FIS 2041 BIOLOGY I PRACTICAL REPORT

December 2022

SCHOOL OF FOUNDATION STUDIES

FIS 2041 BIOLOGY I

Practical 8: Determination of glucose in blood samples

Name: Abdullah Mohd

Student ID: FIS2208418

Objective: To determine the blood glucose level before and after meal

Results (2m):
Volunteer student Individual
Average blood glucose Non-fasting blood glucose
(mmol/L) (mmol/L)
Fasting 4.7 6.7

15 minutes after 5.5

meal

120 minutes after 4.5

meal

Plot a glucose tolerance curve by plotting a graph of blood glucose concentration

(mmol/L) against time (min). (3m)

Glucose
level
Time(Min) (mmol/L)

0 4.7

14 5.5

120 4.5

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FIS 2041 BIOLOGY I PRACTICAL REPORT
December 2022

Discussion (5m):

The average fasting blood glucose level of volunteers is (4.0 - 6.0) mmol/L within normal
range.The level of glucose for non- fasting people is higher than fasting people. There are
some common factors interrelated for this situation. In general, fasting blood glucose levels
are lower than non-fasting blood glucose levels because food intake stimulates the release of
insulin, which helps to lower blood glucose levels. Non-fasting blood glucose levels can
fluctuate more due to the efforts of food,exercise, medication, and other factors. Blood
glucose level increased after 15 minutes by eating milo or sugary substances. Because the
food contains of glucose and it enters in the bloodstream and signals the pancreas to release
insulin, a hormone that helps move the glucose from bloodstream into cells to be used for
energy or stored for later. This causes a temporary increase in blood glucose levels, which
should return to normal as the body uses or stores the glucose. When glucose molecules are
moved from the bloodstream into cells where it can be used or stored for later. This causes to
go back the level of glucose into normal levels within a few hours or two hours after eating.
Additionally, the liver can store excess glucose as glycogen, which can be released back into
the bloodstream to maintain normal blood glucose levels when needed for respiration or other
biochemical and physiological reaction. So it is almost the same with the fasting blood
glucose level and non fasting blood glucose level.

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FIS 2041 BIOLOGY I PRACTICAL REPORT
December 2022

Questions/ tasks (4m):

1. Briefly explain what you understand about Glucose Tolerance Test.

Based on my understanding about glucose tolerance test, A glucose tolerance test (GTT) is a medical
diagnostic test that measures how well the body metabolizes blood sugar (glucose). It involves
comparing the levels of glucose in the blood before and after drinking a sugary drink or having meal.
Before taking meal, the level of glucose is lower than normal and after taking meal it gets higher than
normal. The results of this test can help to detect Type 2 diabetes or pre-diabetes (impaired glucose
tolerance).
Also a glucose tolerance test can show when the body can’t manage blood sugar levels well but not
yet to the stage of diabetes. This is known as pre-diabetes and is a condition that can lead to diabetes.

2. Why is it important to test your blood glucose level two hours after your meal?

When a person takes his meal, the molecules of glucose get mixed with blood flow which
increase the sugar level in blood. As a result, it shows higher level of sugar and stimulate
pancreas to excrete insulin to carry out respiration. But after two hours the level of blood
sugar goes back to the normal. Because insulin already carry out all the molecules of glucose
from the blood flow and stored in liver. Furthermore, two hours is almost enough time for the
body to process the carbohydrates from the food, and provides a reliable indicator of how
well the body is able to to manage glucose.

Conclusion (1m):
The level of blood glucose before meal is lower or normal. But after taking meal, it increase
the glucose level than normal.