Document kind Document identity Revision

Technical Description 3AAM100298 O

Owner organization Document type Date of revision (yyyy-mm-dd) Status Page(s)

Motors and Generators Machine Description Document 2020-10-22 Valid 1(13)

Division/Department Prepared by Approved by Security level

MOMG/LMG/R&D/CN Nathan-Yang Yang Daisy-YueQin Bo Internal

Induction Motors Cooling Fans

Motor type Inspected by Date Motor type Inspected by Date

X AMA Eerik Kinnunen 2010-10-10 AML
AMC AMS
AMD AMZ
AMG DMI
AMGe M3
X AMI400-710 Juha Kinanen 2017-01-27 X HXR Eerik Kinnunen 2010-10-10
AMK X NMI Dezheng Wu 2017-05-03
X NMK Tim-Xiang Fang 2020-10-22 X NXR Juha Kinanen 2016-02-22
Note! This document covers product families that are marked with “X”. Restrictions to the scope of the document have been described in the body text.

Table of Contents
1 Purpose ............................................................................................................................................................1
2 General .............................................................................................................................................................1
3 AMA/AMI 400-710/NMI 355-630/NMK 400-710 Fans ......................................................................................2
3.1 Inside Fan ..................................................................................................................................................2
3.2 Outside Fan ...............................................................................................................................................3
3.3 Two-sided Outside Fan (AMA/AMI 560 & 630, NMI560 & 630) ................................................................3
3.4 Symmetric inside Cooling System (AMI 450&500M, AMA/AMI 560&630, NMI 560&630) .......................4
3.5 Axial inside Fan (NMI 560 & 630) .............................................................................................................4
3.6 Separate Fan.............................................................................................................................................5
3.7 Slip Ring Unit Fan (For Slip Ring Unit Machine) .......................................................................................6
4 HXR Fans .........................................................................................................................................................6
4.1 Radial Fan .................................................................................................................................................7
4.2 Axial Fans ..................................................................................................................................................7
4.2.1 Axial Steel Fan ...................................................................................................................................8
4.2.2 Axial Multi-Wing Fan ..........................................................................................................................8
4.3 Coaxially Mounted Separate Fan ..............................................................................................................8
4.4 HXR Top Mounted Separate Fan ..............................................................................................................9
5 NXR Fans .........................................................................................................................................................9
5.1 Inside Fan ................................................................................................................................................10
5.2 Outside Fans ...........................................................................................................................................10
5.2.1 Radial Fan ........................................................................................................................................11
5.2.2 Axial Fan ..........................................................................................................................................11
5.3 Coaxially Mounted Separate Fan ............................................................................................................12

1 Purpose
This Machine Description Document is meant to describe the standard and optional designs of ABB electrical
machines related to the document title. The document is internal by nature, intended mainly for the use of ABB
employees who need to explain to a third party the technical details of an offer. Test

2 General
Purpose of the presented fans is to remove heat from a machine by creating adequate airflows. Some motors
also include smaller locally effective fans such as a bearing fan. Those are excluded here.
This document covers induction machines only. Generators for wind turbines (WTG) are excluded.

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References
3AAM100128 Non-sparking fan
3AAM100209 Protection by enclosure and methods of cooling
3AAM100235 Heat exchangers

3 AMA/AMI 400-710/NMI 355-630/NMK 400-710 Fans

AMA/AMI/NMI/NMK are modular machines with welded frames and a several different kinds of cooling units to
choose from. AMA/AMI/NMI/NMK fans can be divided into the following four types:
• Inside fans (used to circulate / ventilate the heated air from inside the motor / generator).
• Outside fans (used to blow the ambient air through a heat exchanger to cool off the primary airflow).
• Separate fans (can replace one or both of the abovementioned fans. It is a fan equipped with its own
separate motor).
• Symmetric inside cooling system (can replace the inside fan).
• Slip Ring Unit Fan (used to circulate/ventilate the heated air into the slip ring unit box.)
The number and type of fans needed depends on the cooling method, speed and direction of rotation etc.

