Dementia

Sarasi

Bsc (Hons) Nursing and

Kothalawala Defense Universit

Famous Persons Who Had
DEMENTIA
Ronald
Reagan
American President -
Ronald
Reagan
Famous ‘LETTER to
the American People
Margret
Thatcher
British Priminister
-‘Iron Lady’
 Mohamed

World Boxing Champion -

‘Punch Drunk Syndrome’
Vasantha
Obeysekera
Famous Film Director -
DEMENTIA
a Public Health Priority
-WHO-
What is Dementia ??
“Dementia is a syndrome in which there
is deterioration in memory, thinking,
behavior and ability to perform
everyday activities”
Dementia
• Chronic Brain Disease
• Progressive & Irreversible
• Loss of Brain Cells
• Neuro Degenerative
disorder
 Extreme
shrinkage of
the cerebral
Cerebral
cortex
folds Severely
enlarged
ventricles

Extreme shrinkage
Hippocampus of the hippocampus

NORMAL SEVERE
Healthy Severe
Brain AD
Healthy Brain Alzheimer s Brain

ea Ith y eu ron

Diseased Ne ron
Burden of DEMENTIA
 Although dementia mainly affects older people , it is not
a normal part of ageing

 Worldwide around 50 million people have dementia 10

million new cases every day

 World’s population is aging

 2010 - 35.6 million

 2030 - 65.7 million

 2050 - 115.4 million

 Dementia is one of the major cause of disability and

dependency among older people worldwide
Causes for Dementia
o Older adult progressive o Thyroid abnormalities
brain cell death
o Vitamin deficiency
o Head injury
o Neuro degenerative
o Brain tumors disease

o HIV infection o Malnutrition

o Depression o Chronic poisoning

o Medication o Arterial disease

Seven Stages of Dementia
STAGE 1

- No impairment during this stage not detectable and no

memory problem or other symptoms of dementia are
evident
STAGE 2

- Very mild decline

STAGE 3

- Mild decline
 STAGE 4

- Moderate decline

STAGE 5

- Moderately severe

STAGE 6

- Severe decline

STAGE 7

- Very severe decline

Stages of Dementia
Sign and Symptoms
of dementia
o Difficult to remember names o Trouble holding urine

o Loss of memory o Dysphagia /difficult to swallowing

o Thinking problem o Agitation / anxiety

o Sleep disturbances o Personality disorder

o Gait imbalance

o Difficult to remember events

Causes for DEMENTIA
 Older adult progressive brain cell death

 Head injury

 Brain tumors

 HIV infection

 Depression

 Medication

 Thyroid abnormalities
Global Impairment During
DEMENTIA
Memory
Recalling events / name , recognizing people ,
personal details

Intellect
Apraxia , language problem

Personality
Wandering , suspiciousness ,socially unacceptable
behavior
When Care Dementia Patient
Set a positive mood Introduce your self

Interaction your attitude and Ask simple question (yes / no )

body language communicate
your feeling pleasant and Use always person name
respectful manner
Listen with your eye , ear
Physically touch hand to hand and heart
Get the patient attention Remember the good old days
If she is seated get down to
her level and and maintain
eye contact
Management of Dementia
No cure Recreation activity

Full time care Grand children companion

Helping for adults Symptomatic treatment

Arrange safety precaution Occupational therapy

Massage therapy Art therapy

Pet therapy Music therapy

Regular exercise Horticulture therapy

Medications (herbal ) Story telling

Religious activity
Dementia Track Music Therapy

Pet Therapy Art Therapy

Thank you !!!