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Pharmacy CDSS system

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Pharmacy CDSS system

Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) consist of several constituents, which are electronic

and non-electronic apparatuses and equipment (Scott, P et al,2017). Good clinical decision

support systems (CDSS) are ideal for delivering top-notch medical services and providing a

well-managed communication system in medical centers. In each medical center, even before

introducing electronic data records, patients’ health records and prescriptions have always been

important in delivering services in hospitals or medication centers. Therefore, for physicians to

enjoy the benefits of the electronic document, good clinical decision support systems (CDSS) are

required to facilitate physicians' communication and order entry.

Nowadays, most healthcare centers are working towards implementing well-organized file

keeping systems with interconnection within different departments to ensure there is complete

communication and easy tracking of each communication (Moucheraud et al,2017) Most of the

organization's main goal is to achieve good computerized data centers that can store all cases as

well as helping physicians and pharmacists to manage issues with a lot of ease.

In the pharmaceutical setting is not it's not easy either to determine some dosages and correct

interpretations. In addition to that, it becomes even more complicated to monitor some dosages

and track some previous medication records. i.e., antimicrobial drug history and any other

medical-related problems like drug resistance and allergies. Focusing on pharmacists targeting

physicians prescribing some dosage to the patient requires a good communication channel to

ensure the patient gets proper prescription following his or her health history and medication

history. A pharmacist may administer the wrong medication to the wrong patient or give the

wrong dose to a given patient in other situations. Therefore, it is important to have a system that
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can communicate effectively from physician to pharmacist with a window to confirm whether

the dose of medication prescribed has the correct prescription. To get a complete and safe

environment for all clinicians, we need CDSS, which focuses on patients' safety in medication

matters, which can help in examining: drugs prescription without contraindications and dose

monitoring and adjustment. With good electronic clinical decision support systems (CDSSs),

patient care can be greatly improved and improve physicians working environment efficiency

and safety of medication administered to the patient.

The Pharmacy CDSS system is composed of many layers, which are several interconnecting

departments. Pharmacy CDSS should interconnect pharmacists with physicians and other

departments like procurement. However, our main concern is what pharmacy CDSS will do and

how to implement it. The CDSS should ensure there is a clear and complete communication

channel between the pharmacist and physician. The CDSS should help the physician make a

good decision based on the patients' medication history. Moreover, the pharmacist should

confirm the correct prescription from the physician in case of any doubt based on CDSS

assistance.

The following indicates how the system will be working. The system will be capturing different

data as below:

The system captures and stores or medical prescriptions as prescribed by the physician.

The pharmacist should be able to view all prescriptions and all medication doses as prescribed by

a physician. Besides, the pharmacist should be able to trace all medication history and record any

medication-related problems for future Examination, evaluation, and control as they are

important in decision making.

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The system should be able to remind the physician of the patient's medical history to enable him

or her to decide what medication to prescribe.

The system should enable users to communicate. For example, the pharmacist can confirm the

dose to administer and the drug prescribed without physical movement from one department to

another. This system should enable the pharmacist to report to the procurement team in case of

the need to update the inventory. The design should be able to edit the list for easy tracking. The

clinicians should be able to communicate efficiently and effectively via the system.

The following indicates the implementation and adoption of the system. It is necessary to

develop a data flow according to the existing protocol as set by our administration. We will

prepare the key patient data needed for later use about patient safety (Aldosari, B. (2017), medical

test examination evaluation, and medication. Upon completing key requirements elicitation for

the CDSS, the provision will be documented and presented to The ICT department for

Examination and interpretation. The technical team will be required to develop a mock-up

simulation of the CDSS (Bayramzadeh et al, 2017). The mock-up prototype should include all

modules, which will be implemented in the final CDSS with the correct data, and processes flow

passed from one point to the other from patient registration to treatment. Then the prototype will

be passed to the clinicians for assessment before implementation. Each individual will be

required to give his/her view. After that, all the necessary materials for the system development

and data need will be gathered and submitted to our technical team for assessment. After the

system, the requirement elicitation list assessment system will be implemented; also, several

testing will be conducted to confirm whether it does all that was documented in the requirement

list. If the CDSS is guaranteed to meet the proposed design, the other clinicians will be trained

on using the system.

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In the development process, several challenges may arise or even during the use of the system.

For example, you find that in many settings, the data may not be kept electronically or during

changes system may break, causing loss of data(Braun et al,2017). In other environments, the

system may not be easy to use. In different situations, users may not be well informed or

conversant with the current technology. Therefore we should be aware that no new change or

advancements without challenges. However, we can overcome some of these challenges as

follows. We are educating and training the users on how to use the system. Ensure we have the

system back up before embarking on system integration (Thota, et al, 2018). The other thing is to

ensure a clear communication system between different works in the system to avoid

communication breakdown.
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References

Scott, P. J., Brown, A. W., Adedeji, T., Wyatt, J. C., Georgiou, A., Eisenstein, E. L., &

Friedman, C. P. (2019). A review of measurement practice in studies of clinical decision support

systems 1998–2017. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 26(10), 1120-

1128.

Moucheraud, C., Schwitters, A., Boudreaux, C., Giles, D., Kilmarx, P. H., Ntolo, N., ... &

Bossert, T. J. (2017). Sustainability of health information systems: a three-country qualitative

study in southern Africa. BMC health services research, 17(1), 1-11.

Aldosari, B. (2017). Patients' safety in the era of EMR/EHR automation. Informatics in Medicine

Unlocked, 9, 230-233.

Bayramzadeh, S., Joseph, A., Allison, D., Shultz, J., Abernathy, J., & Group, R. O. S. (2018).

Using an integrative mock-up simulation approach for evidence-based evaluation of operating

room design prototypes. Applied ergonomics, 70, 288-299.

Braun, J., Buchmann, J., Demirel, D., Geihs, M., Fujiwara, M., Moriai, S., ... & Waseda, A.

(2017, April). LINCOS: A storage system providing long-term integrity, authenticity, and

confidentiality. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM on Asia Conference on Computer and

Communications Security (pp. 461-468).

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Thota, C., Sundarasekar, R., Manogaran, G., Varatharajan, R., & Priyan, M. K. (2018).

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Robertson, J., Walkom, E., Pearson, S. A., Hains, I., Williamson, M., & Newby, D. (2010). The

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Arvisais, K., Bergeron-Wolff, S., Bouffard, C., Michaud, A. S., Bergeron, J., Mallet, L., ... &

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