Figure 1: Examples showing an inside, an outside fan and slip ring unit fan types for AMA/AMI/NMI/NMK
Generally, inside, outside, separate fans and slip ring unit fan are radial type fans. The main dimensions and
certain features anyhow are optimized for each fan according to shaft diameter, amount of airflow needed,
direction and speed of rotation etc. Fan hubs and shafts have slotted keyways and keys are used to transfer the
turning moments. The fans are mounted shrink fitted to ensure tight tolerances on fit.

3.1 Inside Fan

An inside fan typically circulates the heated air from the inside of a motor to a heat exchanger and back. This
airflow is called primary cooling. An inside fan is located at the rotor shaft’s D-end inside the motor frame.
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The standard materials of inside fans are listed in Table 1. For the fabricated fans to be used at low ambient
temperatures between -20C…-50C a stress relief annealing after welding is applied. Please notice that the
primary cooling is most often a closed circuit hence these fans are usually not in touch with the outside air.
Inside fans of the fast rotating 2-pole motors are unidirectional (clockwise or counterclockwise rotation). They are
balanced to the accuracy G2.5 (ISO 1940-1: 2003) at least. Fans of Slower rotating motors with pole number 4 or
higher can be supplied uni- or bidirectional. These fans are balanced to the accuracy G6.3 (ISO 1940-1: 2003) at
least.

Figure 2: A unidirectional and a bidirectional AMA/AMI/NMI/NMK inside fan

3.2 Outside Fan

An outside fan blows the ambient air through a heat exchanger to cool off the primary airflow (created by an inside
fan or the symmetric inside cooling system). The airflow created by an outside fan is called secondary cooling.
An outside fan is located at the rotor shaft’s extension outside the motor frame at the N-end and covered with an
outside fan cover.
The standard materials of outside fans are also listed in Table 1. Fabricated aluminum and acid proof stainless
steel are readily available as optional materials for AMA/AMI/NMI/NMK. For AMA/AMI/NMI 560 2-Pole motors,
the standard outside fan material is fabricated aluminum. Mild steel and acid proof stainless steel are readily
available as optional materials.

3.3 Two-sided Outside Fan (AMA/AMI 560 & 630, NMI560 & 630)
An outside fan blows the ambient air through a heat exchanger to cool off the primary airflow (created by an inside
fan or the symmetric inside cooling system).
Two-sided outside fan’s operational principle is the same as other fans’, but it has two suction sides (see figure 3
& 4). This fan is used in 2-pole motors. It can be installed either way, to suit either direction of rotation. Two-sided
outside fans are always unidirectional (clockwise or counterclockwise rotation). They are balanced to the accuracy
G2.5 (ISO 1940-1: 2003).
As a standard the two-sided outside fan material is fabricated aluminum or paint protected mild steel (see table
1). For the fans to be used at low ambient temperatures between -20C…-50 C a stress relief annealing after
welding is applied.

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Figure 3. Two-sided outside fan

3.4 Symmetric inside Cooling System (AMI 450&500M, AMA/AMI 560&630, NMI
560&630)
Symmetric inside cooling system means that the rotor itself works as a centrifugal fan and circulates the air from
the inside of a motor to a heat exchanger and back. The motor doesn’t therefore need an inside fan, but a separate
fan can be installed on the heat exchanger if more airflow is needed. In NMI 560 & 630 2-pole motors, a pair of
axial inside fans can be mounted on the shaft to increase airflow.

Figure 4. Symmetric inside cooling and two-sided outside fan

3.5 Axial inside Fan (NMI 560 & 630)

NMI axial inside fans are always unidirectional and used in fast rotating (3000 rpm) 2-pole motors in pairs to
increase airflow of the symmetric inside cooling system. The standard materials of axial inside fan is listed in
Table 1.

