Heat Transfer (ENG-4101) Dr.

Anthony AY22S1

Name: Khalid Mohamed Almarzooqi ID#: A00053198

Homework 6

Due Tuesday 8 November 2022 (12 pm)

1. Air at a pressure of 6 kN/m 2 and a temperature of 300 °C flows with a velocity of 10 m/s over a
flat plate 0.5 m long. Estimate the cooling rate per unit width of the plate needed to maintain it
at a surface temperature of 27 °C.

𝑇𝑠 − 𝑇∞ 27 + 300
1. 𝑇𝑓 = = = 163.5℃
2 2

−6
𝑚2 𝑊
2. 𝑣 = 30.79𝑥10 , 𝑃𝑟 = 0.687, 𝑘 = 36.36𝑥10−3
𝑠 𝑚𝐾

𝑢∞ 𝑥 (10)(0.5)
3. 𝑅𝑒𝑋 = = −6
= 162,000 ≤ 5𝑥105 → 𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑟 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤
𝑣 30.79𝑥10

ℎ𝑥 𝑥 1 1
4. 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑇𝑒𝑚𝑝 𝐵. 𝐶 𝑁𝑈𝑥 = = 0.664𝑅𝑒𝑥 2 𝑃𝑟 3 = 236
𝑘

𝑁𝑢𝑥 𝑊 236 𝑊
5. ℎ𝑥 = = 36.36𝑥10−3 ( ) = 17 2
𝑘 𝑚𝐾 0.5 𝑚 𝐾

6. 𝑞′′ = ℎ𝑥 (𝑇∞ − 𝑇𝑆 )

𝑞 𝑞 𝑞 𝑊 𝑊
= = ℎ𝑥 (𝑇∞ − 𝑇𝑆 ) = = ℎ𝑥 𝑙(𝑇∞ − 𝑇𝑆 ) = (17 2 ) (0.5)(300 − 27) = 2320
𝐴 𝑤𝑙 𝑤 𝑚 𝐾 𝑚
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Heat Transfer (ENG-4101) Dr. Anthony AY22S1

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Heat Transfer (ENG-4101) Dr. Anthony AY22S1

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 Heat Transfer (ENG-4101) Dr. Anthony AY22S1

2. Experiments have been conducted on a metallic cylinder (D = 12.7 mm, L = 94 mm). The cylinder
is heated internally by an electrical heater and is subjected to a cross flow of air in a low-speed
wind tunnel.

Under a specific set of operating conditions for which the upstream air velocity and temperature
were maintained constant (U∞ = 10 m/s and T ∞ = 26.2 °C).

The heater power dissipation was measured to be 45 W, while the average cylinder surface
temperature was determined to be 128.4 °C.

It is estimated that 15% of the power dissipation is lost through the cumulative effect of surface
radiation and conduction through the end pieces.

Assume

• Steady-state, incompressible flow conditions.

• Uniform cylinder surface temperature.

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 Heat Transfer (ENG-4101) Dr. Anthony AY22S1

Find:
(a) Determine the convection heat transfer coefficient from the experimental observations.
(b) Compare the experimental results with the convection coefficient computed from an
appropriate correlation.

𝑊
𝑎. 𝑞 = ℎ𝐴(𝑇𝑠 − 𝑇∞ ) = (17)(0.5)(300 − 27) = 2320
𝑚

𝑞 𝑞 (0.85)(46) 𝑊
ℎ= = = = 102 2
𝐴(𝑇𝑠 − 𝑇∞ ) 𝜋𝐷𝐿(𝑇𝑠 − 𝑇∞ ) 𝜋(0.0127)(0.094)(128.4 − 26.2) 𝑚 𝐾

𝑇𝑠 + 𝑇∞ 26.2 + 128.4
𝑏. 𝑇𝑓 = = = 77.3℃ = 350𝐾
2 2

𝑅𝑒𝑑 = 6070 → 𝐶 = 0.197, 𝑚 = 0.618

1
𝑚
𝑁𝑢𝑑 = 𝐶𝑅𝑒𝑑 𝑃𝑟 3 = 37.3

𝑁𝑢𝑑 (37.3)(36.36𝑥10−3 ) 𝑊
ℎ= = = 88.1 2
𝐷 0.0127 𝑚 𝐾

Hilpert correlation under predicts measured h average by 13.6%

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 Heat Transfer (ENG-4101) Dr. Anthony AY22S1

3. Air at 25°C flows over a 10-mm-diameter sphere with a velocity of 25 m/s, while the surface of the
sphere is maintained at 75°C. Using Whitaker correlation calculate the rate of heat transfer from
the sphere. (At T= 298K, 1 atm, the properties of the air are as follow:  = 184 x 10-7 N.s/m2,  =
15.71x10-6 m2/s, k = 0.0261 W/m.K, Pr = 0.71, at T s = 348K, s = 208 x 10-7 N.s/m2

𝑉𝐷 (25)(0.01)
𝑅𝑒𝐷 = = = 1.59𝑥104
𝑣 15.71𝑥10−6

1 2 𝜇 1
𝑁𝑢𝐷 = 2 + [0.4𝑅𝑒𝑑 2 + 0.06𝑅𝑒𝐷 3 ]𝑃𝑟 0.4 ( ) 4
𝜇𝑠

1 2 184 1
𝑁𝑢𝐷 = 2 + [0.4(1.59𝑥104 ) 2 + 0.06(1.59𝑥104 ) 3 ] (0.71)0.4 ( ) 4 = 76.7
208

𝑘 0.0261 𝑊
ℎ = 𝑁𝑢𝐷 = 76.7 = = 200 2
𝐷 0.01 𝑚 𝐾

𝑞 = ℎ𝜋𝐷2 (𝑇𝑠 − 𝑇∞ ) = 200𝑥𝜋(0.01)2 (75 − 25) = 3.14𝑊

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 Heat Transfer (ENG-4101) Dr. Anthony AY22S1

4. Pressurized water is often available at elevated temperatures and may be used for space heating
or industrial process applications. In such cases it is customary to use a tube bundle in which the
water is passed through the tubes, while air is passed in cross flow over the tubes. Consider a
staggered arrangement for which the tube outside diameter is 16.4 mm and the longitudinal and
transverse pitches are SL = 34.3 mm and ST = 31.3 mm. There are seven rows of tubes in the
airflow direction and eight tubes per row. Under typical operating conditions the cylinder
surface temperature is at 70°C, while the air upstream temperature and velocity are 15°C and 6
m/s, respectively. Determine the air-side convection coefficient and the rate of heat transfer for
the tube bundle. What is the air-side pressure drop?

Known: Geometry and operating conditions of a tube bank.

Find:

(a) Air-side convection heat transfer coefficiet and heat rate.

(b) Pressure drop.

Assumptions:
1. Steady-state conditions
2. Negligible radiation effects
3. Negligible effect of change in air temperature across tube bank on air properties
4. Use Table A.4 (above) for air properties

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Heat Transfer (ENG-4101) Dr. Anthony AY22S1

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Heat Transfer (ENG-4101) Dr. Anthony AY22S1