EXPERIMENT :4

Estimation of Sodium hydroxide using M/10 Hydrochloric acid

Aim

To determine the strength of a given solution of sodium hydroxide solution by titrating it

against a standard solution of hydrochloric acid.
Theory
This estimation involves titration of a strong acid that is hydrochloric acid against a strong
base sodium hydroxide and phenolphthalein is the indicator of choice. The reaction between
hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide is
HCl + 2NaOH → NaCl + 2H2O
In acid-base titration at the end point the amount of acid becomes chemically equivalent to
the amount of base present.In case of strong acid and strong base titration at the end point of
solution becomes neutral.
Materials Required
1.Burette
2.Pipette
3.Conical flask
4.Burette stand
5.Funnel
6.Stirrer
7.White glazed tile
8.Sodium hydroxide solution
9. Hydrochloric acid solution
10.Phenolphthalein indicator

Procedure
1.Rinse the burette with sodium hydroxide solution.
2.Take 10cm3 of hydrochloric acid solution in a titration flask. Fill the burette with sodium
hydroxide solution.
3.Remove the air gap if any, from the burette by running the solution forcefully from the
burette nozzle and note the initial reading
4. Add 2-3 drops of phenolphthalein indicator to the conical flask.
5.Titrate hydrochloric acid solution with base until permanent pale pink colour appears.
6.Repeat the titration till three concordant readings are obtained.

Observations
Molarity of hydrochloric acid solution M1=0.1 M
Molarity of sodium hydroxide solution M2 = x
Volume of hydrochloric acid solution V1 = 10 ml
Indicator = Phenolphthalein

End point = Light pink colour

 STD HCl vs NaOH
S.No Initial Reading of the Final Reading of the Volume of NaOH
Burette Burette solution used

1 0.0 cm3

2 0.0 cm3

3 0.0 cm3

Concordant Reading: …..ml

Calculations
Molarity(M1) of hydrochloric acid =1/10 M
Molarity(M2) of sodium hydroxide solution=X
Volume of hydrochloric acid V1 =10ml
Volume of sodium hydroxide solution V2=
M1×V1 / M2×V2 =N1/N2
M2= M1×V1 x 1 /V2 x 1
Strength of given Sodium hydroxide= M 2 x 40 g/L

Results:
The strength of the given sodium hydroxide solution is _______ g/L.

Precautions

1.While weighing, do not spill the substance on the balance pan.

2.Wash the watch glass carefully so that even a single crystal is not left on the watch
glass.

3.Bring the watch glass close to the funnel while transferring weighed substance and
transfer it gently. Wash it repeatedly with distilled water.

4.Wash the burette with water after titration is over.

5.The last few drops should be added using a pipette to avoid extra addition of
distilled water above the mark on the neck of the measuring cylinder.