Figure 5: An axial steel fan for NMI 560 & 630

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Table 1: Standard materials of inside fan and outside fan

Pole 2P ≥4P
Fan Inside fan Outside fan Inside fan Outside fan
Direction Uni Bi Uni Bi Uni Bi Uni Bi
AMI/AMA 400-500L Steel / Steel / Steel Steel Steel Steel
AMI450-500M / / Steel / N/A N/A N/A N/A
AMI/AMA 560 / / Fabricated / Steel Steel Steel Steel
Aluminum
AMI/AMA 630 / / Steel / Steel Steel Steel Steel
AMI 710 / / / / Steel *) Steel *) Steel Steel
NMI355-500 Steel / Steel / Steel Steel Steel Steel
or Cast Al or Cast Al or Cast Al**) or Cast Al**)
NMI 560 Steel / Fabricated / Steel Steel Steel Steel
Aluminum
NMI 630 Steel / Steel / Steel Steel Steel Steel
NMK 400-500 N/A N/A N/A N/A Steel Steel Steel Steel
or Cast Al**) or Cast Al**)
NMK 560-710 N/A N/A N/A N/A Steel Steel Steel Steel
*) Inside fan only for ≥ 6P
**) Inside fan only for NMI/NMK 400/450, outside fan only for NMI/NMK 400.
The standard steel type is paint protected mild steel (S235J2G3, EN 10025).
The standard fabricated aluminum type code is ALBG5 and BLBAD 160
The standard casting aluminum type code is AlSi10Mg, EN 1706

3.6 Separate Fan

A separate fan can replace the inside fan, the outside fan or both. They are fans driven by their own separate
motors. Typically these are used at a variable speed drive motors. Those may occasionally be run at such a slow
or fast speeds that an adequate cooling without an excessive noise requires a separate fan running at a suitable
speed. These fans are always unidirectional because their separate motors do not need to change the direction
of rotation.
As a standard the material is paint protected mild steel (S235J2G3, EN 10025). For the fans to be used at low
ambient temperatures between -20C…-50C a stress relief annealing after welding is applied.

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Figure 6: A separate fan for AMA/AMI/NMI/NMK

3.7 Slip Ring Unit Fan (For Slip Ring Unit Machine)
An inside fan typically circulates the heated air from the inside of slip ring unit box through a heat exchanger and
back. This airflow is called primary cooling. An inside fan is located at the rotor shaft or located at the slip ring’s
N-end inside the slip ring unit box.
The standard material of inside fan is steel. For the fabricated fans to be used at low ambient temperatures
between -20C…-50C a stress relief annealing after welding is applied. Please notice that the primary cooling is
most often a closed circuit hence these fans usually do not touch the outside air.
The slip ring unit inside fan is bidirectional. These fans are balanced to the accuracy G6.3 (ISO 1940-1: 2003).

a) fan mounted on shaft b) fan mounted on slip ring

Figure 7: A bidirectional /NMK Slip Ring Unit Fan

4 HXR Fans
HXR is a fully enclosed cast frame motor with cooling ribs. The purpose of the fan is to remove the heat from the
frame by blowing air along the cooling ribs. These fans can be divided into the following four types:
• Radial fans (used in relatively slow rotating motors, 4 poles and higher)
• Axial fans (for 2 and 4-pole motors)
• Coaxially mounted separate fan
• Top mounted separate fans
The two first mentioned types are mounted directly on the motor shaft at its N-end. The separate fans are driven
by their own motors. The type of fan selected depends mostly on the speed and direction of rotation, desired
noise level and possible space limitations.

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Figure 8: Examples showing different HXR fan types

4.1 Radial Fan

HXR radial fans are always bidirectional and used in relatively slow rotating (in some models up to 2500 rpm)
motors with 6 poles or higher, on request on 4-pole motors as well. Their dimensioning and the number of fan
blades vary according to a motor’s pole number and shaft height. As a standard these fans are fastened to the
shaft with a tolerance ring. Additionally a key may be used.
As a standard the material is paint protected mild steel (S235J2G3, EN 10025). For the fans to be used at low
ambient temperatures between -20C…-50C a stress relief annealing after welding is applied.

