AD8418BRMZ-RL −40°C to +125°C 8-Lead MSOP, 13” Tape and Reel RM-8 Y4N
AD8418WBRMZ −40°C to +125°C 8-Lead MSOP RM-8 Y4M
AD8418WBRMZ-RL −40°C to +125°C 8-Lead MSOP, 13” Tape and Reel RM-8 Y4M
AD8418WBRZ −40°C to +125°C 8-Lead SOIC_N R-8
AD8418WBRZ-RL −40°C to +125°C 8-Lead SOIC_N, 13” Tape and Reel R-8
1
Z = RoHS Compliant Part.
2
W = Qualified for Automotive Applications.
AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS
The AD8418W models are available with controlled manufacturing to support the quality and reliability requirements of automotive
applications. Note that these automotive models may have specifications that differ from the commercial models; therefore, designers
should review the Specifications section of this data sheet carefully. Only the automotive grade products shown are available for use in
automotive applications. Contact your local Analog Devices account representative for specific product ordering information and to
obtain the specific Automotive Reliability reports for these models.
Rev. 0 | Page 16 of 16