Figure 9: A radial fan for HXR

4.2 Axial Fans

HXR axial fans are always unidirectional and used mainly in fast rotating (from 2100 to 4800 rpm) 2 and 4 pole
motors. HXR axial fans are either manufactured of steel or so called Multi-Wing fans with glass reinforced
polyamide fan blades. In either case dimensioning and number of fan blades vary according to pole number and
shaft height.

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Figure 10: An axial steel fan and a Multi-Wing fan for HXR

4.2.1 Axial Steel Fan

As a standard the fan blade material is paint protected mild steel (either DC01 – A – m, EN 10130 or RAEX HSF-
640). For the fans to be used at low ambient temperatures between -20C…-50C a stress relief annealing after
welding is applied. As a standard these fans are fastened on the shaft with a tolerance ring. Additionally a key
may be used.

4.2.2 Axial Multi-Wing Fan

A Multi-Wing fan offers lower noise levels than its steely counterpart. It consists of a hub made of pressure die
cast silumin alloy (Al Si12 Cu) and glass reinforced polyamide fan blades. An anti-static version is available to be
used in explosion proof working conditions. A Multi-Wing fan is fastened to the motor shaft’s N-end with a flange
connection.

4.3 Coaxially Mounted Separate Fan

Typically this is used at a variable speed drive motor. Those are occasionally ran at such a slow or fast speeds
that an adequate cooling without an excessive noise requires a separate motor running a fan running at a suitable
speed. These fans are always unidirectional because their separate motors do not need to change the direction
of rotation. Fan hub and shaft are slotted and a key is used to transfer the turning moment.
As a standard the fan blade material is paint protected mild steel (either DC01 – A – m). For the fans to be used
at low ambient temperatures between -20C…-50C a stress relief annealing after welding is applied.

Figure 11: A coaxially mounted separate fan for HXR

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4.4 HXR Top Mounted Separate Fan

The top mounted fan can be used e.g. in places where the machine with the coaxially mounted separate fan is
too long. It is a radial type fan. These fans are always unidirectional because their separate motors do not need
to change the direction of rotation. Fan hub and shaft are slotted and a key is used to transfer the turning moment.
As a standard the fan blades and plates are hot dip galvanized mild steel (DX53D, EN10327).

Figure 12: A top mounted separate fan for HXR

5 NXR Fans
NXR is a fully enclosed cast frame motor with cooling ribs. The purpose of the fan is to remove the heat from the
frame by blowing air along the cooling ribs. NXR fans can be divided into the following three types:
• Inside fans (used to circulate the air inside the motor / generator).
• Outside fans (radial or axial fan)
• Coaxially mounted separate fan

Figure 13: Examples showing different NXR outside fan types (radial and axial fans)

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Figure 14: Example showing NXR coaxially mounted separate fan type

5.1 Inside Fan

Inside fans are axial type fans. An inside fan typically circulates the heated air from N- end to D-end inside of a
motor. An inside fan is located at the rotor shaft’s N-end inside the motor frame. Inside fan is fastened to the motor
shaft with a key.
As a standard of NXR the inside fan material is aluminum cast.
Inside fans are bidirectional (clockwise and counterclockwise rotation).

Table 2: Balancing of inside fans for NXR (ISO 1940-1: 2003)

Frame size Poles Balanced accuracy
315 … 500 2 G2.5
315 … 450 ≥4 G6.3
500 ≥4 G2.5

Figure 15: An inside fan for NXR

5.2 Outside Fans

Axial and radial fans are mounted directly on the motor shaft at its N-end. The type of fan selected depends mostly
on the speed and direction of rotation, desired noise level and possible space limitations.

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5.2.1 Radial Fan

NXR radial fans are always bidirectional and used in relatively slow rotating (in some models up to 2350 rpm)
motors with 4 poles or higher. Their dimensioning and the number of fan blades vary according to a motor’s pole
number and shaft height. As a standard these fans are fastened to the shaft with a key. Steel fans are balanced
to the accuracy G2.5 (ISO 1940-1: 2003).
For the fans to be used at low ambient temperatures between -20C…-50C, plastic fan is replaced with aluminum
cast fan. If the steel fan is used, a stress relief annealing after welding is applied.
Table 3: Standard materials of outside radial fan for NXR
Frame size Poles Standard material Optional material
315 4…6 Reinforced polypropylene Aluminium
355 4…6 Reinforced polypropylene Aluminium
400 4…6 Reinforced polypropylene Aluminium
400 8…12 Steel -
450 4 Reinforced polypropylene Aluminium
450 6…12 Steel -
500 4…12 Steel -

Figure 16: A radial fan for NXR

5.2.2 Axial Fan

NXR axial fans are always unidirectional and used in fast rotating (in some models up to 4430 rpm) 2 pole motors.
The fan consists of a hub made of pressure die cast silumin alloy (Al Si12 Cu) and glass reinforced polyamide fan
blades. An anti-static version is available to be used in explosion proof working conditions. Axial fan is fastened
to the motor shaft’s N-end with a flange connection. Number of fan blades varies according to pole number and
shaft height.
For the fans to be used at low ambient temperatures between -20C…-50C, plastic fan is replaced with aluminum
fan.

Figure 17: An axial fan for NXR

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5.3 Coaxially Mounted Separate Fan

The separate fans are driven by their own motors.
Typically this is used at a variable speed drive motor. Those are occasionally ran at such a slow or fast speeds
that an adequate cooling without an excessive noise requires a separate motor running a fan running at a suitable
speed. These fans are always unidirectional because their separate motors do not need to change the direction
of rotation. Fan hub and separate motors shaft are slotted and a key is used to transfer the turning moment.
The fan consists of a hub made of pressure die cast silumin alloy (Al Si12 Cu) and glass reinforced polyamide fan
blades.
For the fans to be used at low ambient temperatures between -20C…-50C, plastic fan is replaced with aluminum
fan.

Figure 18: A coaxially mounted separate fan for NXR

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 Technical Description
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Revision history
Rev. Date Prepared by
(yyyy-mm-dd)
A 2007-06-05
B 2010-06-30
C 2010-10-01
D 2013-12-16
E 2014-11-07
F 2015-01-19
G 2015-07-10
H 2016-02-16
I 2016-04-1
J 2016-12-14
K 2017-01-27
L 2017-04-27
M 2019-02-14
N 2019-04-19
O 2020-10-22
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© Copyright 2020 ABB
Valid 3AAM100298 O
2020-10-22 13(13)
Division/ Department Description
T. Kinanen FIDRI/PID Document created
Simo Ala-Outinen FIDRI/PID Added technical information AMI 400-500 and AMA/AMI 560-630
Emidio Norcini DMMG Corrected AMI to AMI 400-630 in product family table.
Jan Knuts DMMG/PID Published.
Robert-Yiqun.wang DMMG/LACM/R&D/CN Added technical information of NMI.
J. Kosonen DMMG/PMD Added technical information of NXR.
Qin Wang DMMG/LACM/R&D/CN Added technical information of NMI 450-500
Robert-Yiqun.wang DMMG/LACM/R&D/CN Added technical information of NMI 560 and axial fan
Corrected AMI/AMA 560 2P outside fan material information
Robert-Yiqun.wang DMMG/LACM/R&D/CN Added technical information of NMI 630
M. Saloranta PG LACM Updated information of NXR fans.
Michael-JingHao Mei DMMG/LMG/R&D/CN Update information for AMI450-500M type
Update NMI400-500 fan material
Candy-YingRui Ling DMMG/LMG/R&D/CN Added NMK 400-630 type
Timo Eloranta RMMG/PMD AMI 710 added
Jessie-BaiNeng Xu RMMG/LMG/R&D/CN Added NMI355 information.
Yong Liu RMMG/LMG/R&D/CN NMK 560-630 information was added
Marvin-Chaoqun MOMG/LMG/R&D/CN Fan mounted on slip ring added.
Gong
Nathan-Yang Yang MOMG/LMG/R&D/CN NMK 710 information added.